Trucidocynodon riograndensis gen. nov. et sp. nov. (Eucynodontia), a new cynodont from the Brazilian Upper Triassic (Santa Maria Formation)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2382 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
TÉO VEIGA DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
MARINA BENTO SOARES ◽  
CESAR LEANDRO SCHULTZ
Keyword(s):  
Upper Triassic ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Morphological Gradient ◽  
Caudal Vertebrae ◽  
Secondary Palate ◽  
Limb Posture ◽  
Posterior Trunk ◽  
Santa Maria

An almost complete skeleton of a new carnivorous cynodont from the Upper Triassic of Southern Brazil, Trucidocynodon riograndensis gen. nov. et sp. nov., is described. The new taxon is very similar to Ecteninion lunensis Martinez et al. 1996 from Upper Triassic of Argentina (Ischigualasto Formation). Both have an elongated skull, large pterygoid flanges, a well developed orbitosphenoid, a relatively short osseous secondary palate, greatly developed canines and sectorial postcanines with posteriorly directed cusps. However, the new taxon shows some differences relative to E. lunensis such as an open pterygoparoccipital foramen, the posterior opening of the post-temporal foramen enclosed by tabular and squamosal, and upper incisors with serrated cutting edges. The more remarkable features of the postcranium of T. riograndensis are the presence of 32 presacral vertebrae, a greater number than in most of non-mammaliaform cynodonts, the accentuated lumbarisation of the posterior trunk vertebrae and a remarkable morphological gradient in the caudal vertebrae; the femur and humerus show some interesting adaptations suggesting a more upright limb posture. The overall morphology of the astragalocalcaneal complex is similar to that of Diademodon and of the therocephalian Bauria.

Lacertoid footprints from the Upper Triassic (Santa Maria Formation) of Southern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 262 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 140-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Costa da Silva ◽  
Jorge Ferigolo ◽  
Ismar de Souza Carvalho ◽  
Antonio Carlos Sequeira Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Santa Maria

Barysoma lenzii (Synapsida: Dicynodontia) from the Middle Triassic of Brazil, a synonym of Stahleckeria potens

1993 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer G. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Subjective Synonym

Huene (1935) first reported dicynodonts from the Triassic Santa Maria Formation of southern Brazil. Most common are specimens of Dinodontosaurus from localities near Chiniquà (Chiniquà local fauna) and near Candelaria (Candelaria local fauna) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The other Middle Triassic dicynodont found near Chiniquà is the huge (about 3 m body length) Stahleckeria potens, and an equally large Middle Triassic dicynodont, Barysoma lenzii, is known from near Candelaria. A fourth, supposed Santa Maria Formation dicynodont, Jachaleria candelariensis (Araújo and Gonzaga, 1990), is actually from a younger, Upper Triassic, horizon of the Caturrita Formation near Candelaria (Bonaparte, 1982). Here, I argue that Barysoma lenzii is a junior subjective synonym of Stahleckeria potens and discuss the biochronological significance of this synonymy.

The anatomy and phylogenetic position of the Triassic dinosaur Staurikosaurus pricei Colbert, 1970

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2079 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONATHAS DE SOUZA BITTENCOURT ◽  
ALEXANDER WILHELM ARMIN KELLNER
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Sister Taxon ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Caudal Vertebrae ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Santa Maria

