Effects of combined physical and cognitive training on fall prevention and risk reduction in older persons with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled study

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 773-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald S Lipardo ◽  
William WN Tsang
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Fall Rate ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of combined physical and cognitive training on fall rate and risks of falling in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Design: The design of this study was an assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Setting: The setting for this study is the community from Manila, Philippines. Subjects: In total, 92 community-dwelling older persons with mild cognitive impairment (aged 60–83) were randomly allocated to three intervention groups and one waitlist control group. Interventions: The physical training, cognitive training, and combined physical and cognitive training intervention programs were delivered for 60 to 90 minutes, one to three times per week for 12 weeks with six-month follow-up. Main measures: Participants were assessed at baseline, 12 weeks after baseline, and 36 weeks after baseline for fall incidence, overall fall risk, dynamic balance, walking speed, and lower limb strength. Results: No significant difference was observed across time and groups on fall incidence rate at 12 weeks ( P = 0.152) and at 36 weeks ( P = 0.954). The groups did not statistically differ in other measures except for a significant improvement in dynamic balance based on Timed Up and Go Test in the combined physical and cognitive training group (9.0 seconds with P = 0.001) and in the cognitive training alone group (8.6 seconds with P = 0.012) compared to waitlist group (11.1 seconds) at 36 weeks. Conclusion: There was no significant difference among groups on fall rate and risks of falling post-intervention. Dynamic balance was improved with combined physical and cognitive training and cognitive training alone. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to establish whether or not the interventions are effective.

scholarly journals The Humanoid Robot Sil-Bot in a Cognitive Training Program for Community-Dwelling Elderly People with Mild Cognitive Impairment during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8198
Author(s):  
Eun-A Park ◽  
Ae-Ri Jung ◽  
Kyoung-A Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a stage preceding dementia, and early intervention is critical. This study investigated whether multi-domain cognitive training programs, especially robot-assisted training, conducted 12 times, twice a week for 6 weeks can improve cognitive function and depression decline in community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 135 volunteers without cognitive impairment aged 60 years old or older. Participants were first randomized into two groups. One group consisted of 90 participants who would receive cognitive training and 45 who would not receive any training (NI). The cognitive training group was randomly divided into two groups, 45 who received traditional cognitive training (TCT) and 45 who received robot-assisted cognitive training (RACT). The training for both groups consisted of a daily 60 min session, twice a week for six weeks. Results: RACT participants had significantly greater post-intervention improvement in cognitive function (t = 4.707, p < 0.001), memory (t = −2.282, p = 0.007), executive function (t = 4.610, p < 0.001), and depression (t = −3.307, p = 0.004). TCT participants had greater post-intervention improvement in memory (t = −6.671, p < 0.001) and executive function (t = 5.393, p < 0.001). Conclusions: A 6-week robot-assisted, multi-domain cognitive training program can improve the efficiency of global cognitive function and depression during cognitive tasks in older adults with MCI, which is associated with improvements in memory and executive function.

Efficacy of a cognitive training programme for mild cognitive impairment: Results of a randomised controlled study

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léonie Jean ◽  
Martine Simard ◽  
Sandra Wiederkehr ◽  
Marie-Ève Bergeron ◽  
Yves Turgeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
Randomised Controlled

scholarly journals Blood Biomarkers as Surrogate Endpoints of Treatment Responses to Aerobic Exercise and Cognitive Training (ACT) in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Blood Biomarkers Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial (The ACT Trial)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danni Li ◽  
Michelle M Mielke ◽  
W Robert Bell ◽  
Cavan Reilly ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Surrogate Endpoints ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Treatment Responses

Abstract Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an epidemic with tremendous public health impacts because there are currently no disease-modifying therapeutics. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for prevention of AD dementia often use clinical endpoints that take years to manifest (e.g., cognition) or surrogate endpoints that are costly or invasive (e.g., magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]). Blood biomarkers represent a clinically applicable alternative surrogate endpoint for RCTs that would be both cost-effective and minimally invasive, but little is known about their value as surrogate endpoints for treatment responses in the prevention of AD dementia. Methods: The objective of this study is to investigate blood neuropathological, neurodegenerative, and neurotrophic biomarkers as surrogate endpoints for treatment responses to 3 interventions in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI, a prodromal stage of AD): aerobic exercise; cognitive training; and combined aerobic exercise and cognitive training (ACT). We chose these three sets of biomarkers for their unique mechanistic associations with AD pathology, neurodegeneration and neurogenesis. This study is built on the ACT Trial (1R01AG055469), a single-blinded, multi-site, 2×2 factorial Phase II RCT that examines the synergistic effects of a 6-month ACT intervention on cognition and MRI biomarkers (AD-signature cortical thickness and hippocampal volume) (n=128). In this ACT Trial Blood Biomarkers Study, we will enroll 120 ACT Trial aMCI participants and measure blood biomarkers at baseline, 3, 6, 12 and 18 months. The goals are to: (1) Determine the effect of interventions on blood biomarkers over 6 months; (2) Evaluate blood biomarkers as surrogate endpoints for predicting cognitive responses to interventions over 18 months; and (3; exploratory) Examine blood biomarkers as surrogate endpoints for predicting brain MRI biomarker responses to interventions over 18 months. Discussion: This study aims to identify new blood biomarkers that can track cognitive decline or AD-related brain atrophy among aMCI patients subjected to a regimen of aerobic exercise and cognitive training. Findings from this study will drive the further use of blood biomarkers in developing effective prevention and treatment strategies for AD dementia. Trial registration number: This study is an ancillary study of the ACT Trial which was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03313895.

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