Domain-Specific Languages for Workflows.A Systematic Literature Review

This paper aims to provide an overview of the complete process in the development of a Domain-Specific Language (DSL). It explains the construction steps such as preliminary research, language implementation, and evaluation. Moreover, it provides details for different key components which are commonly found in the DSLs such as the abstraction layer, DSL metamodel, and the applications. It also explains the general limitations related to the Domain-Specific Languages for Workflows.

Generic Ownership: a Practical Approach to Ownership and Confinement in Object-Oriented Programming Languages

<p>Modern object-oriented programming languages support many techniques that simplify the work of a programmer. Among them is generic types: the ability to create generic descriptions of algorithms and object structures that will be automatically specialised by supplying the type information when they are used. At the same time, object-oriented technologies still suffer from aliasing: the case of many objects in a program's memory referring to the same object via different references. Ownership types enforce encapsulation in object-oriented programs by ensuring that objects cannot be referred to from the outside of the object(s) that own them. Existing ownership programming languages either do not support generic types or attempt to add them on top of ownership restrictions. The goal of this work is to bring object ownership into mainstream object-oriented programming languages. This thesis presents Generic Ownership which provides perobject ownership on top of a generic imperative language. Surprisingly, the resulting system not only provides ownership guarantees comparable to the established systems, but also requires few additional language mechanisms to achieve them due to full reuse of generic types. In this thesis I formalise the core of Generic Ownership, highlighting that the restriction of this calls, owner preservation over subtyping, and appropriate owner nesting are the only necessary requirements for ownership. I describe two formalisms: (1) a simple formalism, capturing confinement in a functional setting, and (2) a complete formalism, providing a way for Generic Ownership to support both deep and shallow variations of ownership types. I support the formal work by describing how the Ownership Generic Java (OGJ) language is implemented as a minimal extension to Java 5. OGJ is the first publicly available language implementation that supports ownership, confinement, and generic types at the same time. I demonstrate OGJ in practice: show how to use OGJ to write programs and provide insights into the implementations of Generic Ownership.</p>

Generic Ownership: a Practical Approach to Ownership and Confinement in Object-Oriented Programming Languages

<p>Modern object-oriented programming languages support many techniques that simplify the work of a programmer. Among them is generic types: the ability to create generic descriptions of algorithms and object structures that will be automatically specialised by supplying the type information when they are used. At the same time, object-oriented technologies still suffer from aliasing: the case of many objects in a program's memory referring to the same object via different references. Ownership types enforce encapsulation in object-oriented programs by ensuring that objects cannot be referred to from the outside of the object(s) that own them. Existing ownership programming languages either do not support generic types or attempt to add them on top of ownership restrictions. The goal of this work is to bring object ownership into mainstream object-oriented programming languages. This thesis presents Generic Ownership which provides perobject ownership on top of a generic imperative language. Surprisingly, the resulting system not only provides ownership guarantees comparable to the established systems, but also requires few additional language mechanisms to achieve them due to full reuse of generic types. In this thesis I formalise the core of Generic Ownership, highlighting that the restriction of this calls, owner preservation over subtyping, and appropriate owner nesting are the only necessary requirements for ownership. I describe two formalisms: (1) a simple formalism, capturing confinement in a functional setting, and (2) a complete formalism, providing a way for Generic Ownership to support both deep and shallow variations of ownership types. I support the formal work by describing how the Ownership Generic Java (OGJ) language is implemented as a minimal extension to Java 5. OGJ is the first publicly available language implementation that supports ownership, confinement, and generic types at the same time. I demonstrate OGJ in practice: show how to use OGJ to write programs and provide insights into the implementations of Generic Ownership.</p>

Baseline Assessment of Children’s Meals and Healthy Beverage Options Prior to a State-Level Healthy Default Beverage (HDB) Law

In January 2020, Hawai‘i became the second state with a healthy default beverage (HDB) law, requiring restaurants to offer HDBs with their children’s meals. This observational study presents baseline characteristics of restaurants with a children’s menu and meal, and describes pre-law beverage options to inform future HDB policy language, implementation, and evaluation. Between November and December 2019, data were collected from a statewide sample of unique restaurants (n=383) with health inspection permits. Restaurants were assessed separately for a children’s menu and meal using website reviews, telephone calls, and in-person visits. Meals were evaluated in February 2020 for pre-law beverage type and compliance. Logistic regression was used to estimate the likelihood of having a children’s menu and meal. Most of the restaurants were full-service (70.2%) and non-chains (67.9%). While 49.3% of restaurants had a children’s menu, only 16.7% had a meal. Significant predictors of having a children’s menu were being full-service (OR=2.09; p=0.004), national/international (OR=5.32; p<0.001) or local chains (OR=1.99; p=0.03), neighbor island (non-Honolulu) locations (OR=2.49; p<0.001), and hotel locations (OR=3.77; p<0.001). Only being a national/international chain significantly predicted having a children’s meal (OR=7.57; p<0.001). Although 35.9% of children’s meals offered a non-sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) option, only 3.1% offered law-compliant beverages. Inclusion of an SSB default option (60.9%) and not specifying the type of default beverage were the predominant factors for pre-law non-compliance. Results support the need for HDB regulations, especially for national/international chains, which were most likely to have children’s meals, and provide data to inform policies in other jurisdictions.

Ecological consciousness of the XXI century human and the ways of its verbalization in the media discourse environment

The paper aims at studying and analyzing the language implementation of the development of peoples ecological consciousness in the present-day Russian and English-speaking media discourse environment. The modern media discourse has become an important source of various environmental lexical units which can affect peoples consciousness and change their behavior in a more eco-friendly way. The research is based on two parallel and opposite scientific approaches integrated in the media discourse which are ecologisation and anthropocentrism. The study is built on the analysis of the language models of ecological issues in different popular national and international media editions of Russia and English-speaking countries; in TV documentaries; on YouTube channels; in eco-friendly bloggers speeches and texts. The findings of the research showed that the media discourse environment is actively inculcating green ideas into peoples consciousness today both in Russia and abroad. More people are trying to follow the conscious consumption lifestyle. The media language is also becoming an important tool in introducing new environmental lexical units - neologisms - which are easily disseminated in the media discourse space and are actively being adopted by society. Overall, this research has confirmed the idea that the present-day language of the media discourse space is a powerful mediator of a new life sustainable development philosophy which helps human consciousness evolve in an eco-friendly way and try to make our planet a safer, healthier and more comfortable place for living.

Holistic Analysis and Management of Distributed Social Systems

The paper describes the use of invented, developed, and tested in different countries of the high-level spatial grasp model and technology capable of solving important problems in large social systems, which may be represented as dynamic, self-evolving and distributed social networks. The approach allows us to find important solutions on a holistic level by spatial navigation and parallel pattern matching of social networks with active self-propagating scenarios represented in a special recursive language. This approach effectively hides inside the distributed and networked language implementation traditional system management routines, often providing hundreds of times shorter and simpler high-level solution code. The paper highlights the demands to efficient simulation of social systems, briefs the technology used, and provides some programming examples for solutions of practical problems.