Nomenclatural problems associated with the generic names Obisium Leach, 1814, Blothrus Schiödte, 1847 and Neobisium Chamberlin, 1930 (Arachnida: Chelonethi)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3475 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK L. I. JUDSON
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Family Group ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Publication Date

Obisium Illiger, 1798 (type species Acarus cancroides Linnaeus, 1758) and Obisium Leach, 1814 (type species Chelifer trombidioides Latreille, 1804) are shown to be different nominal taxa and hence homonyms, rather than synonyms. The synonymy between Cheliferidae Westwood, 1838 (type genus Chelifer Geoffroy, 1762) and Obisiidae Sundevall, 1833 (type genus Obisium Leach, 1814) is therefore rejected. Chthonius C.L. Koch, 1843 (type species Obisium orthodactylum Leach, 1817, a junior objective synonym of Chelifer trombidioides Latreille, 1804) is a junior objective synonym of Obisium Leach, 1815. Chthoniidae Daday, 1888 (and coordinate family-group names) would therefore become a junior objective synonym of Obisiidae Sundevall, 1833 (and coordinate taxa), unless action to avoid this is taken by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Because Neobisium Chamberlin, 1930 was proposed as a replacement name for Obisium Leach, 1814, its type species must also be Chelifer trombidioides, notwithstanding Chamberlin’s (1930) statement that its type was Obisium muscorum Leach, 1817, which means that Neobisiidae Chamberlin, 1930 (and coordinate names) would be a junior objective synonym of Chthoniidae (and coordinate names). In order to avoid these highly disruptive synonymies, it is recommended that the Commission use its plenary powers to designate Obisium muscorum Leach, 1817 as the type species of Obisium Leach, 1815 and hence of Neobisium. The publication date of Blothrus Schiödte, 1847 and Blothrus spelaeum Schiödte, 1847 is clarified.

scholarly journals Catalogue of family-group names in Cerambycidae (Coleoptera)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2321 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
YVES BOUSQUET ◽  
DANIEL J. HEFFERN ◽  
PATRICE BOUCHARD ◽  
EUGENIO H. NEARNS
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Family Group ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Synoptic Classification ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family

Family-group names proposed for beetles belonging to the family Cerambycidae are catalogued and their availability is determined using the rules of the current International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. A synoptic classification of the family summarizes the validity of the names. Type genera of all family-group names are listed and the type species and stems of genera of available family-group names are included. A new family-group name, Elytracanthinini Bousquet (type genus: Elytracanthina Monn, 2005, a replacement name for Elytracantha Lane, 1955) is proposed for Elytracanthinae Lane, 1955. Ichthyosoma armatum Montrouzier, 1855 is designated as type species of Icthyosoma Boisduval, 1835. Reversal of precedence is used to preserve the validity of the following family-group names: Anaglyptides Lacordaire, 1868 (over Anaglyptisidae Gistel, 1848 [Buprestidae]); Dryobiini Arnett, 1962 (over Dryobiadae Gistel, 1856 [Ptinidae]); Hemilophitae Thomson, 1868 (over Amphionychitae Thomson, 1860) and Hétéropsides Lacordaire, 1869 (over Dichophyiaeidae Gistel, 1848). The following family-group names, although junior synonyms, are preserved as valid until an application is submitted to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature; in these cases a reversal of precedence could not be applied: Eurypodini Gahan, 1906 (over Zaracinae Pascoe, 1869); Macronides Lacordaire, 1868 (over Enchapteritae Thomson, 1861); Pyresthides Lacordaire, 1868 (over Pseudolepturitae Thomson, 1861 and Erythrinae Pascoe, 1866) and Stenoderinae Pascoe, 1867 (over Syllitae Thomson, 1864). A total of 238 valid cerambycid family-group names (413 available names) are recognized in the following 13 subfamilies: Vesperinae (1 valid family-group name), Oxypeltinae (1), Disteniinae (4), Anoplodermatinae (3), Philinae (1), Parandrinae (2), Prioninae (24), Spondylidinae (5), Necydalinae (1), Lepturinae (8), Lamiinae (80), Dorcasominae (1), and Cerambycinae (107).

