Four new species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) from the Amazon basin and the Guiana Shield

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 286 (4) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
FERNANDA NUNES CABRAL ◽  
VOLKER BITTRICH ◽  
MARIA DO CARMO ESTANISLAU DO AMARAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Guiana Shield ◽  
White Sand ◽  
Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽  
Fruit Surface

Four new species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) are described and illustrated: Caraipa balbinensis, endemic to Balbina (Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas, Brazil), C. caespitosa growing in savannah and white-sand vegetation in Roraima and Amazonas (Brazil), Guainía (Colombia) and Amazonas (Venezuela), C. davilae, an endemic species of Loreto (Peru), and C. macrocarpa, an endemic species to Guyana. Morphological comparisons with the similar taxa are provided for each new species: C. balbinensis can be distinguished from C. heterocarpa by its longer leaves and petioles, and its slightly rugulose fruit surface; C. caespitosa can be separated from C. grandifolia and C. longipedicellata by its distinguished habit, and its smaller leaves and inflorescences; C. davilae differs from C. balbinensis and C. grandifolia by its dense indument on the abaxial leaf surface, and its rugulose and concave fruit valves; and C. macrocarpa can be distinguished from C. punctulata by its large, glabrous and rugulose fruits.

Two new endemic species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) from the Central Amazon Basin, Amazonas State, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 311 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
FERNANDA NUNES CABRAL ◽  
VOLKER BITTRICH ◽  
MARIA DO CARMO ESTANISLAU DO AMARAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Leaf Lamina ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
White Sand ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Amazonas State ◽  
Fruit Surface

Two new species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) are described and illustrated: Caraipa glabra and C. iracemensis. Both species are known only from the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas state, Brazil. They both occur on patches of white-sand vegetation and they are locally abundant. Caraipa glabra is a small tree and can be distinguished from other Caraipa species by the complete absence of hairs on the leaf lamina, pedicel and fruits. Caraipa iracemensis is morphologically similar to C. grandifolia and C. caespitosa, and can be distinguished by its habit, leaves and petiole size, as well as fruit surface and size.

A new Philippine endemic species and new records of Lasianthus (Lasiantheae, Rubiaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 288 (3) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD JEFTE C. ARSHED ◽  
GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽  
Stem Leaf ◽  
A New Species

A new species named as Lasianthus halconensis from Mt. Halcon, Mindoro, Philippines is described and illustrated. This species is easily distinguished from the other Lasianthus by having strigose indumentum on branches, abaxial leaf surface, petioles and calyx; lanceolate leaves, cuneate at base; obconical calyx and drupes with 8 pyrenes. This species is allied to L. obliquinervis and L. chrysoneurus but differs in stem, leaf and calyx indumentum, leaf and calyx shape and the absence of bracts. Moreover, three new records of Lasianthus in the country are reported including their diagnosis.

Flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from a white-sand habitat in the Brazilian Amazon, with the description of four new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4504 (3) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
FERNANDO DA SILVA CARVALHO-FILHO ◽  
INOCÊNCIO DE SOUSA GORAYEB ◽  
JÉSSICA MARIA MENEZES SOARES ◽  
MATHEUS TAVARES DE SOUZA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Flesh Fly ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
White Sand ◽  
Flesh Flies

The white-sand enclaves in the Amazon Basin are small areas scattered through the tropical forest, with sandy and nutrient-poor soils and an unusual vegetation type. The insect fauna of this ecosystem is poorly known, especially in the eastern Amazon. The flesh fly fauna of an area of open herbaceous white-sand vegetation known as “Campo Redondo” in the municipality of Cametá, state of Pará, was surveyed, resulting in the discovery of 43 species in 11 genera representing the subfamilies Sarcophaginae and Miltogramminae. Four new species are described: Dexosarcophaga (Dexosarcophaga) campina sp. nov., Helicobia cametaensis sp. nov., Helicobia domquixote sp. nov., and Metopia fofo sp. nov. Lepidodexia (Lepidodexia) grisea Lopes and Lepidodexia (Notochaeta) setifrons (Lopes) are newly recorded from Brazil. Dexosarcophaga (Bezzisca) ampullula (Engel), D. (Dexosarcophaga) transita Townsend and Titanogrypa (Cucullomyia) larvicida (Lopes) are newly recorded from the Brazilian Amazon. 

