The Neotropical species of Atractodes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), I: the A. propodeator and A. altoandinus species-groups

Four new Neotropical species of Plecia Wiedemann (Diptera: Bibionidae) are described: P. abruptavena sp. n. (Colombia), P. elsalvadorensis sp. n. (El Salvador), P. nessiae sp. n. (Brazil), and P. schusteri sp. n. (Guatemala). Additionally, P. marginata Edwards is redescribed and the male described for the first time. A discussion of Neotropical species-groups is given and three species-groups based on male terminalia are outlined to include the new taxa: the americana-group (7 species), nigra-group (13 species), and xyele-group (2 species).

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Revision of Anisepyris Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae), with description of 135 new species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4416.1.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4416 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

DIEGO N. BARBOSA ◽

CELSO O. AZEVEDO

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

New World ◽

Additional Species ◽

Neotropical Species ◽

Identification Keys ◽

Species Groups ◽

Almost All ◽

First Time ◽

Female Genital

The identity of many species of Anisepyris Kieffer is currently unknown, mostly because the available taxonomic data are not sufficiently accurate to allow for precise identifications. To solve this problem, all 121 described species were investigated, including the analyses of 115 holotypes and 26 allotypes. Almost all Neotropical species of Epyrinae and many from the Nearctic were also examined in order to recognize possible species of Anisepyris misclassified in other genera. The ten species-groups included in Anisepyris are redefined. And the female genital structures of the genus are investigated for the first time. Based on this, we recognize 119 previously described species as belonging to Anisepyris, one species is transferred to Laelius Ashmead, L. foveaticeps (Rosmann & Azevedo) comb. nov., one is transferred to Chlorepyris Kieffer, C. nigerrimus (Evans) comb. nov., and 135 new species are described to science, so that the genus is now contains 254 species. They are recorded from 31 countries of the New World. Lectotypes are designated for A. aurichalceus (Westwood) and A. planiceps (Fabricius). The previously identified species-groups are re-organized into six, and seven additional species-groups are proposed are new. Identification keys for Anisepyris species-groups and species are provided.

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Synopsis of the Neotropical Dissomphalus (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.338.1.1 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 338 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. O. Azevedo

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Neotropical Species ◽

Species Groups

The following 23 new species are described and illustrated: Dissomphalus alticlypeatus, D. bicerutus, D. cervoides, D. conicus, D. contractus, D. curviventris, D. laticephalus, D. lobicephalus, D. mandibulatus, D. manus, D. thysanus, D. filus, D. truncatus, D. umbilicus, D. spinosus, D. vampirus, D. hemisphaericus, D. ferocus, D. undatus, D. gordus, D. latimerus, D. guttus, D. strabus. Species-groups of conicus, guttus, hemisphaericus, incomptus, laticephalus, gilvipes, punctatus, rufipalpis, strabus and tuberculatus are defined. Diagnoses, descriptions of genitalia, and illustrations of D. archboldi Evans, 1969, D. chiapanus Evans, 1962, D. clypeatus Evans, 1954, D. collaris Evans, 1962, D. confusus, Ashmead, 1894, D. falcatus Evans, 1962, D. nanellus Evans, 1969, D. politus Ashmead, 1894, D. rettenmeyeri Evans, 1964 and D. tuberculatus, Ashmead, 1894 are provided. New data for D. altivolans Evans, 1954, D. apertus Kieffer, 1914, D. basidentatus Azevedo, 1999, D. bilobatus Azevedo, 1999, D. bispinulatus Evans, 1969, D. brasiliensis Kieffer, 1910, D. concavatus Azevedo, 1999, D. curvifoveatus Azevedo, 1999, D. cornutus Evans, 1964, D. digitatusAzevedo, 1999, D. dilatatus Azevedo, 1999, D. extrarramis Azevedo, 1999, D. fungosus Evans, 1979, D. gilvipes Evans, 1979, D. gigantus Azevedo, 1999, D. infissus Evans, 1969, D. krombeini Azevedo, 1999, D. linearis Azevedo, 1999, D. mirabilis Evans, 1966, D. napo Evans, 1979, D. plaumanni Evans, 1964, D. punctatus (Kieffer, 1910), D. rectilineus Azevedo, 1999, D. rufipalpis Kieffer, 1910, D. scamatus Azevedo, 1999, D. stellatus Azevedo, 1999, D. strictus Azevedo, 1999, D. subdeformis Azevedo, 1999, D. triangularis Azevedo, 1999, D. unitus Azevedo, 1999 are given. D. politus and D. tuberculatus have their lectotypes designated. A key to males of Neotropical species is included.

