XML Annotation of Hebrew Elements in Judeo-Arabic Texts

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. H. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Code Switching ◽  
Extensible Markup Language ◽  
Markup Language ◽  
Text Encoding ◽  
Text Encoding Initiative ◽  
Extensible Markup

Abstract The main aim of this study is to introduce a model of TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) annotation of Hebrew elements in Judeo-Arabic texts, i.e., code switching (CS), borrowing, and Hebrew quotations. This article will provide an introduction to using XML (Extensible Markup Language) to investigate sociolinguistic aspects in medieval Judeo-Arabic texts. Accordingly, it will suggest to what extent using XML is useful for investigating linguistic and sociolinguistic features in the Judeo-Arabic paradigm. To provide an example for how XML annotation could be applied to Judeo-Arabic texts, a corpus of 300 pages selected from three Judeo-Arabic books has been manually annotated using the TEI P5. The annotation covers all instances of CS, borrowing, and Hebrew quotations in that corpus.

Markup Technology and Textual Scholarship

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Huitfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Critical Edition ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Extensible Markup Language ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Markup Language ◽  
Text Encoding ◽  
Textual Scholarship ◽  
Extensible Markup ◽  
Future Potential

This chapter describes how digital critical edition supposes a mastery of markup systems, providing an overview in the form of an inventory of standards, and of markup, presentation, and archiving techniques. It discusses the state of the art while focusing on key architectures and techniques considered as the basis of digital critical edition. The chapter introduces some aspects of markup technology that are particularly relevant to textual scholarship, such as the Extensible Markup Language (XML) and the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), and considers some of their limitations, possibilities, and future potential. Since there is no need to be conversant with all aspects and details of the markup technology, most of what is covered here is of a general nature, albeit focusing on issues assumed to be of particular relevance for textual scholarship.

Standard Method for Describing an Electronic Patient Record Template: Application of XML to Share Domain Knowledge

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yamazaki ◽  
Y. Satomura
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Electronic Patient Record ◽  
Patient Record ◽  
Extensible Markup Language ◽  
Markup Language ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Extensible Markup

Abstract:A Template Definition Language (TDL) was developed to share knowledge of how to construct an electronic patient record (EPR) template. Based on the extensible markup language XML, TDL has been designed to be independent of EPR platforms or databases. Our research of TDL was conducted through evaluation of the description of various templates in the currently available EPRs and through comparisons with some electronic clinical guidelines. We conclude that TDL is sufficient for the objective but still needs improvement of the algorithm for describing dynamic changes.

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