Cryptic speciation in the herbaceous bamboo genus Piresia (Poaceae, Olyreae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria L Silveira de Carvalho ◽  
Izabela S D de Jesus ◽  
Rilquer M da Silva ◽  
Kelly R B Leite ◽  
Alessandra S Schnadelbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Niche Modelling ◽  
The North ◽  
Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽  
Herbaceous Bamboos ◽  
North Eastern

Abstract Piresia, a small genus of herbaceous bamboos, has a geographical disjunction between the Caribbean and northern/western South America and the north-eastern Atlantic Forest in Brazil. Piresia leptophylla is reported from western Amazonia (WA) and the north-eastern Atlantic Forest (NAF), but its occurrence in western Amazonia is questionable. Using an integrative approach, we combined traditional morphological analysis, anatomy and niche modelling. The results revealed few macromorphological differences between WA and NAF specimens (only plant height, leaf length, lodicule dimensions, shape and position), contrasting with consistent differences in leaf anatomy (macrohairs and cruciform silica bodies in the costal zone of the adaxial/abaxial leaf surfaces, crenate silica bodies on the abaxial leaf surface, lack of panicoid hairs on the abaxial leaf surface, bicellular microhairs and lobed papillae over the abaxial leaf surface, and sparse but elongated fusoid cells in the mesophyll of WA specimens) and in niche patterns. The anatomical/micromorphological characters suggest environmental adaptations to the Amazonian and ‘restinga’ forests, respectively. We therefore propose the segregation of the WA populations into a new species, Piresia tenella sp. nov. We provide a formal description, photographs, a line illustration, a distribution map and discussion of the conservation status for the new species.

Rubus prissanicus (Rosaceae), a new bramble species from North West Poland

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 344 (3) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIOTR KOSIŃSKI ◽  
TOMASZ MALIŃSKI ◽  
ELWIRA SLIWINSKA ◽  
JERZY ZIELIŃSKI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Broadleaf Forest ◽  
North West ◽  
Inflorescence Axis ◽  
Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Main Component ◽  
North Western ◽  
Forest Habitats

Rubus prissanicus, a new regional apomictic species, is described from north-western Poland. It is similar to R. lindleianus and R. langei, however it differs from the former species by broader leaflets and less numerous prickles on the inflorescence axis, and from the latter by unequally serrate leaflet margin, and from both these species by different types of trichomes on abaxial leaflet surface. Unlike other Polish species of R. ser. Rhamnifolii, in which the indumentum of abaxial leaf surface consists mainly of branched hairs, simple trichomes are the main component of indumentum of R. prissanicus leaves. The new species has been observed mainly on fertile soils, in broadleaf forest habitats, usually in fairly sunny places, along forest margins, by forest roads, in clearings, and in wayside thickets.

Paris lihengiana (Melanthiaceae: Parideae), a new species from Yunnan, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 392 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHUN XU ◽  
NENG WEI ◽  
YING TAN ◽  
SHUAI PENG ◽  
VERONICAH MUTELE NGUMBAU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Plastid Markers ◽  
A New Species

Paris lihengiana (Melanthiaceae), a new species from Yunnan Province, China, is described and illustrated based on evidence from morphological characters and molecular phylogeny. It differs from other species of Paris in its pubescent stem, pedicel and abaxial leaf surface, as well as other characters. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of 33 taxa in Paris was conducted based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and six plastid markers. Paris lihengiana is supported as a new species by both morphological characters and molecular data.

