A Progressive Interpretation of the Environmental Liability Directive

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
Pal Wenneras

AbstractThis article focuses on the interpretation of Directive 2004/35 on the prevention and remedying of environmental damage (Environmental Liability Directive). It singles out eight core issues which are likely to become the subject of future litigation before the European Court of Justice. These are the Directive's scope, exceptions and defences, failures to implement associated Directives, biodiversity damage, orphan damage, prevention, remediation, and enforcement. The analysis is informed by the judicial activism employed by the Court in recent years. The Court's approach has safeguarded the effectiveness of environmental directives, and their compatibility with general principles of EC environmental law. It is argued that the Court will apply a similar teleological approach as regards the Environmental Liability Directive, which should bring about a more stringent regime than its wording at first glance might suggest.

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-574
Author(s):  
Boas Kümper

The report surveys in two parts the development of the law on project-related planning and thus relates in particular to the planning and approval of space-consuming infrastructure projects such as traffic routes and power lines. For this purpose, German administrative law has long provided for the specific instrument of plan approval (Planfeststellung). In this context, the Federal Administrative Court has extensive first-instance jurisdiction and uses this to shape large parts of German approval law, including beyond the actual area of plan approval law, be it in terms of legal protection and procedure, be it with regard to the requirements of substantive environmental law. On the other hand, the revision of the law on environmental protection induced by the decisions of the Aarhus Compliance Committee and the European Court of Justice has been used by the German legislator to extend procedural specifics of the plan approval to other approval decisions of environmental relevance. This firstly indicates the contours of a general law on project approval and, secondly, the nature of the plan approval as an instrument for the implementation of projects in the public interest is more strongly emphasized.


ICL Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios E. Kouroutakis

AbstractInstitutions such as the US Supreme Court and the European Court of Justice in due time have developed a status of supremacy through judicial activism. The main target of the article is to identify the judicial activism exercised by these Courts and to reason its need in the legal order. In the first part the US Supreme Court and the European Court of Justice are placed in the overall polity that they belong to and the development of their status and their characteristics are analyzed. The major concern of the first part is to examine how those declared their supremacy and focus on major cases and their reason­ing.In the second part the extent of the judicial supremacy in each legal order is discussed and its effects in the decision making process are examined. The assumption that judicial activ­ism is acceptable only if it expresses consensus in the legal order is tested and it is argued that up to an extent, Judicial Activism does not distort the political agenda when it ex­presses the consensus of the legal system. Finally, it is argued that when such activism exceeds the boundaries of the consensus, the other actors in the legal system would even­tually react and would limit such activism.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Yordanka Noneva-Zlatkova

AbstractWith the development of the internal market, the need to establish rules ensuring the protection of creditors in insolvency proceedings with a cross-border effect is increasing. Mechanisms at national level are difficult to provide the desired protection for foreign creditors. Since 26.06.2017 EU has a new Regulation 848/2015 which repeals the current Regulation 1346/2000. Despite the radical changes, it is attempting to implement this legislative act, the main objective of insolvency proceedings remains unchanged, namely, to achieve fair satisfaction of creditors. One of the mechanisms for the realisation of this objective are avoidance actions with international element for filling the insolvency estate. In view of the specifics of the procedure, the standard civil law mechanisms such as the Actio Pauliana are not impossible but are extremely inadequate and difficult to prove. In the practice of the Member States, many issues arise concerning the determination of jurisdiction and applicable law, creation of preconditions for the abuse in searching the most favourable legal system (forum shopping), there are differences in the so-called ‘suspicious periods’ and transactions concluded with affiliates. On this basis a fundamental jurisprudence of the CJEU has been enacted, the achievement of which will be the subject of this paper.


2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-286
Author(s):  
Boas Kümper

Zusammenfassung Der Bericht informiert in zwei Teilen über den Entwicklungsstand des Rechts der vorhabenbezogenen Fachplanung und betrifft damit namentlich die Planung und Zulassung raumbeanspruchender Infrastrukturvorhaben wie Verkehrswege und Energieleitungen. Hierfür sieht das deutsche Verwaltungsrecht das spezifische Instrument der Planfeststellung vor. Das Bundesverwaltungsgericht verfügt in diesem Zusammenhang über eine weitreichende erstinstanzliche Zuständigkeit und prägt mittels dieser weite Teile des deutschen Zulassungsrechts, auch über den eigentlichen Bereich des Planfeststellungsrechts hinaus, sei es bezüglich des Rechtsschutzes und des Verfahrens, insbesondere der Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfung, sei es bezüglich der Anforderungen des materiellen Umweltrechts. Die durch Entscheidungen des Aarhus Compliance Committee und des Europäischen Gerichtshofs induzierte Überarbeitung des Rechts des Umweltrechtsschutzes hat der deutsche Gesetzgeber andererseits zum Anlass genommen, verfahrensrechtliche Spezifika der Planfeststellung auf andere umweltrelevante Zulassungsentscheidungen zu erstrecken. Hierdurch deuten sich erstens Konturen eines allgemeinen Vorhabenzulassungsrechts an und wird zweitens die Eigenart der Planfeststellung als Instrument zur Durchsetzung von Vorhaben im öffentlichen Interesse stärker akzentuiert. Abstract The report surveys in two parts the development of the law on project-related planning and thus relates in particular to the planning and approval of space-consuming infrastructure projects such as traffic routes and power lines. For this purpose, German administrative law has long provided for the specific instrument of plan approval (Planfeststellung). In this context, the Federal Administrative Court has extensive first-instance jurisdiction and uses this to shape large parts of German approval law, including beyond the actual area of plan approval law, be it in terms of legal protection and procedure, be it with regard to the requirements of substantive environmental law. On the other hand, the revision of the law on environmental protection induced by the decisions of the Aarhus Compliance Committee and the European Court of Justice has been used by the German legislator to extend procedural specifics of the plan approval to other approval decisions of environmental relevance. This firstly indicates the contours of a general law on project approval and, secondly, the nature of the plan approval as an instrument for the implementation of projects in the public interest is more strongly emphasized.


Teisė ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
Deividas Soloveičikas

Ši publikacija skiriama pozityviosios viešųjų pirkimų teisės nereguliuojamai temai – vidaus sandorių iš­imčiai. Straipsnyje siekiama pateikti vidaus sandorių išimties koncepcijos analizę, Europos Teisingumo Teismo jurisprudenciją šioje srityje, taip pat ištirti, kokios yra praktinės vidaus sandorių sudarymo Lietu­voje ir Europos Sąjungoje galimybės ir prielaidos. This article is dedicated to the analysis of the subject that is not regulated by the substantive law – in-house procurement. The author seeks to examine the whole concept of the in-house procurement as well as the case-law of the European Court of Justice related to the mentioned field. Besides, it is the aim of this publication to investigate the pragmatic possibilities of the in-house procurement in Lithuanian jurisdiction as well as within the European Community dimension.


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