Carbon-Dioxide Thermo-Saline Springs in the Light of Modern Research

Investigations on the influence of natural Nauheim standing and running effervescent CO2 thermo-saline baths on the subcutaneous CO2 and O2 tension in gas under the skin in rabbits showed a decrease of the CO2 tension in all experiments. The O2 tension increased in 50 per cent. of the experiments, in the others it remained unaffected. The results are interpreted as due to an increase in ventilation and an increase in peripheral blood-flow, the peripheral blood-vessels being dilated. Plain water baths of the same temperature and duration did not show this effect on the peripheral circulation, both CO2 and O2 tension being decreased after the bath. The relations between these researches and other investigations on the effect of natural thermo-saline baths are discussed as well as the difference between the effect of natural and artificial baths. The special curative properties of fresh natural mineral springs are in some way connected with the composition of the salts as complex compounds and their molecular structure. These complex compounds being decomposed by heat, light or access of air, the special activity is lost. The presence of the salts as complex compounds in fresh natural mineral springs is supposed to be due to the special geological conditions under which these compounds are formed.

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Peripheral circulation in the newborn: Interaction of peripheral blood flow, blood pressure, blood volume, and blood viscosity

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-197901000-00078 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 82-82

Author(s):

O Linderkamp ◽

H T Versmold ◽

I Strohhacker ◽

K P Riegel ◽

K Betke

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Blood Volume ◽

Blood Viscosity ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Peripheral Circulation ◽

Peripheral Blood Flow

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The development of ultrasound in vascular disease in Sweden

Ultrasound in Clinical Diagnosis ◽

10.1093/oso/9780199602070.003.0014 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Tomas Jogestrand ◽

Olav Thulesius

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Vascular Disease ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Clinical Information ◽

Peripheral Circulation ◽

Peripheral Blood Flow ◽

Flow Measurements ◽

Blood Flow Measurements ◽

Arteries And Veins

The famous British scientist Sir Cyril A. Clarke in 1975 wrote the introduction for a new book, Arteries and Veins , with the following words: . . . In spite of all advances, mortality remains a steady 100 per cent and it is disorders of the arteries and veins which claim the majority of us. we sclerose, we clot, arrhythmias hit us, or our tubing wears out. By way of consolation, however, more of us now go the way of all flesh properly diagnosed and there are many ways of cheating the ancient enemy. . . . Clark at the time did not realize what advances were ahead of him, and the book he introduced with these dark lines included a chapter by R.G. Gosling and D.H. King which described a new promising technique of ultrasound angiography. Cyril Clark himself died at the age of 93! Blood flow measurements during resting conditions fail to detect any reduction of volume flow in patients with occlusive vascular disease, therefore for quantitative evaluation of the functional capacity of the peripheral circulation various functional tests implying increased circulatory demands needed to be introduced. The most useful clinical information could be obtained from peak-flow values after a period of obstruction and exercise followed by volume plethysmographic measurements of blood flow. Olav Thulesius introduced a foot ergometer in 1963 which allowed detection of maximal blood flow after graded muscular exercise. Its use was complicated and time-consuming when applied in conjunction with blood flow measurements with a water-filled volume plethysmograph. Therefore a faster and easier method for determination of peripheral blood flow was desirable. In 1967, the ultrasound scanning method for the detection of arterial blood flow signals in the diagnosis of fetal life during pregnancy was introduced in Sweden. This same principle became the method for detecting blood flow in peripheral blood vessels. The method used was a hand-held instrument which included two piezoelectric elements, one to transmit ultrasound signals and the other to receive the returning echoes back-scattered from the blood vessels. The instrument used for the detection of peripheral blood flow was the same as that for the detection of the fetal blood flow in pregnancy.

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