Begonia tadungensis (Begonia sect. Platycentrum), a new species from southern Vietnam

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 449 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
TRUONG VAN DO ◽  
ANH NGOC DAM LUU ◽  
WEN-KE DONG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Breeding System ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽  
A New Species

We here describe and illustrate Begonia tadungensis (B. sect. Platycentrum), a new species from southern Vietnam. The new species is most similar to B. albopunctata in having broadly ovate leaves, three free styles, 4-loculed ovary, and berry-like fruits with a beaked apex, but differs mainly in having a glabrous abaxial leaf surface (not densely red pubescent), and fruits with gray puberlous hairs (not white papillose). It is also similar to B. pendens in its broadly ovate leaves and monoecious breeding system, but differs in having 6 tepals in the pistillate flowers (not 5) and 4-loculed ovaries (not 3-loculed). Information on ecology, conservation status, and a further comparison of characters with these two similar species is also provided.

Burmeistera quimiensis (Lobelioideae, Campanulaceae): A new species from the Cordillera del Cóndor range in southeast Ecuador

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 433 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
BROCK MASHBURN ◽  
ÁLVARO J. PÉREZ ◽  
CLAES PERSSON ◽  
NICOLÁS ZAPATA ◽  
DANIELA CEVALLOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽  
Revolute Margin ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Biological Reserve

A new taxon belonging to the genus Burmeistera (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae) is described from El Quimi Biological Reserve in Morona Santiago Province, southeast Ecuador. Burmeistera quimiensis is characterized by its red-violet stems and veins, spiral phyllotaxy, bullate, ascending leaves with a revolute margin, puberulous abaxial leaf surface, cupuliform hypanthia, and thick-walled white to red-violet fruits with reflexed pedicels. Photos of the new species are given, as well as a distribution map of known collection localities, and its relationships with other species are discussed.

scholarly journals An analysis of the floristic composition and diversity of Amazonian forests including those of the Guiana Shield

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANS TER STEEGE ◽  
DANIEL SABATIER ◽  
HERNAN CASTELLANOS ◽  
TINDE VAN ANDEL ◽  
JOOST DUIVENVOORDEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Guiana Shield ◽  
Large Area ◽  
White Sand

A large number of newly published and unpublished hectare plots in Amazonia and the Guiana Shield area allow an analysis of family composition and testing of hypotheses concerning alpha-diversity in the south American rain forest. Using data from 94 plots the family-level floristic patterns in wet tropical South America are described. To test diversity patterns, 268 plots are used in this large area. Contrary to a widely held belief, western Amazonian plots are not necessarily the most diverse. Several central Amazonian plots have equal or even higher tree diversity. Annual rainfall is not a good estimator for tree diversity in the Amazonia area and Guiana shield. Plots in the Guiana Shield area (and eastern Amazonia) usually have lower diversity than those in central or western Amazonia. It is argued that this is not because of low rainfall or low nutrient status of the soil but because of the small area of the relatively isolated rain forest area in eastern Amazonia and the Guiana Shield. The low diversity on nutrient-poor white sand soils in the Amazon basin is not necessarily due to their low nutrient status but is, at least partly, caused by their small extent and fragmented nature.

Cladistic analysis of the Stygninae and description of a new species of Protimesius Roewer, 1913 (Opiliones: Stygnidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2176 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICARDO PINTO-DA-ROCHA ◽  
OSVALDO VILLARREAL MANZANILLA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Guiana Shield ◽  
Ventral Plate ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Stygnidae is described from the state of Bahia, Brazil. Protimesius bahiensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from the remaining species of the genus by the combination of: male femur IV unarmed and cylindrical; male patella IV with a row of large dorsal acute tubercles, increasing in size distally and male tibia IV with one mesodistal tubercle; ventral plate of the penis with three pairs of distal curved setae and one pair of intermediate setae, smaller than the rest. A cladistic analysis of the subfamily is presented. Stygninae is divided in two groups of genera: (Ricstygnus, Stygnus, Sickesia), with a wide distribution and (Pickeliana (Protimesius (Phareus (Stenophareus (Auranus (Verrucastygnus, Stenostygnoides)))))), associated to the Guiana Shield, Amazon basin and Northeastern Brazil. The monophyly of Protimesius is supported by the apex of pedipalpal tibia sockets bifid (homoplastically present in Verrucastygnus and Stenostygnoides) and by the presence of scopulae with non-spatulated hairs.

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