scholarly journals One name to rule them all: Belinurus trilobitoides (Buckland, ) is senior synonym to fourteen named species

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Lamsdell
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Horseshoe Crabs ◽  
The Subject

One of the oldest fossil horseshoe crabs figured in the literature is Entomolithus lunatus Martin, 1809, a Carboniferous species included in his Petrificata Derbiensia. While the species has generally been included within the genus Belinurus Bronn, 1839, it was recently used as the type species of the new genus Parabelinurus Lamsdell, 2020. However, recent investigation as to the appropriate authority for Belinurus (see Lamsdell and Clapham, 2021) revealed that all the names in Petrificata Derbiensia were suppressed in Opinion 231 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1954) for being consistently nonbinomial under Article 11.4 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1999). Despite the validation of several species names for anthozoans, brachiopods, and cephalopods described in Petrificata Derbiensia in subsequent rulings (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1956a, b), Belinurus lunatus has not been the subject of any subsequent Commission ruling or opinion, and so its use in Petrificata Derbiensia remains suppressed. The Belinurus lunatus species name was used in several subsequent publications during the 1800s, none of which made the name available under ICZN article 11.5; Parkinson (1811) is also suppressed for being nonbinomial, while Woodward (1830), Buckland (1837), Bronn (1839), and Baily (1859) refer to the species only as a synonym of Belinurus trilobitoides (Buckland, 1837) through citation to the suppressed Pretificata Derbiensia. The first author to make Belinurus lunatus an available name was Baldwin (1905), who used the name in reference to a new figured specimen from Sparth Bottoms, Rochdale, UK, but again as an explicit junior synonym of Belinurus trilobitoides (Buckland, 1837). Therefore, it was not until Eller (1938) treated B. lunatus as a distinct species from B. trilobitoides that B. lunatus became an available name as per ICZN Article 11.6.1 under the authorship of Baldwin (1905) following ICZN Article 50.7.

Pagurodofleinia, a replacement generic name for Dofleinia McLaughlin & Asakura, 2004 (Crustacea: Decapoda),  preoccupied by Dofleinia Wassilieff, 1908 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa)

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1089 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
AKIRA ASAKURA
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Generic Diagnosis ◽  
International Code

It has been called to my attention that the generic name Dofleinia, established by McLaughlin and Asakura (2004) for Parapagurodes doederleini (Doflein, 1902), is a junior subjective homonym of Dofleinia Wassilieff, 1908 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniidae).  In accordance with Article 60 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1999), I now propose Pagurodofleinia as a replacement name. The type species, Catapagurus doederleini Doflein, 1902, the gender (feminine), and the etymology (named for F. Doflein who first described the type species) remain as given by McLaughlin & Asakura (2004), as does the generic diagnosis.

The correct authorship of the amphipod genus-group name Quasimodia (Senticaudata: Hyaloidea: Phliantidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4671 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-450
Author(s):  
TAKAFUMI NAKANO ◽  
JAMES K. LOWRY
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
International Code ◽  
Original Publication

The genus Quasimodia Sheard, 1936 belongs to the hyaloidean family Phliantidae, and contains four species inhabiting littoral and sublittoral habitats in Australia (J.L. Barnard 1972; Lowry & Stoddart 2003; Horton et al. 2018; Lowry & Myers 2019). This genus-group name was originally erected for three nominal species—Q. barnardi Sheard, 1936, Q. capricornis Sheard, 1936, and Q. womersleyi Sheard, 1936 (see Sheard 1936), but its type species was not fixed in the original publication. As such the name Quasimodia Sheard, 1936 is not available for nomenclatural purposes (Article 13.3 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature [hereafter Code], International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999). Later, J.L. Barnard (1969) selected Q. womersleyi as the type species for this genus-group name, but his action does not validate Quasimodia Sheard, 1936, which remains unavailable, under Article 69 of the Code. J.L. Barnard (1972) again incorrectly considered Quasimodia Sheard, 1936 as an available name. 

