Hypersomnia Caused by Upper Airway Obstructions; A New Syndrome in Otolaryngology

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 670-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Blair Simmons ◽  
Michael W. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Sleep Studies ◽  
Excessive Sleepiness ◽  
Airway Obstructions ◽  
Submucous Resection

A new cause for excessive sleepiness during the day is gradually emerging from 24-hour polygraph sleep studies: intermittent upper airway obstruction which is usually hypopharyngeal but can also be nasal in origin. Three such cases are described. One was cured by a permanent tracheotomy and another by a submucous resection.

Evaluation of upper airway obstruction after partial laryngectomies by radiological method and flow–volume loop analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 954-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Misiolek ◽  
D. Ziora ◽  
K. Oklek ◽  
G. Namyslowski
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Radiological Examination ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Loop Analysis ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Flow Volume Loop ◽  
Airway Obstructions

AbstractAnatomical and functional estimations of the upper airways in patients after partial laryngectomies (cordectomy, hemilaryngectomy, enlarged hemilaryngectomy) carried out due to cancer are discussed in this paper. The post-operative lumen of the larynx and the trachea were estimated by radiological examination. The coefficient larynx/trachea (L/T) was proposed to describe fixed obstruction.At the same time, all patients underwent spirometric examinations. Inspiratory and expiratory parameters of the flow-volume loop were evaluated. In 39 patients the L/T coefficient was lower than in a group of patients with chronic bronchitis (P<0.05). Also inspiratory and some expiratory parameters of the flow–volume loop decreased in contrast to the group with chronic bronchitis. All results showed the usefulness of radiological and spirometric methods in detecting upper airway obstructions and confirmed their fixed character. The influence of the area of operation on the degree of upper airway obstruction was emphasized.

scholarly journals Classification of directionally specific vagus nerve activity using an upper airway obstruction model in anesthetized rodents

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sabetian ◽  
Y. Sadat-Nejad ◽  
Paul B. Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Gaussian Kernel ◽  
Recording Electrode ◽  
Cuff Electrode ◽  
Nerve Cuff ◽  
Svm Model ◽  
Nerve Cuff Electrode

AbstractElectrical signals from the peripheral nervous system have the potential to provide the necessary motor, sensory or autonomic information for implementing closed-loop control of neuroprosthetic or neuromodulatory systems. However, developing methods to recover information encoded in these signals is a significant challenge. Our goal was to test the feasibility of measuring physiologically generated nerve action potentials that can be classified as sensory or motor signals. A tetrapolar recording nerve cuff electrode was used to measure vagal nerve (VN) activity in a rodent model of upper airway obstruction. The effect of upper airway occlusions on VN activity related to respiration (RnP) was calculated and compared for 4 different cases: (1) intact VN, (2) VN transection only proximal to recording electrode, (3) VN transection only distal to the recording electrode, and (4) transection of VN proximal and distal to electrode. We employed a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model with Gaussian Kernel to learn a model capable of classifying efferent and afferent waveforms obtained from the tetrapolar electrode. In vivo results showed that the RnP values decreased significantly during obstruction by 91.7% ± 3.1%, and 78.2% ± 3.4% for cases of intact VN or proximal transection, respectively. In contrast, there were no significant changes for cases of VN transection at the distal end or both ends of the electrode. The SVM model yielded an 85.8% accuracy in distinguishing motor and sensory signals. The feasibility of measuring low-noise directionally-sensitive neural activity using a tetrapolar nerve cuff electrode along with the use of an SVM classifier was shown. Future experimental work in chronic implant studies is needed to support clinical translatability.

Upper Airway Obstruction in Paediatrics

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 721-738
Author(s):  
Elliot J. Rhine ◽  
Gary G. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction
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