Francesco Bianchini (1662–1729) and the Origins of Planetary Globes

Nuncius ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-273
Author(s):  
Luís Tirapicos ◽  
Thomas Horst
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Papal Court

Abstract The Veronese astronomer Francesco Bianchini (1662–1729) was a prominent figure at the papal court in the pontificates of Clement XI (pp. 1700–1721), Innocent XII (pp. 1721–1724), and Benedict XIII (pp. 1724–1730). In his influential treatise Hesperi et Phosphori Nova Phaenomena sive Observationes circa Planetam Veneris, published in Rome in 1728, he presents the first cartographical depiction of Venus, containing the gores for a globe. Bianchini also produced at least four Venus globes of which two still exist as original models in Paris (BNF) and Bologna (Museo della Specola). With this set of globes, Bianchini provided the first identified three-dimensional model of a planet (if we exclude earlier cartographical examples of the Earth and the Moon). In this article we address the conceptual and technological changes permitting the emergence of planetary globes.

Design and Affect about Parameter to Capability Research on Driving Device of Puncturing Mud Robot

2009 ◽  
Vol 419-420 ◽  
pp. 613-616
Author(s):  
Zhong Lin Zhang ◽  
Li Quan Wang ◽  
Xiu Fen Ye
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Main Parameter ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Virtual Assembly ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Trenchless Technology ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Optical Fiber Cable ◽  
Pvc Pipe

Puncturing mud robot is a kind of trenchless device that can walk by itself in the earth. There are abroad appliance foreground and developing value as it can mainly pave PE pipe,PVC pipe,cable and optical fiber cable under the mud. Through researching on impacting construction of steerable air-powered impact mole in trenchless technology at home and abroad, the driving device of puncturing mud robot was designed. The device machinery character and work principle is recounted and device three-dimensional model was established and device virtual assembly was finished. The parameter equation of driving device was educed and effect from main parameter to output capability was analyzed. Based on analysis result, testing of impacting capability about driving device was put up and the academic result of the impacting capability was validated. The testing result indicates also that this driving device can meet puncturing power need. This paper can provides reference for collectivity design of puncturing mud robot.

scholarly journals What is the Shape of Geographical Time-Space? A Three Dimensional Model made of Curves and Cones

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain L’Hostis ◽  
Farouk Abdou
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Relative Difficulty ◽  
Space Model ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Time Space

We propose a geographical time-space model extending time-space relief cartography introduced by Mathis and L’Hostis [,,,]. The novelty of the model resides in the use of cones to describe the terrestrial surface instead of graph faces, and in the use of curves instead of broken segments for edges. The approach lies a the intersection of two domains involving graphic representation: cartography, and three dimensional computer graphics. We implement the model on the Chinese space. The Chinese geographical time-space of the reference year 2006 is produced by the combination and the confrontation of the fast air transport system and of the 7.5 times slower road transport system. Slower, short range flights are represented as curved lines above the earth surface with longer length than the geodesic, in order to account for a slower speed. The very steep slope of cones expresses the relative difficulty of crossing terrestrial time-space, as well as the comparably extreme efficiency of long-range flights for moving between cities. Finally, the whole image proposes a coherent representation of the geographical time-space where fast city to city transport is combined with slow terrestrial systems that allow to reach any location.

scholarly journals What Is the Shape of Geographical Time-Space? A Three-Dimensional Model Made of Curves and Cones

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Alain L’Hostis ◽  
Farouk Abdou
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Relative Difficulty ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Time Space

Geographical time-spaces exhibit a series of properties, including space inversion, that turns any representation effort into a complex task. In order to improve the legibility of the representation and leveraging the advances of three-dimensional computer graphics, the aim of the study is to propose a new method extending time-space relief cartography introduced by Mathis and L’Hostis. The novelty of the model resides in the use of cones to describing the terrestrial surface instead of graph faces, and in the use of curves instead of broken segments for edges. We implement the model on the Chinese space. The Chinese geographical time-space of reference year 2006 is produced by the combination and the confrontation of the fast air transport system and of the 7.5-times slower road transport system. Slower, short range flights are represented as curved lines above the earth surface with longer length than the geodesic, in order to account for a slower speed. The very steep slope of cones expresses the relative difficulty of crossing terrestrial time-space, as well as the comparably extreme efficiency of long-range flights for moving between cities. Finally, the whole image proposes a coherent representation of the geographical time-space where fast city-to-city transport is combined with slow terrestrial systems that allow one to reach any location.

Three-Dimensional Model for Virtual Surgical Simulation, during Complex Skull Base Surgery and Aneurysm Surgery

Skull Base ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akio Morita ◽  
Toshikazu Kimura ◽  
Shigeo Sora ◽  
Kengo Nishimura ◽  
Hisayuki Sugiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Surgical Simulation ◽  
Skull Base Surgery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Aneurysm Surgery ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model
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