We redescribe the holotype of the saurischian dinosaur Staurikosaurus pricei Colbert, 1970 from Late Triassic Santa Maria Formation (southern Brazil), following additional preparation that revealed new anatomical features. A revised diagnosis is proposed and the published synapomorphies for Dinosauria and less inclusive clades (e.g. Saurischia) are evaluated for this species. Some characters previously identified as present in the holotype, including the intramandibular joint, hyposphene-hypantrum articulations in dorsal vertebrae, and a cranial trochanter and trochanteric shelf on the femur, cannot be confirmed due to poor preservation or are absent in the available material. In addition, postcranial characters support a close relationship between S. pricei and Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis Reig, 1963 (Late Triassic, Argentina), forming the clade Herrerasauridae. Several pelvic and vertebral characters support the placement of S. pricei as a saurischian dinosaur. Within Saurischia, characters observed in the holotype, including the anatomy of the dentition and caudal vertebrae, support theropod affinities. However, the absence of some characters observed in the clades Theropoda and Sauropodomorpha suggests that S. pricei is not a member of Eusaurischia. Most morphological characters discussed in previous phylogenetic studies cannot be assessed for S. pricei because of the incompleteness of the holotype and only known specimen. The phylogenetic position of S. pricei is constrained by that of its sister taxon H. ischigualastensis, which is known from much more complete material.

scholarly journals A new prozostrodontian cynodont (Therapsida) from the Late Triassic Riograndia Assemblage Zone (Santa Maria Supersequence) of Southern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1673-1691 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARINA B. SOARES ◽  
AGUSTÍN G. MARTINELLI ◽  
TÉO V. DE OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Single Specimen ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Assemblage Zone ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Partial Crown

We report here on a new prozostrodontian cynodont, Botucaraitherium belarminoi gen. et sp. nov., from the Late Triassic Riograndia Assemblage Zone (AZ) of the Candelária Sequence (Santa Maria Supersequence), collected in the Botucaraí Hill Site, Candelária Municipality, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The new taxon is based on a single specimen (holotype MMACR-PV-003-T) which includes the left lower jaw, without postdentary bones, bearing the root of the last incisor, canine and four postcanines plus one partial crown inside the dentary, not erupted, and two maxillary fragments, one with a broken canine and another with one postcanine. The features of the lower jaw and lower/upper postcanines resemble those of the prozostrodontians Prozostrodon brasiliensis from the older Hyperodapedon AZ and Brasilodon quadrangularis and Brasilitherium riograndensis from the same Riograndia AZ. The inclusion of Botucaraitherium within a broad phylogenetic analysis, positioned it as a more derived taxon than tritylodontids, being the sister-taxon of Brasilodon, Brasilitherium plus Mammaliaformes. Although the new taxon is based on few cranial elements, it represents a additional faunal component of the Triassic Riograndia AZ of southern Brazil, in which small-sized derived non-mammaliaform cynodonts, closely related to the origin of mammaliaforms, were ecologically well succeed and taxonomically diverse.

A new aetosaur genus (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3166 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIA B. DESOJO ◽  
MARTÍN D. EZCURRA ◽  
EDIO E. KISCHLAT
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
South American ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Caudal Vertebra ◽  
Caudal Vertebrae ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Early Late

We describe the new aetosaur Aetobarbakinoides brasiliensis gen. et sp. nov. from the early Late Triassic (late Carnian-early Norian) Brazilian Santa Maria Formation. The holotype is composed of a partial postcranium including several cer-vical and dorsal vertebrae and ribs, one anterior caudal vertebra, right scapula, right humerus, right tibia, partial right pes,and anterior and mid-dorsal paramedian osteoderms. Aetobarbakinoides is differentiated from other aetosaurs by the pres-ence of cervical vertebrae with widely laterally extended prezygapophyses, mid-cervical vertebrae with anterior articularfacet width more than 1.2 times wider than the posterior one, anterior caudal vertebrae with extremely anteroposteriorlyshort prezygapophyses, elongated humerus and tibia in relation to the axial skeleton, and paramedian osteoderms with aweakly raised anterior bar. A cladistic analysis recovered the new species as more derived than the South American generaAetosauroides (late Carnian-early Norian) and Neoaetosauroides (late Norian-Rhaetian), and it is nested as the sister-tax-on of an unnamed clade, composed of Typothoracisinae and Desmatosuchinae, due to the absence of a ventral keel in thecervical vertebrae. Aetobarbakinoides presents a skeletal anatomy previously unknown among South American aetosaurs,with the combination of presacral vertebrae with hyposphene, anteroposteriorly short and unkeeled cervical vertebrae,gracile limbs, and paramedian osteoderms with a weakly raised anterior bar. Aetobarbakinoides is among the oldest knownaetosaurs together with Aetosauroides from Argentina and Brazil and Stagonolepis robertsoni from Scotland, indicatinga widely distributed early record for the group. In addition, the recognition of a suite of derived features in Aetobarbaki-noides, which is one of the oldest known aetosaurs, is in agreement with an older origin for the group, as it is expected by the extensive ghost lineages at the base of the main pseudosuchian clades.

