A Systematic Chart Review of Adults with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Data from a Tertiary Care Psychiatry Center in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 025371762110350
Author(s):  
K. Krishnakumari ◽  
Manjula Munivenkatappa ◽  
Shantala Hegde ◽  
Kesavan Muralidharan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Interpersonal Trauma ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an understudied construct in the psychiatric setting. The majority of existing Indian studies on PTSD focus on the general population or disaster-stricken communities. Here, we present data from a five-year retrospective chart review from a tertiary care psychiatric center in India. Methods: Medical records of adult patients (≥18 years) who had attended psychiatry outpatient services between April 1, 2015 and March 31, 2020 (five years) and were diagnosed with PTSD, as per ICD-10 criteria, were reviewed ( n = 113). The relevant sociodemographic and clinical details were extracted using a semistructured pro forma. Results: The percentage of adult patients with PTSD diagnosis in the five years was 0.22%. PTSD was more common in females (n = 65, 57.5%). Most patients had interpersonal trauma (n = 85, 75.2%), specifically sexual abuse (n = 47, 41.6%).The median age of onset was 22 years. All the patients had re-experiencing symptoms, with an equally high rate of avoidance (n = 109, 96.5%) and arousal symptoms (n = 110, 97.3%). 82%(93) had a comorbid psychiatric disorder, with mood disorder being the most common (n = 44, 38.9%). Males had a higher rate of comorbid substance use disorder (n = 14, 29.2%) and depression (n = 20, 42%), and females had a higher rate of comorbid dissociative disorder (n = 13, 20%). Most of the patients received non-trauma-focused psychological interventions, and only 18% (20) received evidence-based trauma-focused psychological interventions. Conclusion: Interpersonal trauma, specifically sexual abuse, largely contributes to PTSD among adults attending psychiatric services. The need for trauma-focused psychological interventions is underscored.

scholarly journals Rates of post-traumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed children and adolescents: meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 204 (5) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Alisic ◽  
Alyson K. Zalta ◽  
Floryt van Wesel ◽  
Sadie E. Larsen ◽  
Gertrud S. Hafstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interpersonal Trauma ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundIt is unclear how many children and adolescents develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after trauma.AimsTo determine the incidence of PTSD in trauma-exposed children and adolescents as assessed with well-established diagnostic interviews and to examine potential moderators of the estimate.MethodA systematic literature search identified 72 peer-reviewed articles on 43 independent samples (n = 3563). Samples consisting only of participants seeking or receiving mental health treatment were excluded. Main analyses involved pooled incidence estimates and meta-analyses of variance.ResultsThe overall rate of PTSD was 15.9% (95% CI 11.5–21.5), which varied according to the type of trauma and gender. Least at risk were boys exposed to non-interpersonal trauma (8.4%, 95% CI 4.7–14.5), whereas girls exposed to interpersonal trauma showed the highest rate (32.9%, 95% CI 19.8–49.3). No significant difference was found for the choice of assessment interview or the informant of the assessment.ConclusionsResearch conducted with the best available assessment instruments shows that a significant minority of children and adolescents develop PTSD after trauma exposure, with those exposed to interpersonal trauma and girls at particular risk. The estimates provide a benchmark for DSM-5 and ICD-11.

Re-traumatization Cycle: Sexual Abuse, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Sexual Risk Behaviors among Club Drug Users

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1499-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Corrêa de Magalhães Narvaez ◽  
Lysa Remy ◽  
Mariane Bagatin Bermudez ◽  
Juliana Nichterwitz Scherer ◽  
Felipe Ornell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Club Drug

scholarly journals Integrating fragmented evidence by network meta-analysis: relative effectiveness of psychological interventions for adults with post-traumatic stress disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (15) ◽  
pp. 3151-3164 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Gerger ◽  
T. Munder ◽  
A. Gemperli ◽  
E. Nüesch ◽  
S. Trelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Specific Intervention ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background.To summarize the available evidence on the effectiveness of psychological interventions for patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Method.We searched bibliographic databases and reference lists of relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses for randomized controlled trials that compared specific psychological interventions for adults with PTSD symptoms either head-to-head or against control interventions using non-specific intervention components, or against wait-list control. Two investigators independently extracted the data and assessed trial characteristics.Results.The analyses included 4190 patients in 66 trials. An initial network meta-analysis showed large effect sizes (ESs) for all specific psychological interventions (ESs between −1.10 and −1.37) and moderate effects of psychological interventions that were used to control for non-specific intervention effects (ESs −0.58 and −0.62). ES differences between various types of specific psychological interventions were absent to small (ES differences between 0.00 and 0.27). Considerable between-trial heterogeneity occurred (τ2 = 0.30). Stratified analyses revealed that trials that adhered to DSM-III/IV criteria for PTSD were associated with larger ESs. However, considerable heterogeneity remained. Heterogeneity was reduced in trials with adequate concealment of allocation and in large-sized trials. We found evidence for small-study bias.Conclusions.Our findings show that patients with a formal diagnosis of PTSD and those with subclinical PTSD symptoms benefit from different psychological interventions. We did not identify any intervention that was consistently superior to other specific psychological interventions. However, the robustness of evidence varies considerably between different psychological interventions for PTSD, with most robust evidence for cognitive behavioral and exposure therapies.

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