Target group distribution pattern analysis with bagged convolutional neural networks for UAV distribution pattern identification

Purpose The purpose of this study is to address the limitations of existing target group distribution pattern analysis methods and identify subtle distribution differences within and between the groups with no pre-specified distribution features. Classical work generally concentrates on either the group distribution tendency or shape as a whole and simply ignores the subtle distribution differences within the group. Other work is constrained to pre-defined spatial distribution features. Design/methodology/approach This study proposes a novel algorithm for target group distribution pattern analysis. This study first transforms the group distribution data with uncertain measurements into a distributional image. Upon that, a bagged convolutional neural network model is constructed to discriminate the delicate group distribution patterns. Findings Experimental results indicate that our method is robust to target missing and location variance and scalable with dataset size. Our method has outperformed the benchmark machine learning methods significantly in pattern identification accuracy. Originality/value Our method is applicable for complex unmanned aerial vehicle distribution pattern identification.

Penerapan pembelajaran Team-Assisted Individualization (TAI) berbasis tahapan Newman untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa kelas VII SMP Brawijaya Smart School dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika

the aim this research is to know applying Team-Assisted Individualization (TAI) based Newman Stages can increase ability of students to solving mathematics world problems. Data collected with document analysis and observation with descriptive qualitative approach. The result shows that the number of students in high-ability increase 42,43 percent and the number of students in low-ability decrease 33%, group distribution based on prior-ability and characteristic of students, the teacher assist student getting into difficulty, groups of learning to fare well, reflection of learning can unbend misconseption of students, and the appreciation be a motivation of students in learning

Clinicopathological features and outcome of COVID-19- early experiences from three covid hospitals, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Introduction: COVID 19 is an unknown virus affecting mankind creating a deadly experience to all. It is true for Bangladesh also. So the objectives of the present study is to find the clinicopathological features and outcome of COVID patients admitted in three COVID dedicated hospitals of Chittagong, Bnagladesh. Methods: This was an observational study where a total of 209 patients admitted in three COVID dedicated hospital were recruited. Clinicopathological data were recorded and patients were under observation till discharge and thus outcome were recorded. Prior consent was taken from the patients and ethical clearance was also taken. Data was compiled and analyzed by SPSS-20. Results: Among 209 patients most of them were male 139(66.5%) and male to female ratio was 1.98:1. Age group distribution revealed more were aggregated in age group 41-50 years 36(17.2%), 51-60 years 54(25.8%) and 61-70 years 57(27.3%). Among all 92(44%) patients were RT-PCR positive and 117(56%) were probable cases. Fever was present in 195(93.3%) cases, cough in 180(86.1%), respiratory distress in 105(50.2%) anosmia in 123(58.8% ), aguesea in 112 (53.58%) and lethargy was present in 143( 68.42%). Chest X-ray findings revealed 73(34.9%) had bilateral patchy opacities, 20(9.6%) had unilateral opacities 65(31.1%) had consolidations, 6(2.9%) had ground glass opacities and 2(1.0%) had pleural effusion. Supplemental O2 was given in 173(82.8%) patients, Favipiravir in 59(28.2%), Remdisivir in 111(53.1%), Methylprednisolone in 87(41.6%), Dexamethasone in 93(44.5%), Antibiotics in 204(97.60%), Toccilizumab in 34(16.3%), plasma in 18(8.6%) and LMWH in 200(95.7%) patients. Regarding outcome of the COVID patients admitted, 85(92.4%) patients improved, 6(6.5%) died who were RT-PCR positive and 107(91.15%) improved, 9(7.7%) died who were probable cases. Total death rate was 7.1%. Conclusion: Present study findings were some early activities among COVID patients in the years 2020. Male were more affected and middle age group people were the most victims.

Computing a Lower Bound for the Total Size of the COVID-19 Infected Population Iceberg Using the General Age-Group Distribution

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised questions regarding the total prevalence of infection, referred to as the (Infection) Iceberg. Accurate estimates of country-specific Iceberg sizes support better pandemic monitoring, evaluation of proximity to herd immunity, estimation of infection fatality rates (IFRs), and assessment of risks due to infection by asymptomatic individuals. Previous suggestions included surveying the population for COVID-19 symptoms, and a few countries performed randomized serological testing. We suggest a new method for setting a lower bound on the Iceberg size, by finding the Pivot group, the population sub-group with the highest relative risk for being confirmed as positively infected in the RT-PCR test. We differentiate between susceptibility to infection, which we assume to be uniform across all population sub-groups, and susceptibility to developing symptoms and complications, which may differ between sub-group. Our key assumption is that the Pivot sub-group's proportion within the infected Iceberg is similar to its proportion within the population (or even lower). We compute the minimal Iceberg Factor that allows for a sufficient number of people from the Pivot sub-group within the presumed Iceberg to explain the portion of the Pivot group that is confirmed positive, and also the minimal Iceberg Factor when allowing for a statistically insignificant deviation from the population's Pivot group proportion. We demonstrate, using the UK and Spain serological surveys, that our key assumption holds, and that the actual Iceberg factors fit our predictions. We compute minimal Iceberg factors, and when possible, assessed IFRs and serology-based IFRs, for nine countries.

