Carbachol HCl-Induced Opacity of Porcine Isolated Cornea

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-330
Author(s):  
Haruyoshi Igarashi ◽  
Yasumaja Katsuta ◽  
Hidefumi Matsuno ◽  
Yoshiharu Nakazato ◽  
Tohru Kawasaki
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Wetting Agent ◽  
Great Care ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
In Vitro Development ◽  
Endothelial Surface ◽  
Vitro Development

The in vitro development of porcine corneal opacity induced by carbachol was monitored using a simple, specially constructed opacitometer. Corneas were used intact, without epithelium, or without endothelium, or stroma only. Solutions of carbachol were applied to both surfaces, to the epithelial surface only or to the endothelial surface only. When carbachol was applied either to both surfaces or to the epithelial surface only, there was a significant increase in opacity compared with controls in the order: both epithelium and endothelium removed>epithelium removed>endothelium removed>intact. However, when applied to the endothelial surface only of intact and endothelium-removed corneas, carbachol caused an opacity comparable to control values. This confirms that the drug is safe for use as a topical application in the eye. However, the opacity which develops in corneas in response to benzalkonium chloride indicates that great care must be taken in determining the optimal concentration to use as a “wetting agent”.

The Use of an Opacitometer to Compare the In Vitro Cornea Opacifying Effects of Timolol With and Without Benzalkonium Chloride

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-270
Author(s):  
Haruyoshi Igarashi ◽  
Yasunaga Katsuta ◽  
Yoshiharu Nakazato ◽  
Tohru Kawasaki
Keyword(s):  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Timolol Maleate ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Endothelial Surface ◽  
Draize Test ◽  
Corneal Opacities

We have evaluated a new in vitro opacitometer method as an alternative to the in vivo Draize test for ocular irritancy. Several concentrations of timolol maleate (timolol) with or without 0.005% benzalkonium chloride were applied to porcine isolated corneas which were either intact or with the epithelium, endothelium, or both epithelium and endothelium removed. Corneal opacities were measured using an opacitometer. In general, timolol with benzalkonium chloride caused a greater degree of opacity to develop in the cornea than did timolol alone. At the lower concentrations of timolol, the increased opacity probably represented additive effects of the two compounds. However, at the highest concentration of timolol (5 x 10 2M), there was an enhanced opacification in the presence of benzalkonium chloride, which may have been due to an increase in penetration, particularly through the epithelium. Timolol caused a greater degree of opacity to develop in the isolated intact porcine corneas when the drug was applied to the endothelial surface, than when applied to the epithelial surface or to both the epithelial and endothelial surfaces. However, timolol with benzalkonium chloride caused a greater degree of opacity in the intact cornea, when the drug was applied to both surfaces than when it was applied only to the epithelial or the endothelial surface.

In vitro development of human triploid zygotes reconstructed by pronuclear transfer

2002 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. S180-S181
Author(s):  
John Zhang ◽  
Yi Ming Shu ◽  
Lewis C Krey ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Guang Lun Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Development ◽  
Pronuclear Transfer ◽  
Vitro Development

Gallic acid promotes the in vitro development of sheep secondary isolated follicles involving the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway

2021 ◽  
pp. 106767
Author(s):  
Gizele A.L. Silva ◽  
Luana B. Araújo ◽  
Larissa C.R. Silva ◽  
Bruna B. Gouveia ◽  
Ricássio S. Barberino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase ◽  
In Vitro Development ◽  
Vitro Development ◽  
Kinase Pathway ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3

scholarly journals Necrostatin-1 Supplementation to Islet Tissue Culture Enhances the In-Vitro Development and Graft Function of Young Porcine Islets

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8367
Author(s):  
Hien Lau ◽  
Shiri Li ◽  
Nicole Corrales ◽  
Samuel Rodriguez ◽  
Mohammadreza Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Oxygen Consumption Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
In Vitro Development ◽  
Porcine Islets ◽  
Vitro Development

Pre-weaned porcine islets (PPIs) represent an unlimited source for islet transplantation but are functionally immature. We previously showed that necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) immediately after islet isolation enhanced the in vitro development of PPIs. Here, we examined the impact of Nec-1 on the in vivo function of PPIs after transplantation in diabetic mice. PPIs were isolated from pancreata of 8–15-day-old, pre-weaned pigs and cultured in media alone, or supplemented with Nec-1 (100 µM) on day 0 or on day 3 of culture (n = 5 for each group). On day 7, islet recovery, viability, oxygen consumption rate, insulin content, cellular composition, insulin secretion capacity, and transplant outcomes were evaluated. While islet viability and oxygen consumption rate remained high throughout 7-day tissue culture, Nec-1 supplementation on day 3 significantly improved islet recovery, insulin content, endocrine composition, GLUT2 expression, differentiation potential, proliferation capacity of endocrine cells, and insulin secretion. Adding Nec-1 on day 3 of tissue culture enhanced the islet recovery, proportion of delta cells, beta-cell differentiation and proliferation, and stimulation index. In vivo, this leads to shorter times to normoglycemia, better glycemic control, and higher circulating insulin. Our findings identify the novel time-dependent effects of Nec-1 supplementation on porcine islet quantity and quality prior to transplantation.

In vitro development of plants from microspores of rice

In Vitro ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 484-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Chang Chen
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Development ◽  
Vitro Development
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