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Simulium (Trichodagmia) (Diptera, Simuliidae) phylogeny revisited: the Neotropical and Afrotropical connection

European Journal of Taxonomy ◽

10.5852/ejt.2021.773.1517 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 773 ◽

Author(s):

Óscar S. Molina ◽

Leonardo H. Gil-Azevedo

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Classification System ◽

Species Group ◽

Data Matrix ◽

New Classification ◽

Neotropical Species ◽

New Subgenus ◽

History Of ◽

Phylogenetic Framework ◽

Species Groups

Simulium (Trichodagmia) Enderlein, 1934 has an unstable classification system. The broader concept of the subgenus includes five species-groups resulting from an extensive history of synonymisations, often outside of a phylogenetic framework. This concept also ignores relationship hypotheses with the Afrotropical subgenera S. (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930, S. (Freemanellum) Crosskey, 1969, S. (Xenosimulium) Crosskey, 1969, and the Oviedoi species-group, with several Neotropical species of S. (Trichodagmia). We performed a morphological phylogenetic analysis to test the monophyly of S. (Trichodagmia), its species-groups, and their relationship with the above-mentioned subgenera and Oviedoi species-group. We analysed a data matrix with 69 terminal taxa and 62 characters under parsimony implied weights, with a range of concavities (k1–100), finding three categories of k. Our analysis concludes that S. (Trichodagmia) is not monophyletic, since Oviedoi and the Afrotropical subgenera group with its species-groups Tarsatum and Orbitale. Therefore, we propose a new classification for S. (Trichodagmia) by restricting it to the Orbitale species-group, revalidating S. (Hearlea) Vargas et al., 1946, S. (Hemicnetha) Enderlein, 1934, S. (Obuchovia) Rubtsov, 1947 and S. (Shewellomyia) Peterson, 1975, synonymysing S. (Xenosimulium) with S. (Anasolen), and erecting a new subgenus, S. (Disculter) subgen. nov. for Oviedoi. The geographical distribution of the groups involved is discussed.

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A taxonomic revision of the Strumigenys nitens and simulans groups (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), two Caribbean radiations of leaf litter ants

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4656 (2) ◽

pp. 335-358 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

DOUGLAS B. BOOHER ◽

MATTHEW PREBUS ◽

DAVID LUBERTAZZI

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Leaf Litter ◽

Endemic Species ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Greater Antilles ◽

The Bahamas ◽

Neotropical Species ◽

Leaf Litter Ants ◽

Species Groups

In this study, we revise two groups of cryptic leaf litter ants, the Strumigenys nitens and Strumigenys simulans species groups. These two groups are restricted to the Greater Antilles and the Bahamas. We redefine the species groups, provide a key for the five species in the S. nitens group, and differentiate the two species in the S. simulans group. Four new species are described: Strumigenys caiman sp. nov., S. economoi sp. nov., S. hubbewatyorum sp. nov., and S. zemi sp. nov. We review and provide a key for the Strumigenys fauna of Hispaniola, which comprises the two endemic species S. economoi and S. zemi, six more broadly distributed Neotropical species, and three pan-tropical “tramp” species.

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New species and color forms of Empoasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from South America

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1949.1.4 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1949 (1) ◽

pp. 51-62

Author(s):

PHILLIP STERLING SOUTHERN

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

South America ◽

Neotropical Species ◽

Species Groups

Three new Neotropical species in the genus Empoasca are described and illustrated (Empoasca bartletti n. sp., Empoasca concava n. sp., Empoasca coofa n. sp.). The species are placed in a previously published key and relationships to other species of the genus are described. Two informal species groups, the E. dolonis group and the E. papae group are described and included species are listed. Evidence for the occurrence of dimorphic color forms in the genus is discussed.

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A new species of Notalina Mosely, 1936 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) from Southeastern

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/s1676-06032012000400014 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 130-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ana Lucia Henriques-Oliveira ◽

Márcia Regina Spies ◽

Leandro Lourenço Dumas

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Abdominal Segment ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Mountain Range ◽

Neotropical Species ◽

Species Groups ◽

A New Species

The Neotropical subgenus Notalina (Neonotalina) Holzenthal, 1986 has ten described species in two species groups: brasiliana, formed by seven species from Southeastern Brazilian and Goiás State; and roraima, represented by three species from the Amazonian and Andes regions. In this paper, a new species of Notalina is described and illustrated from specimens collected in the Mantiqueira mountain range, Southeastern Brazil. The new species belongs to the brasiliana group and is easily recognized by the poorly developed dorsomesal and ventrolateral processes and the pair of mound-like protuberances located mesolaterally on abdominal segment X, and by the robust, rounded mesoventral processes and long digitate mesodorsal processes of the inferior appendages. A key to the Neotropical species in the genus is provided.