Speculative Carcinogenicity Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Found in Some Anti-Diarrheal Herbal Drugs Sold in Ondo State of Nigeria

The conviction that herbal drugs have enormous health benefits has led to increase the rate of their consumption by Nigerians. The aim of this study was to assess the carcinogenic property of some popularly consumed anti-diarrheal herbal drugs via polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) quantification. Three prevalent anti-diarrhea herbal drugs , Odunmo herbal drug (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Bacopamonnieri), Orogun herbal mixture (Hibiscus sabdariffaI and Hedera helix), and Alora herbal syrup (Aloe vera and Hibiscus sabdariffaI) were bought for the purpose of this study and they were coded as samples A, B, and C, respectively. The ultrasonic extraction of the herbal drugs was carried out using standard procedures. The crude extracts obtained were purified using a chromatographic method. The concentrations of PAHs were quantified using gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GCFID). The diagnostic indices, group distribution, toxicity equivalence and exposure dosage were estimated. The cancer risk values were theoretically speculated based on concentrations of PAHs in the tested herbal drugs, associated with the published estimates of each concentration to cause cancer and the calculated exposure doses of the anti-diarrhea herbal drug samples were within three age groups (children, Preteen and adult). The highest concentration of total PAHs was observed in sample A (58.2815mg/kg) and the lowest concentration in sample B (44.1898mg/kg), but the concentration of total PAHs in sample C was 47.4169 mg/kg. The highest percentage of carcinogenic PAHs in the anti-diarrheal herbal drugs was found in sample C (48.66%) and the lowest in sample B (38.17%). The diagnostic indices confirmed a pyrogenic source of PAHs. Group distribution of PAHs showed that the herbal drugs are weakly carcinogenic due to high concentrations of low and moderate molecular weight PAHs. The cancer risk estimated for all the age groups where below the limit established by the United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for cancer (1 x 10-6). This ascertained that the use of these herbal drugs cannot cause cancer. However, consumers of these herbal drugs should take necessary precautions as excessive intake can lead to dangerous health implications.

ERROR MANAGEMENT AS A COMPONENT OF THE CORRECTION OF THE RESULTS OF LEARNING WITHIN THE MATHEMATICS LESSONS SYSTEM

An important component of correcting students' learning outcomes in mathematics is to eliminate errors and gaps in their knowledge and skills. The analysis of scientific research has allowed to identify the approaches to studying students' mathematical errors and to carry out their group distribution (into the corresponding sections of the program, in accordance with the certain types of educational activities, due to external circumstances of their detection, the peculiarities of psychological activity of students, causes of occurrence). The main causes of mathematical errors made by students that was discovered during the research are psychological, methodological, and other specific causes, conditioned by the peculiarities of mathematics as an educational subject. In the process of development of methods for correcting the results of students' training in mathematics, the classification of errors as situational and systemic was taken into account. Situational errors indicate students' lack of knowledge of particular facts or inability to perform particular operations, while system errors indicate significant gaps in the knowledge and skills of students, lack of understanding of general methods of working with mathematical objects or the lack of a general vision of the educational material. Methods and means of correction were defined and clustered into 4 groups according to the situation and the subject of correction. The article reviews didactic models of basic mathematics lessons in the context of correction of students' knowledge and skills. The characteristics of each lesson contain a detailed description of the main didactic characteristics of the type of correction, adapted to the specifics of teaching mathematics.

Relationship of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic with Blood Groups

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> SARS-CoV attaches to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor with the spike protein and infects cells. It can play a direct role in infection by acting as a receptor and/or co-receptor for blood group antigens, microorganisms, parasites, and viruses. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> We aimed to compare the blood group distribution of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to hospital and that of healthy donors. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 823 patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test and clinical symptoms were included in the study. The results were compared with the normal blood group distribution in the region. <b><i>Results:</i></b> While the prevalence of COVID-19 in the A, B, and AB blood groups was higher than that in the healthy blood donors, it was lower in the O blood group (<i>p</i> = 0.009). The distribution of demographic and clinical characteristics based on blood groups did not differ significantly. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our results are in agreement with other studies suggesting that blood group O individuals are somewhat more resistant to clinically overt infection with SARS-CoV-2 than other blood groups. However, this tendency is not sufficiently established to allow special prophylaxis recommendations for non-O individuals.