The neotype of the type species of the neotropical iguanian genus Phymaturus: a critical commentary on a recent opinion of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1297 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSÉ M. CEI ◽  
JOSÉ A. SCOLARO
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
The Real ◽  
Critical Commentary

The fundamental weakness of the Opinion 2118 (Case 3225) of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature is discussed. A former documented research established the Teiid identity of Lacerta palluma Molina 1782, a misidentified type species of the Iguanian genus Phymaturus, now confirmed by the Opinion. The holotype of the iguanian synonym Centrura flagellifer (Bell, 1843) is proposed as neotype of Phymaturus palluma (Molina, 1782), the misidentified type species of Gravenhorst 1837. Such a neotype should be named Phymaturus flagellifer (Bell, 1843) in agreement to the real taxonomic position of the Molina’s species, a Teiid Callopistes, a lacertilian genus strikingly distant from the iguanid genus Phymaturus.

scholarly journals New synonyms and several nomenclatural clarifications on family-group names in the Aphididae (Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1629 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUAN M. NIETO NAFRÍA ◽  
NICOLÁS PÉREZ HIDALGO ◽  
M. PILAR MIER DURANTE
Keyword(s):  
Family Group ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Nomen Dubium ◽  
The Family ◽  
Subjective Synonym

In the context of the preparation of Part of the List of Available Names of the family group taxa of the superfamily Aphidoidea for submission to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature new synonyms have been detected and several nomenclatural problems have been clarified. Three new objective synonymies are established: Drepanosiphoninae Börner, 1944 syn. nov. of Drepanosiphinae Herrich-Schaeffer, 1857, Macrosiphonini Börner, 1952 syn. nov. of Macrosiphini Wilson, 1910 and Trichosiphonini Börner & Heinze, 1957 syn. nov. of Trichosiphini Wilson, 1910. A subjective synonymy is established: Asiphonaphidina Börner, 1952 syn. nov. of Rhopalosiphina Mordvilko, 1914. Dasiina van der Goot, 1918 is an objective invalid name, and it must be replaced, if is necessary by Baizongiina Börner, 1944(1914). Nomenclatural status affecting the names Tetraneuriden, Tycheinae, Pteroclorini and Macrosiphini are clarified: Tetraneuriden is an available name, it is a valid name in some classifications but a junior subjective synonym in others; Tycheinae is an available name but it is a nomen dubium; Pteroclorini is an available but objective invalid name; and Macrosiphini Wilson, 1910(1887) takes the date of Nectarophorini Oestlund, 1887. Also the authorship and date of nomenclatural acts in the chapter on Aphids in the Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten, 1932, are clarified.

scholarly journals The species of Timarcha Samouelle, 1819 described by Linnaeus (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 986 ◽  
pp. 55-80
Author(s):  
José Miguel Vela ◽  
Miguel Ángel Alonso-Zarazaga ◽  
Mauro Daccordi
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Type Species ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Plant Data ◽  
Relevant Material

Linnaeus described five species presently included in the genus Timarcha: Chrysomela goettingensis, Tenebrio caeruleus, Tenebrio laevigatus, Tenebrio latipes, and Tenebrio rugosus. After a study of the relevant material, the identity of these species has been established. The following synonyms are proposed or confirmed: Timarcha goettingensis (Linnaeus, 1758) = T. latipes (Linnaeus, 1767), syn. nov.; Timarcha caerulea (Linnaeus, 1758), comb. nov. = T. balearica Gory, 1833, syn. nov. = T. balearica Pérez Arcas, 1865, syn. nov.; Timarcha rugosa (Linnaeus, 1767) = T. scabra (Olivier, 1807), syn. conf. = T. generosa Erichson, 1841, syn. conf.; Timarcha laevigata (Linnaeus, 1767) = T. tenebricosa (Fabricius, 1775), syn. conf.. The type of Tenebrio caeruleus is a Chrysomelidae currently belonging to genus Timarcha and therefore can no longer be considered a Tenebrionidae (Helops caeruleus) nor the type species of genus Helops. For the sake of nomenclatural stability, an application to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature to change the relative precedence of Timarcha caerulea and retain usage of T. balearica will be made. An application to change the relative precedence of Timarcha laevigata has been submitted, which would lead to the conservation of usage of T. tenebricosa as valid. Lectotypes are designated for Chrysomela goettingensis, Tenebrio latipes, Tenebrio caeruleus, Timarcha balearica Gory, T. balearica Pérez Arcas, Tenebrio rugosus, Chrysomela scabra, Timarcha generosa, Tenebrio laevigatus, and Chrysomela tenebricosa. For each of the valid species the diagnosis, distribution, and host-plant data are reported.

Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) of Portugal: genus-group names and  their type species

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1453 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
TRISTmO BRANCO
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Modern Literature ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
International Code ◽  
Senior Synonym

The type species and nomenclature are discussed in detail of the genus-group names that have been used, correctly or incorrectly, in combination with species recorded from Portugal. This work strictly adheres to the rules of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, in order to promote nomenclatural stability. The contents are strictly nomenclatural as no view is taken on the taxonomic validity or rank of the genus-group names. A total of 171 available names are examined. Evidence is provided in each case for the reasons why the stated nominal species is believed to be the validly designated type species. Many instances were found in the modern literature of type species statements not in compliance with the requirements of the Code. In most cases it is a senior synonym that is stated as type species, instead of the nominal species originally included when the genus was established. That, fortunately, does not cause nomenclatural instability but should be corrected. In three cases where nomenclatural stability is threatened, Anisoplia Schönherr, 1817, Phyllopertha Stephens, 1830, and Scarabaeus Linnaeus, 1758, it is suggested that prevailing usage should be maintained until a case is made to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature and a ruling is published.

Classification and Nomenclature of the Sandpipers (Aves: Arenariinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 3513 (1) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD C. BANKS
Keyword(s):  
Family Group ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
English Group

The sandpipers, stints, knots, turnstones, and closely related shorebirds known by a variety of distinctive English group names are so widely diverse in morphology, behavior, and ecology that 26 species have been classified under no fewer than 19 available generic names. The two species of turnstones in the genus Arenaria are sufficiently distinctive as to have been treated as a family-group (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature [ICZN] 1999, Art. 35, 36)—Arenariidae, Arenariinae, or Arenariini, depending on taxonomic viewpoint. The Surfbird, in the monotypic genus Aphriza, was included in that family-group until Jehl (1968) showed that it is more closely related to the “typical” sandpipers. As such, it became one of five distinctive monotypic genera allied with the large polytypic genus Calidris in the family-group Calidrididae, Calidridinae, or Calidridini (e.g., American Ornithologists’ Union [AOU] 1983, 1998; Dickinson 2003, Gill and Wright 2006; see Jehl 2010). Calidris had early on become the senior synonym of 14 generic names in this group of 23 species (see synonymies in Peters 1934, Hellmayr and Conover 1948, AOU 1998), some of which were already senior to other generic names (see Ridgway 1919).

Nomenclatural emendations (Cirripedia, Pedunculata) involving the family-group names Priscansermarinidae Newman, 1996, Neolepadinae Newman, 1996 & Zeugmatolepadidae Newman, 1996

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 756 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM A. NEWMAN
Keyword(s):  
Family Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
The Third ◽  
New Family ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family

The family-group names Priscansermarinidae Newman, 1996, Zeugmatolepadidae Newman, 1996, and Neolepadinae Newman, 1996 were not accompanied by a description or definition when proposed, whereby, in light of Article 13.1.1 (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999), they are nomen nudum (Grygier in lit.). It is the purpose of this note to rectify this situation. To my knowledge the first two family-group names have not appeared in print since 1996 and therefore they are proposed anew herein, as Priscansermarinidae fam. nov. and Zeugmatolepadidae fam. nov. The third family-group, the subfamily Neolepadinae Newman, 1996, has since been recognized and variously defined by subsequent authors, including Buckeridge (2000) and Southward & Jones (2004), but since neither declare it a new taxon, in light of Article 16.1 it cannot be attributed to them. On the other hand, Yamaguchi et al. (2004) divided the included genera between two new family-groups, the tribes Neolepadini and Ashinkailepadini Yamaguchi, Newman & Hashimoto, 2004. Therefore, in accordance with Art. 36.1 (the Principle of Coordination), the Neolepadinae Yamaguchi, Newman & Hashimoto, 2004, as defined by Yamaguchi et al. (2004:111), is proposed, nom. trans., herein.

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