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REVISION OF NEARCTIC SPECIES OF ACTIA ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY (DIPTERA: TACHINIDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent123745-4 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 123 (4) ◽

pp. 745-776 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

James E. O’Hara

Keyword(s):

Type Locality ◽

Species Pair ◽

North West ◽

Neotropical Species ◽

Palearctic Species ◽

Recent Origin ◽

Species Groups ◽

North West Territories ◽

Phylogenetic Affinities ◽

Nearctic Region

AbstractEight species of the siphonine genus Actia Robineau-Desvoidy are recognized in the Nearctic Region, including four that are new: A. dasymyia sp.nov. (type-locality 21 mi. east Tuktoyaktuk, North West Territories, Canada), A. dimorpha sp.nov. (type-locality Sapelo Island, Georgia, USA), A. radialis sp.nov. (type-locality Gatineau Park, Quebec, Canada), and A. sternalis sp.nov. (type-locality mi. 51 Dempster Highway, Yukon, Canada). Adults of the eight species are keyed, described, illustrated (heads, wings, and male terminalia), and their distributions mapped. The species are arranged into three species groups: the autumnalis-group with Nearctic members A. autumnalis (Townsend), A. rufescens (Greene), A. diffidens Curran, and A. dimorpha sp.nov.; the lamia-group with Nearctic members A. interrupta Curran, A. dasymyia sp.nov., and A. radialis sp.nov.; and the crassicornis-group with the single Nearctic member A. sternalis sp.nov. Nearctic Actia are inferred to be of relatively recent origin because only the A. autumnalis/A. rufescens species pair seems to have speciated within the Nearctic Region. Actia autumnalis/A. rufescens, A. diffidens, and A. dimorpha are each hypothesized to have their closest phylogenetic affinities with Neotropical species, and A. sternalis, A. interrupta, A. dasymyia, and questionably A. radialis are each hypothesized to have their closest affinities with Palearctic species.

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DNA barcoding and hypopygium shape support delimitation of sympatric Dissomphalus species (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from the Atlantic rainforest

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.959.53737 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 959 ◽

pp. 87-97

Author(s):

Marina Monjardim ◽

Celso O. Azevedo ◽

Valeria Fagundes

Keyword(s):

Genetic Divergence ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Mitochondrial Gene ◽

Sympatric Species ◽

Species Group ◽

The Third ◽

Neotropical Species ◽

Group Members ◽

Species Groups ◽

Species Specific

Dissomphalus is a cosmopolitan genus of Bethylidae and has 269 Neotropical species divided into 32 species-groups, mostly defined by the genital and the tergal process structures. Dissomphalus rectilineus and D. concavatus are sympatric species in the ulceratus species-group. Members of the species-group share many similarities in the morphology of the head, hypopygium, tergal process and genitalia, but may be distinguished by the structure of the hypopygium. Previous studies have found intermediate structures of the hypopygium in the sympatric areas and raised questions about the distinctiveness of these two species. We sequenced 340 bp of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I of 29 specimens from Brazil and Paraguay, calculated the genetic divergence among specimens, and recovered the phylogenetic relationships between taxa. In addition, we compared the morphology of the hypopygium to evaluate its use as a species-specific diagnostic character using the genetic divergence values. We recovered three well-supported monophyletic groups (intraclade divergence from 1.3 to 13.4%) and three hypopygium morphologies associated with each clade, two of them associated with D. rectilineus and D. concavatus (as described in the literature); the third one is new, not associated with any known species. The divergence between the D. rectilineus and D. concavatus clades was 19%, while the third clade is divergent from each species by 19–20%. If fully described, the hypopygium shape associated with the COI sequence will represent an extremely promising approach to the diagnosis of Dissomphalus species.

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Systematics and biogeography of Salina MacGillivray (Collembola: Entomobryoidea), with emphasis on the species groups in the New World

Insect Systematics & Evolution ◽

10.1163/1876312x-00002201 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 81-138

Author(s):

Fábio G.L. Oliveira ◽

Nikolas G. Cipola ◽

Eduardo A.B. Almeida

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

South America ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

New World ◽

Morphological Character ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Neotropical Species ◽

Species Groups ◽

First Time ◽

Group Distribution

Nine new species of the collembolan genus Salina MacGillivray from South America are described and illustrated. Two Neotropical species were recorded for the first time from Brazil: S. dedoris Mari-Mutt and S. tristani Denis. Salina was previously known to occur in three Brazilian states, and this is now updated to include 19 states with 12 recorded species. A new proposal of morphological character description and illustration, and an identification key for the celebensis group are provided. A hypothesis for the phylogenetic relationships among 34 species of Salina (about 50% of the 72 described species) allowed three main pursuits: (a) a reevaluation of Salina species groups; (b) the first explicit interpretation of how morphological characters of these springtails may have changed during the course of the diversification of the taxon; and (c) an evaluation of the historical biogeographic connections of Salina, with an emphasis on the celebensis group distribution to the New World.

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