Occurrence of giant stereospondyl remains in the Santa Maria Formation (Middle/Upper Triassic of southern Brazil)

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Dias-da-Silva ◽  
Sérgio Furtado Cabreira ◽  
Lúcio Roberto Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Santa Maria

A new aetosaur from the Upper Triassic of the Santa Maria Formation, southern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3764 (3) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
LÚCIO ROBERTO-DA-SILVA ◽  
JULIA B. DESOJO ◽  
SÉRGIO F. CABREIRA ◽  
ALEX S. S. AIRES ◽  
RODRIGO T. MÜLLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Santa Maria

The nasal cavity of two traversodontid cynodonts (Eucynodontia, Gomphodontia) from the Upper Triassic of Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Arymathéia Santos Franco ◽  
Rodrigo Temp Müller ◽  
Agustín G. Martinelli ◽  
Carolina A. Hoffmann ◽  
Leonardo Kerber
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Dorsal Region ◽  
Left And Right

Abstract Traversodontidae is a group of Triassic herbivorous/omnivorous cynodonts that represents the most diversified lineage within Cynognathia. In southern Brazil, a rich fossil record of late Middle/mid-Late Triassic cynodonts has been documented, with Exaeretodon riograndensis Abdala, Barberena, and Dornelles, 2002 and Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum Pavanatto et al., 2018 representing two abundant and well-documented traversodontids. The present study provides a comparative analysis of the morphology of the nasal cavity, nasal recesses, nasolacrimal duct, and maxillary canals of both species using computed tomography, highlighting the changes that occurred in parallel to the origin of mammaliaforms. Our results show that there were no ossified turbinals or a cribriform plate delimiting the posterior end of the nasal cavity, suggesting these structures were probably cartilaginous as in nonmammaliaform cynodonts. Both species show lateral ridges on the internal surface of the roof of the nasal cavity, but the median ridge for the attachment of a nasal septum is absent. Exaeretodon riograndensis and S. niemeyerorum show recesses on the dorsal region of the nasal cavity, which increase the volume of the nasal cavity, potentially enhancing the olfactory chamber and contributing to the sense of smell. On the lateral sides of the nasal cavity, the analyzed taxa show a well-developed maxillary recess. Although E. riograndensis and S. niemeyerorum have roughly similar nasal cavities, in the former taxon, the space between the left and right dorsal recesses of the nasal cavity is uniform along its entire extension, whereas this space narrows posteriorly in S. niemeyerorum. Finally, the nasolacrimal duct of S. niemeyerorum is more inclined anteroposteriorly than in E. riograndensis.

A new cockroach (Blattaria: Caloblattinidae) from the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation of Sichuan Province, southwestern China

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Yan Fang ◽  
Haichun Zhang ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Daran Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xujiahe Formation

A new genus and species of the cockroach family Caloblattinidae, Dazhublattella lini gen. et sp.n., is described from the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation of Sichuan Province, in southwestern China. The new taxon is similar to the Triassic Caloblattina mathildae (Geinitz, 1883) (Vršanský & Ansorge 2007) in the venation and pattern, but differs in the less elongated forewing with arched anterior margin. An elemental analysis of the wing is undertaken using Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis.

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