scholarly journals Degeneration of Bioprosthetic Heart Valves: Update 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander E. Kostyunin ◽  
Arseniy E. Yuzhalin ◽  
Maria A. Rezvova ◽  
Evgeniy A. Ovcharenko ◽  
Tatiana V. Glushkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Transplant Rejection ◽  
Mechanical Heart Valves ◽  
Aortic Valves ◽  
Bioprosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Genetically Modified Animals ◽  
Valve Replacement Surgery

Abstract The implantation of bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) is increasingly becoming the treatment of choice in patients requiring heart valve replacement surgery. Unlike mechanical heart valves, BHVs are less thrombogenic and exhibit superior hemodynamic properties. However, BHVs are prone to structural valve degeneration (SVD), an unavoidable condition limiting graft durability. Mechanisms underlying SVD are incompletely understood, and early concepts suggesting the purely degenerative nature of this process are now considered oversimplified. Recent studies implicate the host immune response as a major modality of SVD pathogenesis, manifested by a combination of processes phenocopying the long‐term transplant rejection, atherosclerosis, and calcification of native aortic valves. In this review, we summarize and critically analyze relevant studies on (1) SVD triggers and pathogenesis, (2) current approaches to protect BHVs from calcification, (3) obtaining low immunogenic BHV tissue from genetically modified animals, and (4) potential strategies for SVD prevention in the clinical setting.

Stentless Valves Treated by the L-Hydro Process in the Aortic Position in Sheep

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-417
Author(s):  
Paulo C Santos ◽  
Luís R Gerola ◽  
Ivan Casagrande ◽  
Ênio Buffolo ◽  
David T Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Aortic Valves ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Bioprosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Hemodynamic Measurements ◽  
Macroscopic Analysis ◽  
Group 1

Calcification of glutaraldehyde-treated bioprosthetic heart valves is a major cause of long-term failure. We studied porcine aortic valves treated by the L-Hydro process and implanted into 14 juvenile sheep (group 1). Another 10 sheep were implanted with glutaraldehyde-treated porcine bioprostheses (group 2). The animals were sacrificed after 150 days and the explanted valves were analyzed for calcification. Hemodynamic measurements by echocardiography and angiography were carried out prior to sacrifice. Macroscopic analysis showed calcification and loss of mobility of the leaflets in all group 2 implants and in one group 1 implant. Light microscopy showed foci of calcification in all group 2 implants and in 3 valves from group 1. A significant reduction in the level of calcification was found in porcine bioprostheses treated by the L-Hydro process and implanted into the juvenile sheep model.

scholarly journals Short- and long-term efficacy of aspirin and clopidogrel for thromboprophylaxis for mechanical heart valves: An in vivo study in swine

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 908-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen H. McKellar ◽  
Jess L. Thompson ◽  
Raul F. Garcia-Rinaldi ◽  
Ryan J. MacDonald ◽  
Thoralf M. Sundt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valves ◽  
Mechanical Heart Valves ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Term Efficacy ◽  
Short And Long Term

Valve Replacement Surgery in Patients With End-stage Renal Disease: Long-term Results.

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 972-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahadir Gultekin ◽  
Suleyman Ozkan ◽  
Emrah Uguz ◽  
Hakan Atalay ◽  
Tankut Akay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Valve Replacement Surgery

scholarly journals Bioprosthetic Heart Valves: Impact of Implantation on Biomaterials

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Singhal ◽  
Adriana Luk ◽  
Jagdish Butany
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Bioprosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Mechanical Valves ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Bioprosthetic Valves

Prosthetic heart valves are commonly used in the treatment of valvular heart disease. Mechanical valves are more durable than the bioprosthetic valves; however, the need for long-term anticoagulant therapy renders them unsuitable for some patient groups. In this paper we discuss the different types and models of bioprosthesis, and in particular, pericardial bioprosthesis. We also discuss the preimplantation preparation processes, as well as their postimplantation changes and modes of failure.

scholarly journals Retrospective investigation of anticoagulant complications in long term after mechanical heart valve replacement surgery in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Mechanical Heart Valve ◽  
Heart Valve Replacement ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Valve Replacement Surgery

Background: Patients with mechanical heart valve replacement surgery (MHVRS) should be followed up in terms of prosthetic valve-related and open heart surgery complications. This study aimed to determine the anticoagulant complications in long term in patients with MHVRS. Methods: This retrospective and descriptive study was conducted in a university hospital, İzmir, Turkey. The data were collected from July to December 2019. In total, 73 patients referring for regular check-ups to the hospital with intervals not exceeded more than 90 days, and those who had international normalized ratio (INR) measurements for January-April-July-October 2018 were included in this study. Results: The mean age of the patients was obtained at 58.98±12.89 years, and 53.4% (n=39) of the cases were male. Moreover, the mean follow-up period was estimated at 65.98±28.47 months. According to the results, complications developed in 60 patients (82.2%). The first hospitalized unit was the emergency department. The factors affecting the development of complications after MHVRS were evaluated, and a difference was found regarding gender (X2=6.18, P=0.013), comorbidities (X2=25.58, P=0.018), and monthly referral for regular check-ups to the hospital (X2=5.20, P=0.023). There was no relationship between the INR levels and the development of complications. Furthermore, the results of evaluating the factors affecting the number of hospitalizations after MHVRS revealed that monthly referral to hospital for check-ups (t=3.18, P=0.002) and history of previous valve surgery (Z=201.00, P=0.03) affected the number of hospitalizations. Conclusions: It was observed that patients frequently refer to the emergency department and struggled with various complications. Moreover, it was found that the patients had frequent bleeding and refer to the emergency service repeatedly. Accordingly, there is a need for interventional studies to reduce postoperative complications and provide the therapeutic INR level.

scholarly journals Degenerative pathologic findings after long-term implantation of bovine pericardial bioprosthetic heart valves

1988 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 642-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Nistal ◽  
Virginio García-Martínez ◽  
Dolores Fernández ◽  
Edurne Artiñano ◽  
Francisco Mazorra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valves ◽  
Bioprosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Pathologic Findings
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