Relative Cost of Owning and Using Traditional and Innovative Cooking Appliances

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-339
Author(s):  
Betty S. Young ◽  
Rebecca P. Lovingood ◽  
Rosemary C. Goss ◽  
Janet M. Johnson ◽  
Nancy A. Barclay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
BDJ ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 182 (8) ◽  
pp. 286-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
I A Mjor ◽  
F J Burke ◽  
N H Wilson
Keyword(s):  

2004 ◽  
pp. 94-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shastitko

Various ways of state participation in the mechanisms of transaction management are considered in the article. Differences between compensation and elimination of the market failures are identified. Opportunities and risks of non-regulatory alternatives usage as a mean of market failure compensation are described. Based on classification of goods correlated to relative cost of their useful characteristics evaluation (search, experience, merit) questions of institutional alternatives in three areas (political, financial and commodity) are examined.


2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Rayfield ◽  
Marie-Josée Fortin ◽  
Andrew Fall
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 56S-65S
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Mikhail ◽  
Murray Echt ◽  
Stephen R. Selverian ◽  
Samuel K. Cho

Study Design: Broad narrative review. Objective: To review and summarize the current literature on the cost efficacy of performing ACDF, lumbar discectomy and short segment fusions of the lumbar spine performed in the outpatient setting. Methods: A thorough review of peer- reviewed literature was performed on the relative cost-savings, as well as guidelines, outcomes, and indications for successfully implementing outpatient protocols for routine spine procedures. Results: Primary elective 1-2 level ACDF can be safely performed in most patient populations with a higher patient satisfaction rate and no significant difference in 90-day reoperations and readmission rates, and a savings of 4000 to 41 305 USD per case. Lumbar discectomy performed through minimally invasive techniques has decreased recovery times with similar patient outcomes to open procedures. Performing lumbar microdiscectomy in the outpatient setting is safe, cheaper by as much as 12 934 USD per case and has better or equivalent outcomes to their inpatient counterparts. Unlike ACDF and lumbar microdiscectomy, short segment fusions are rarely performed in ASCs. However, with the advent of minimally invasive techniques paired with improved pain control, same-day discharge after lumbar fusion has limited clinical data but appears to have potential cost-savings up to 65-70% by reducing admissions. Conclusion: Performing ACDF, lumbar discectomy and short segment fusions in the outpatient setting is a safe and effective way of reducing cost in select patient populations.


2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F. Guest ◽  
R.R. Taylor ◽  
K. Vowden ◽  
P. Vowden

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghai Li ◽  
Renshu Yang ◽  
Jingkai Li ◽  
He Wang ◽  
Zhijie Wen

Roadway support in swelling soft rocks in coal mines has become a critical challenge in recent years. For deformation control in swelling soft rocks, high strength sets are preferred in sites. But high strength always means high costs. Therefore, higher strength sets with not too much cost will be more welcomed in situ. Based on this, three new sets, including a floor beam set, a roof + floor beams set, and a roof + floor beams + braces set, have been developed in the present research. Strength comparisons and costs comparisons have been conducted in this research. Results illustrate that compared with the original set, in the floor beam set, the relative strength of bottom corners reaches 2.964, while the relative cost reaches 1.294; compared with the original set, in the roof + floor beams set, the relative strength of the top arch reaches 2.345, while the relative strength of bottom corners reaches 2.964, and the relative cost reaches 1.568; and compared with the original set, in the roof + floor beams + braces set, the relative strength of the top arch reaches 2.635, and the relative strength of bottom corners reaches 5.905, but the relative cost reaches 1.930. Floor beam set and roof + floor beams set illustrate higher strength and not too higher costs than the original set. Although the roof + floor beams + braces set exhibit much higher strength, they also demonstrate much higher costs than the original set. These new sets can be chosen according to different geological conditions in situ.


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