Complications associated with implantation and use of totally implantable venous access port in pediatric and adult patients

Introduction: The use of totally implantable venous access port systems (TIVAPS) is crucial for long-term intravenous treatment in children and adults patients. The purpose of this article is to examine the extent of existing research on complications related to implantation and management of TIVAPS. Methods: A scoping review was performed from September to December in 2019. The MEDLINE, CINAHL and PubMed databases were used to review and analyze the literature using various combinations of keywords and their English-language synonyms. Quantitative clinical research published from 2010 to December 2019 were included in the analysis. The PRISMA-ScR recommendations were followed. Results: Out of the 219 search results, 26 studies were included in the final analysis. To identify complications associated with the implantation and handling of TIVAPS, free codes were identified by thematic analysis leading to the development of 17 primary grade descriptive subthemes. For the development of the thematic framework, all secondary level sub-topics were synthesized into three main themes: time-bound complications, infection-related complications, and TIVAPS removal complications. Discussion: Nurses who use TIVAPS on children and adult patients should be aware of the possible complications associated with TIVAPS. Refinement of surgical techniques and improving care process may improve the longevity of the line. Proper and careful management with TIVADs and more frequent observation by nurses are likely to have positive consequences for patients and positive cost implications for the hospital.