Arsacid Cities in the Hanshu and Houhanshu

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-138
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Pasha Zanous ◽  
Juping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Silk Road ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Iranian Plateau ◽  
Western Frontier ◽  
Chinese Travellers ◽  
The Silk Road

In the reports of Chinese travellers submitted to the Emperors, they mentioned the places they had visited or heard of. Although some scholars have tried to identify these Chinese names as specific places in the Iranian Plateau and its bordering plains, their locations are still somewhat vague and debatable. This article discusses the place-names mentioned in Chinese sources and attempts to verify that they could have denoted the localities along the ancient Great Khorasan Road and other routes, which were once the main sections of the Silk Road. Among them, the route that Chinese traveller Gan Ying might have passed before he reached the western frontier of the Arsacid Empire will also be discussed in this study.

The Classical Silk Road: Trade and Connectivity across Central Asia, 100 BCE–1200 CE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Iranian Plateau ◽  
The North ◽  
Cultural Exchanges ◽  
Popular View ◽  
Bronze Mirrors ◽  
The Silk Road ◽  
East West

The Silk Road refers to all the overland routes connecting the major oasis kingdoms of Central Asia including Dunhuang, Turfan, Khotan, and Samarkand to their neighbors: the Chinese landmass, the Mongolian grasslands, the Iranian plateau, and the Indian subcontinent. The best-known routes ran east-west, but the north-south routes to the nomadic states of the Asian grasslands were also important. In the popular view of the Silk Road, extensive camel caravans carried goods over long distances, but this was rarely the case. Usually peddlers carried mostly local goods short distances. Government shipments to provision armies profoundly affected the region’s economy, because they involved much larger quantities than in the peddler trade. Rulers regularly exchanged envoys who carried gifts, exchanges that continued even when private trade fell off. Whatever the reason for an individual’s trip, almost everyone—whether envoy, missionary, artist, craftsman, or refugee—bought and sold goods to pay for travel along the Silk Road. Silk was not the primary commodity traded on these routes. Goods traveling east included ammonium chloride, paper, silver, gold, glassware, and aromatics such as spices, incense, and fragrant woods. Goods traveling west out of China included bronze mirrors, other metal goods, and paper, in addition to silk. Between 300 and 1000 ce, the most important function of silk was as a currency, not as a trade good, although it remained an important export throughout the period. A vibrant series of cultural exchanges occurred alongside these commercial exchanges. Technologies, medicine, plants, music, and fashion all moved in both directions across Central Asia. Multiple religions also entered China during this time. The term Silk Road may not be the most accurate term for these commercial and cultural exchanges, but, despite its flaws, the term has secured a firm place in both scholarly works and the popular mind.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON THE ANCIENT MONGOLIAN PLACE-NAME ALONG THE SILK ROAD

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B4 ◽  
pp. 91-93
Author(s):  
Nashunwuritu ◽  
Baiyinbateer ◽  
Duoxi
Keyword(s):  
Silk Road ◽  
Place Names ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Digital Map ◽  
Politics And Culture ◽  
Culture Exchange ◽  
East And West ◽  
Trade Channel ◽  
The Silk Road ◽  
Commercial Trade

“Silk Road” is an ancient commercial trade channel connecting China with Asia, Africa and Europe and a major link of the economy, politics and culture of the East and West as well. In the 13th Century, with the westward expedition of Mongolian, the communication and integration of culture among different countries was accelerated, which led to many Mongolian place-names scattered in the countries along the silk-road, such as Khwarezmia, Armenia, Mesopotamia, Kipchak, Persian, involving today's Russia, Poland, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Hungary, Austria, Italy, Serbia, Syria, Iran, Afghanistan, Iraq, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India and many other countries and regions. The place-name is a kind of important factor that can represent the changes of culture, economic in history. We analyzed the current place-names in different countries or regions with different language to find out ancient Mongolian place-names, and marked the names on the digital map. Through the changes and transition of the place-name, we explored the development of Mongolian language changes itself, Mongolian blends with other languages, and furtherly reveal information of culture exchange.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON THE ANCIENT MONGOLIAN PLACE-NAME ALONG THE SILK ROAD

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B4 ◽  
pp. 91-93
Author(s):  
Nashunwuritu ◽  
Baiyinbateer ◽  
Duoxi
Keyword(s):  
Silk Road ◽  
Place Names ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Digital Map ◽  
Politics And Culture ◽  
Culture Exchange ◽  
East And West ◽  
Trade Channel ◽  
The Silk Road ◽  
Commercial Trade

“Silk Road” is an ancient commercial trade channel connecting China with Asia, Africa and Europe and a major link of the economy, politics and culture of the East and West as well. In the 13th Century, with the westward expedition of Mongolian, the communication and integration of culture among different countries was accelerated, which led to many Mongolian place-names scattered in the countries along the silk-road, such as Khwarezmia, Armenia, Mesopotamia, Kipchak, Persian, involving today's Russia, Poland, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Hungary, Austria, Italy, Serbia, Syria, Iran, Afghanistan, Iraq, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India and many other countries and regions. The place-name is a kind of important factor that can represent the changes of culture, economic in history. We analyzed the current place-names in different countries or regions with different language to find out ancient Mongolian place-names, and marked the names on the digital map. Through the changes and transition of the place-name, we explored the development of Mongolian language changes itself, Mongolian blends with other languages, and furtherly reveal information of culture exchange.

“Band Wagon and Gravy Train”: uses and abuses along the Silk Road

Afghanistan ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-194
Author(s):  
Warwick Ball
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Ancient Trade ◽  
International Image ◽  
Academic Discussion ◽  
The Silk Road

The Silk Road as an image is a relatively new one for Afghanistan. It appeals to both the pre-Islamic and the perceived Islamic past, thus offering an Islamic balance to previous identities linked to Bamiyan or to the Kushans. It also appeals to a broader and more international image, one that has been taken up by many other countries. This paper traces the rise of the image of the Silk Road and its use as a metaphor for ancient trade to encompass all contacts throughout Eurasia, prehistoric, ancient and modern, but also how the image has been adopted and expanded into many other areas: politics, tourism and academia. It is argued here that the origin and popularity of the term lies in late 20th century (and increasingly 21st century) politics rather than any reality of ancient trade. Its consequent validity as a metaphor in academic discussion is questioned

Prospects for matching strategic directions of the intergraphic development of the Economic Union and the Economic belt of the Silk road

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-45
Author(s):  
V. Zubenko ◽  
A. Massalimova
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Donor Country ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy ◽  
Industrial Cooperation ◽  
Economic Paradigm ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Title One ◽  
The Silk Road

The accelerated economic development of China in recent decades has allowed it to accumulate the potential to multiply its influence in Eurasia and initiate a number of ambitious political and economic projects designed for the long term. The most important of these are the concepts of the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) and the 21st Century Marine Silk Road (UWB), put forward by Chinese President Xi Jinping in autumn 2013 and subsequently combined under the title "One Belt — one way" as the strategy of China’s foreign economic policy, at least until 2022. Another factor behind the emergence of the SREB concept is the change in China’s foreign economic paradigm and its transition from a country attracting foreign direct investment to a donor country. Therefore, industrial cooperation is an important part of the SREB. In the negotiations of the EAEU countries with China on the integration of the EAEU and the SREB, it is necessary to take into account the interests of the industrial development of the EAEU countries, as well as the possible economic, political, operational and environmental risks that the process of interfacing with the SREB entails. It is necessary that the industrial cooperation of the EAEU countries and China be based on the principles of equality and mutual benefit.

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