Review Essay : Labor and Capital and the American Community Anthony F. C. Wallace. Rockdale: The Growth of An American Village in the Early Industrial Revolution. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1978. Pp. xx, 553, illustrations, tables, appendix, bibliography, index. $17.50. Bruce Laurie. Working People of Philadelphia, 1800-1850. Philadelphia : Temple University Press, 1980. $15.00. Susan Hirsch. Roots of the American Working Class: The Industrialization of Crafts in Newark, 1800-1860. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1978. Pp. xx, 170, tables, figures, appendixes, index. $14.00. Daniel Walkowitz. Worker City, Company Town: Iron and Cotton- Worker Protest in Troy and Cohoes, New York, 1855-84. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1978. Pp. xvii, 292, tables, maps, figures, appendix, bibliography, index. $14.00. John Cumbler. Working-Class Community in Industrial America: Work, Leisure, and Struggle in Two Industrial Cities, 1800-1930. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1979. Pp. xiv, 283, illustrations, maps, tables, appendixes, index. $22.95

1981 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-238
Author(s):  
Walter Licht
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Company Town ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Temple University ◽  
Industrial Cities ◽  
Working People ◽  
American Working Class

Labor Day and the American Working Class

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna T. Haverty-Stacke
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
White Male ◽  
Organized Labor ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
Union Leaders ◽  
American Working Class ◽  
The New Deal

The first Labor Day parade was held on September 5, 1882, in New York City. It, and the annual holiday demonstrations that followed in that decade and the next, resulted from the growth of the modern organized labor movement that took place in the context of the second industrial revolution. These first Labor Day celebrations also became part of the then ongoing ideological and tactical divisions within that movement. By the early 1900s, workers’ desire to enjoy the fruits of their labor by participating in popular leisure pursuits came to characterize the day. But union leaders, who considered such leisure pursuits a distraction from displays of union solidarity, continued to encourage the organization of parades. With the protections afforded to organized labor by the New Deal, and with the gains made during and after World War II (particularly among unionized white, male, industrial laborers), Labor Day parades declined further after 1945 as workers enjoyed access to mass cultural pursuits, increasingly in suburban settings. This decline was indicative of a broader loss of union movement culture that had served to build solidarity within unions, display working-class militancy to employers, and communicate the legitimacy of organized labor to the American public. From time to time since the late 1970s unions have attempted to reclaim the power of Labor Day to make concerted demands through their display of workers’ united power; but, for most Americans the holiday has become part of a three-day weekend devoted to shopping or leisure that marks the end of the summer season.

Transition in Social Foundations for Collective Action

1980 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-451
Author(s):  
Craig Calhoun
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Social Foundations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Working People ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Traditional Communities

During the 1820s and early 1830s, two largely different populations of working people lived alongside each other in the region surrounding Manchester. Today, they represent, in an important and clear contrast, the social foundations which have supported distinctive directions of popular protest and collective action. The theory of working-class radicalism, as developed by Marx and others, has tended to confound the two. The necessary radicalism and fundamental opposition to the growth of capitalist industry of more traditional communities of craft workers was wedded to the concentrated numbers of new industrial workers and the clarity of their exploitation by capitalists. This marriage took place in theory, but not in concrete social movements. The working class emerged as a foundation for basically reformist collective actions, while the radical and reactionary populist craftsmen lost the war of the industrial revolution.

La Scuola di Francoforte in esilio: storia di un'inchiesta sull'antisemitismo nella classe operaia americana

2009 ◽  
pp. 121-140
Author(s):  
Catherine Collomp
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
American Working Class ◽  
Working World

- Between July and December 1944 the Institute for social research of Columbia University made known the results of a survey on anti-Semitism in the American working class carried out by the Jewish Labor Committee of New York. The results of the research confirmed the rooting of a few stereotypes and prejudices on Jews in some specific segments of the American working world: more widespread among "blue collars" rather than "white collars" and among the white population rather than the black. This form of anti-Semitism involved, paradoxically, also the workers of factories producing weapons to fight against the Third Reich. A form of anti-Semitism which did not stop with the end of World War II but turned, using the same mechanisms analyzed by migrant German sociologists, into a discrimination against communist militants.Parole chiave: Scuola di Francoforte, esilio, classe operaia, antisemitismo, razzismo, comunismo School of Frankfurt, exile, anti-Semitism, working class, racism, communism

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