Association Between Clinical Biomarkers and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Purpose. In the present study, the retinal and choroidal vascular densities (VDs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients were analyzed using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods. The study included 282 eyes of 152 patients with type 2 DM (114 without retinopathy, 79 nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), 48 severe NPDR, and 41 proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) eyes). The superficial and deep retinal vessel, choriocapillaris, and choroidal VDs were measured using a binarization method on OCTA images. VDs were compared based on retinopathy severity. Correlations among densities were analyzed. Results. Retinal and choriocapillaris VDs were lower in PDR than in NPDR (all P < 0.05 ). Correlation analysis showed significant positive correlations among densities of superficial and deep retinal vessels and choriocapillaris (all P < 0.001 ). Choroidal VD showed a negative correlation with superficial and deep retinal vessels and choriocapillaris (all P < 0.001 ). Retinal and choriocapillaris VDs showed a negative correlation with diabetic retinopathy (DR) grade (all P < 0.001 ); however, the choroidal VD showed a weak positive correlation ( P = 0.030 ). Conclusion. Choroidal VD increased as retinal and choriocapillaris VDs decreased, indicating that the outer layer of the choroid is less affected by DR severity and VD of larger choroidal vessels may even be increased as a compensatory mechanism for decreased retinal and choriocapillaris VDs in type 2 DM patients.

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Optical coherence tomography angiography discerns preclinical diabetic retinopathy in eyes of patients with type 2 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy

Acta Diabetologica ◽

10.1007/s00592-018-1115-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (5) ◽

pp. 469-477 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Dan Cao ◽

Dawei Yang ◽

Zhongning Huang ◽

Yunkao Zeng ◽

Jun Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Optical Coherence

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Association of Myopia With Microvascular Alterations in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.715074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Xin Wen ◽

Zijing Li ◽

Jianhui Xiao ◽

Xuane Liu ◽

Yichi Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vessel Density ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Cross Sectional

Purpose: To determine the association of myopia with peripapillary and macular microvasculature in eyes with type 2 diabetes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods: Diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR) were recruited and grouped according to myopic status in this cross-sectional study. Axial length, refractive error, and OCTA parameters were measured. OCTA parameters were analyzed with adjustment of confounding factors and further Bonferroni analysis was performed to determine the differences in multiple group comparisons.Results: Compared with the diabetic eyes without myopia, those with myopia had lower rate of DR (21.82 vs. 35.90%, χ2 = 6.190, P = 0.013), longer axial lengths (24.94 ± 0.75 vs. 23.16 ± 0.64, F = 311.055, P < 0.001) and reduced whole vessel density (VD) of optic nerve head (ONH) (45.89 ± 5.76 vs. 49.14 ± 4.33, F = 19.052, P < 0.001), peripapillary VD (48.75 ± 6.56 vs. 50.76 ± 4.51, F = 7.600, P = 0.006), and reduced thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) (95.50 ± 12.35 vs. 100.67 ± 13.68, F = 5.020, P = 0.026). In eyes without myopia, the superficial vessel density (SVD) (46.58 ± 4.90 vs. 43.01 ± 4.25; 95% CI, 1.80–4.61; P < 0.001), deep vessel density (DVD) (45.64 ± 6.34 vs. 42.15 ± 6.31; 95% CI, 1.07–5.00; P < 0.001), and FD300 area density (50.31 ± 5.74 vs. 44.95 ± 6.96; 95% CI, 2.88–7.27; P < 0.001) were significant reduced in eyes with DR(DR eyes) comparing to those without DR (NoDR eyes). In eyes with myopia, only SVD were significantly reduced in DR eyes comparing to NoDR eyes (41.68 ± 3.34 vs. 45.99 ± 4.17; 95% CI, 1.10–7.22; P = 0.002). In NoDR eyes, both whole VD of ONH and Peripapillary VD demonstrated a significant decrease in eyes with myopia comparing to those without myopia (49.91 ± 4.36 vs. 45.61 ± 6.32; 95% CI, 1.95–6.27; P < 0.001 and 51.36 ± 4.24 vs. 48.52 ± 6.99; 95% CI, 0.56–5.11; P = 0.006, respectively).Conclusions: In diabetic patients, myopic eyes exhibited lower prevalence of DR and thinner thickness of RNFL. The refractive status could possibly impact the retinal microvascular changes from NoDR to DR stage.

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