Construct Validity of the Bidding Game, Binary with Follow-up, and a Novel Structured Haggling Question Format in Determining Willingness to Pay for Insecticide-Treated Mosquito Nets

Abstract Introduction Trial-based tele-obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) cost-effectiveness analyses have often been inconclusive due to small sample sizes and short follow-up. In this study, we report the cost-effectiveness of Tele-OSA using a larger sample from a 3-month trial that was augmented with 2.75 additional years of epidemiologic follow-up. Methods The Tele-OSA study was a 3-month randomized trial conducted in Kaiser Permanente Southern California that demonstrated improved adherence in patients receiving automated feedback messaging regarding their positive airway pressure (PAP) use when compared to usual care. At the end of the 3 months, participants in the intervention group pseudo-randomly either stopped or continued receiving messaging. This analysis included those participants who had moderate-severe OSA (Apnea Hypopnea Index >=15) and compared the cost-effectiveness of 3 groups: 1) no messaging, 2) messaging for 3 months only, and 3) messaging for 3 years. Costs were derived by multiplying medical service use from electronic medical records times costs from Federal fee schedules. Effects were average nightly hours of PAP use. We report the incremental cost per incremental hour of PAP use as well as the fraction acceptable. Results We included 256 patients with moderate-severe OSA (Group 1, n=132; Group 2, n=79; Group 3, n=45). Group 2, which received the intervention for 3 months only, had the highest costs and fewest hours of use and was dominated by the other two groups. Average 1-year costs for groups 1 and 3 were $6035 (SE, $477) and $6154 (SE, $575), respectively; average nightly hours of PAP use were 3.07 (SE, 0.23) and 4.09 (SE, 0.42). Compared to no messaging, messaging for 3 years had an incremental cost ($119, p=0.86) per incremental hour of use (1.02, p=0.03) of $117. For a willingness-to-pay (WTP) of $500 per year ($1.37/night), 3-year messaging has a 70% chance of being acceptable. Conclusion Long-term Tele-OSA messaging was more effective than no messaging for PAP use outcomes but also highly likely cost-effective with an acceptable willingness-to-pay threshold. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that this greater use will yield both clinical and additional economic benefits. Support (if any) Tele-OSA study was supported by the AASM Foundation SRA Grant #: 104-SR-13

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An Investigation of Construct Validity and Responsiveness of the Danish ICECAP-A

10.21203/rs.3.rs-32586/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Annette Willemoes Holst-Kristensen ◽

Paul Mark Mitchell ◽

Myles-Jay Linton ◽

Joanna Coast ◽

Kirsten Fonager ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

General Health ◽

Item Analysis ◽

A Priori ◽

Age Groups ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Chi Squared ◽

Responsiveness To Change

Abstract BackgroundThis study aimed to provide the first assessment of construct validity of ICECAP-A in patients with cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes, and to assess the responsiveness of the measure in this group. MethodData were provided from patients attending rehabilitation in the municipality of Aalborg, Denmark, from March 2018 to March 2019. Patients answered a questionnaire from the healthcare centre and the ICECAP-A at baseline and 12 weeks follow-up. To assess construct validity, a priori hypotheses were developed. Based on these hypotheses, associations between sociodemographic characteristics, ‘general health’, a freedom dimension, and ICECAP-A were analysed through chi-squared tests and Spearman rank correlations for categorical and ordinal variables, respectively. To investigate responsiveness, the anchor-based method was used. Patients were divided into improved, worsened or no change, based on changes between baseline and follow-up on the anchor measures (‘general health’ and ‘freedom’). To quantify responsiveness, both the weighted and un-weighted ICECAP-A scores’ effect sizes, standardised response means and t-tests were used. Findings were explored across different age groups.ResultOf all the hypothesised associations, 16 of 26 (62%) were in the expected direction. The expected relationships were found between ICECAP-A scores and general health and freedom to do things. ICECAP-A was responsive in terms of capturing the effects on general health and the freedom to do things. Differences were found across age groups, with greater responsiveness to change in those aged under 65 years. The item-by-item analysis showed that capability was mainly driven by stability and autonomy.ConclusionThis study has shown that the Danish ICECAP-A is a valid and responsive measure of the effects of an exercise and education-based rehabilitation programme.

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Testing the construct validity of willingness to pay valuations using objective information about risk and health benefit

Health Economics ◽

10.1002/hec.1054 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 195-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Zoë Philips ◽

David K. Whynes ◽

Mark Avis

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Willingness To Pay ◽

Health Benefit ◽

Objective Information

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Pavlovian Processes in Consumer Choice: The Physical Presence of a Good Increases Willingness-to-Pay

The American Economic Review ◽

10.1257/aer.100.4.1556 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 100 (4) ◽

pp. 1556-1571 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Benjamin Bushong ◽

Lindsay M King ◽

Colin F Camerer ◽

Antonio Rangel

Keyword(s):

Willingness To Pay ◽

Consumer Choice ◽

Laboratory Experiments ◽

The Real ◽

Physical Presence ◽

Image Displays

This paper describes a series of laboratory experiments studying whether the form in which items are displayed at the time of decision affects the dollar value that subjects place on them. Using a Becker-DeGroot auction under three different conditions—(i) text displays, (ii) image displays, and (iii) displays of the actual items—we find that subjects' willingness-to-pay is 40–61 percent larger in the real than in the image and text displays. Furthermore, follow-up experiments suggest the presence of the real item triggers preprogrammed consummatory Pavlovian processes that promote behaviors that lead to contact with appetitive items whenever they are available. (JEL C91, D03, D12, D87)

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