Vascular Biology

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil J. Alkayed ◽  
Marilyn J. Cipolla
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Biology ◽  
Collateral Flow ◽  
Cerebral Microcirculation ◽  
Flow Variability

The article summarizes recent studies investigating mechanisms of collateral flow variability in stroke and the role of pericytes in cerebral microcirculation and stroke.

scholarly journals Effects of normobaric oxygen and melatonin on reperfusion injury: role of cerebral microcirculation

Oncotarget ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (31) ◽  
pp. 30604-30614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa C. Beker ◽  
Ahmet B. Caglayan ◽  
Taha Kelestemur ◽  
Berrak Caglayan ◽  
Esra Yalcin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Cerebral Microcirculation ◽  
Normobaric Oxygen

Influence of neutrophil depletion on myocardial function and flow after reversible ischemia

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (2) ◽  
pp. H341-H351 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. O'Neill ◽  
M. L. Charlat ◽  
L. H. Michael ◽  
R. Roberts ◽  
R. Bolli
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Coronary Occlusion ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Collateral Flow ◽  
Vascular Abnormalities ◽  
Reversible Ischemia ◽  
Neutrophil Depletion ◽  
Mediate Cell

We explored the role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in the genesis of contractile dysfunction (myocardial "stunning") and of vascular abnormalities after reversible ischemia. Open-chest dogs underwent a 15-min coronary occlusion and 4 h of reperfusion (REP); treated animals (n = 16) received intravenous goat antiserum against canine PMN, whereas controls received nonimmune goat serum (n = 10) or saline (n = 15). In treated dogs, the average blood PMN levels were 10% of those in saline controls. During ischemia, collateral flow tended to be higher, and paradoxical systolic wall thinning tended to be less in neutropenic dogs, but despite this, recovery of wall thickening after REP was not enhanced in these animals. Similarly, arrhythmias during ischemia or REP did not differ among the three groups. Four hours after REP, both resting and minimal coronary resistance (the latter assessed by adenosine infusion) were higher in the stunned compared with the nonischemic myocardium; these vascular derangements, however, were similar in all three groups. Thus profound neutropenia failed to attenuate mechanical dysfunction, to reduce arrhythmias, and to prevent vascular abnormalities after a 15-min coronary occlusion. Although previous studies have suggested that neutrophils mediate cell death during prolonged ischemia, the present findings suggest that PMN do not contribute importantly to the damage associated with brief, reversible ischemia. The duration of flow reduction may be a critical factor determining whether PMN exacerbate ischemic injury.

scholarly journals Role of Mechanotransduction in Vascular Biology

2015 ◽  
Vol 116 (8) ◽  
pp. 1448-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay D. Humphrey ◽  
Martin A. Schwartz ◽  
George Tellides ◽  
Dianna M. Milewicz
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Biology

Vascular biology—the role of tissue factor

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Hathcock
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Vascular Biology

scholarly journals The Role of Autophagy in Vascular Biology

2015 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel C. Nussenzweig ◽  
Subodh Verma ◽  
Toren Finkel
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Biology

Functional role of protease activated receptors in vascular biology

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Adele Alberelli ◽  
Erica De Candia
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
Vascular Biology ◽  
Protease Activated Receptors

scholarly journals Vascular Biology of Diabetic Macroangiopathy: Role of Nonenzymatic Glycation of Extracellular matrix in Atherogenesis

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriyuki SAKATAI ◽  
Jing MENG ◽  
Koji MLYAMOTO ◽  
Shigeo TAKEBAYASHI ◽  
Tatsuo FURUKAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Vascular Biology ◽  
Nonenzymatic Glycation ◽  
Diabetic Macroangiopathy

scholarly journals Anomalous Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery: The Role of Multimodal Imaging—A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Mita Singh ◽  
Ana Teresa Gomes ◽  
Moad El-Haddad ◽  
Abdel Khalid Saidmeerasah ◽  
Rashid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Collateral Flow ◽  
Anomalous Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Anomalous Left Coronary

Anomalous Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery (ALCAPA) is a rare coronary artery anomaly which accounts for 0.25–0.5% of all congenital cardiac diseases, where most die within the first year of life. We present a case report of a 50-year-old lady who presented to hospital with persistent palpitations. Her admission electrocardiogram found her to be in Atrial Fibrillation (AF). She was rate-controlled and subsequently discharged. Despite that, she represented with further episodes of AF and was referred for an outpatient transthoracic echocardiogram. This revealed a dilated right coronary artery, retrograde flow in the left coronary artery and collateral flow in the myocardium. To investigate, the patient had undergone further imaging which confirmed the diagnosis. As such, she was later shortlisted for surgical intervention. Conclusively, our case exemplifies the role of multimodal imaging to identify the features of ALCAPA and may be useful for the purposes of surgical intervention.

scholarly journals Role of Hedgehog Signaling in Vasculature Development, Differentiation, and Maintenance

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candice Chapouly ◽  
Sarah Guimbal ◽  
Pierre-Louis Hollier ◽  
Marie-Ange Renault
Keyword(s):  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vascular Biology ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Vascular Integrity ◽  
Hh Signaling ◽  
Vessel Integrity

The role of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling in vascular biology has first been highlighted in embryos by Pepicelli et al. in 1998 and Rowitch et al. in 1999. Since then, the proangiogenic role of the Hh ligands has been confirmed in adults, especially under pathologic conditions. More recently, the Hh signaling has been proposed to improve vascular integrity especially at the blood–brain barrier (BBB). However, molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the role of the Hh signaling in vascular biology remain poorly understood and conflicting results have been reported. As a matter of fact, in several settings, it is currently not clear whether Hh ligands promote vessel integrity and quiescence or destabilize vessels to promote angiogenesis. The present review relates the current knowledge regarding the role of the Hh signaling in vasculature development, maturation and maintenance, discusses the underlying proposed mechanisms and highlights controversial data which may serve as a guideline for future research. Most importantly, fully understanding such mechanisms is critical for the development of safe and efficient therapies to target the Hh signaling in both cancer and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases.

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