Delayed Cutaneous Hypersensitivity Reaction to Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Cancer Patients

The delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was tested in 84 patients with different diseases including large bowel adenocarcinoma and breast carcinoma, with or without metastasis, liver cirrhosis and inflammatory or degenerative diseases. Positive skin test to CEA was observed in a small proportion (11 %) of the patients tested. No difference in positive skin test reactions was observed in the 6 different groups of patients. Similar delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions were found to various amount of CEA ranging from 0.5 to 25 μg. No correlation was seen between the results of skin test and blood CEA levels.

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HISTOPATHOLOGIC CORRELATION OF LESIONS OF PAPULAR URTICARIA AND POSITIVE SKIN TEST REACTIONS TO INSECT ANTIGENS

Archives of Dermatology ◽

10.1001/archderm.1954.01540220039005 ◽

1954 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 437 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

BERTRAM SHAFFER

Keyword(s):

Skin Test ◽

Positive Skin Test ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Test Reactions

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Assessment of immediate and non-immediate hypersensitivity contrast reactions by skin tests and provocation tests: A review

International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1177/20587384211015061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 205873842110150

Author(s):

Rakesh D Bansie ◽

A Faiz Karim ◽

Maurits S van Maaren ◽

Maud AW Hermans ◽

Paul LA van Daele ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contrast Media ◽

Skin Test ◽

Positive Skin Test ◽

Skin Tests ◽

Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽

Immediate Hypersensitivity ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Provocation Tests ◽

Iodinated Contrast ◽

Negative Skin Test

Introduction: Allergic and nonallergic hypersensitivity reactions to iodinated contrast media (ICM) and gadolinium-based contrast media are classified as immediate or non-immediate hypersensitivity reactions (IHR and NIHR), respectively. Skin tests and provocation tests are recommended for the evaluation of hypersensitivity reactions to contrast agents; however provocations are not common in clinical practice. Methods: A MEDLINE search was conducted to investigate studies comprising both skin tests and provocation tests that evaluated hypersensitivity reactions to ICM. Results: Nineteen studies were identified that reported on skin tests, followed by provocations. In the case of IHR to ICM, 65/69 (94%) patients with a positive skin test for the culprit media tolerated a challenge with a skin-test-negative alternative ICM. In IHR to ICM with a negative skin test for the culprit media, provocations were positive in 3.2%–9.1% patients. In the case of a NIHR to ICM with a positive skin test, provocation with a skin-test-negative agent was tolerated in 75/105 (71%) of cases. In NIHR with a negative skin test for the culprit agent, re-exposure to the culprit or an alternative was positive in 0%–34.6% patients. Provocations with the same ICM in skin test positive patients with IHR or NIHR were positive for a majority of the patients, although such provocation tests were rarely performed. Data on hypersensitivity reactions, skin tests and provocations with gadolinium-based contrast media were limited; however, they exhibited a pattern similar to that observed in ICM. Conclusion: In both ICM and gadolinium-based contrast media, the risk of an immediate repeat reaction is low when skin tests are negative. In contrast, a provocation with a skin-test-positive contrast medium showed a high risk of an immediate repeat hypersensitivity reaction. Therefore, a thorough medical history is necessary, followed by skin tests. A provocation is recommended, for diagnostic work-up, when the diagnosis is uncertain.

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Risk of transmission of tuberculosis among inmates of an Australian prison

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s095026889900312x ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 123 (3) ◽

pp. 445-450 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

C. R. MacINTYRE ◽

J. CARNIE ◽

M. RANDALL

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Skin Test ◽

Index Case ◽

Positive Skin Test ◽

Contact Tracing ◽

Bacille Calmette Guerin ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Test Reactions ◽

Risk Of Exposure ◽

Incident Infection

In a prison in Victoria, Australia, our objectives were contact tracing of inmates and staff at risk of exposure to an identified index case; and to determine risk factors for prevalent and incident infection. Inmates and staff who were potentially exposed to the index case were screened with a Mantoux skin test and a questionnaire. Inmate movements within the prison were compared to movements of the index case. Logistic regression was used to determine risk factors for infection. The index case had smear positive, cavitating pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), which was undiagnosed for 3 months. This was the period of potential exposure. The prevalence of positive skin test reactions in 190 inmates and staff at the prison was 10%. Significant predictors of a positive skin test were being an inmate (odds ratio (OR) 15·5), older age (OR 8·3) and being born overseas (OR 10·7). Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination, proximity to the index case in various prison sites, duration of incarceration, number of incarcerations and number of inmates per cell were not significant. There were three recent skin test conversions from negative to positive, representing a conversion rate of 3·5%. We did not find evidence of significant transmission of TB from a single index case. The prevalence of infection in this Australian prison was lower than published rates in other countries. Better prison conditions and different demographics of prison inmates in Australia may explain these differences.

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Sequential degranulation of eosinophils induced by antigen or autocoids in allergic humans

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100143390 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 354-355

Author(s):

Kate W. Sjoerdsma ◽

W. James Metzger

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽

Allergic Asthma ◽

Skin Test ◽

Positive Skin Test ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Human Eosinophil ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Allergic Asthmatic ◽

History Of

Eosinophils are important to the pathogenesis of allergic asthma, and are increased in bronchoalveolar lavage within four hours after bronchoprovocation of allergic asthmatic patients, and remain significantly increased up to 24 hours later. While the components of human eosinophil granules have been recently isolated and purified, the mechanisms of degranulation have yet to be elucidated.We obtained blood from two volunteers who had a history of allergic rhinitis and asthma and a positive skin test (5x5mm wheal) to Alternaria and Ragweed. Eosinophils were obtained using a modification of the method described by Roberts and Gallin.

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Penicillin Hypersensitivity

Pediatrics in Review ◽

10.1542/pir.1.5.132 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

pp. 132-158

Keyword(s):

Skin Test ◽

Multicenter Study ◽

Positive Skin Test ◽

Penicillin Allergy ◽

Skin Tests ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Positive History ◽

History Of

A (massive) multicenter study of 3,000 patients has demonstrated that skin tests to penicillin G and penicilloyl-polylysine (PPL-now commercially available) predict and confirm penicillin allergy. Of patients with a history of penicillin reaction, 19% were positive to either, compared to 7% of controls. A history of anaphylaxis led to 46% positive. Of those with a history of urticaria 17% were positive, and those with maculopapular eruptions did not differ from controls (7% positive). Challenge with penicillin led to a reaction in 6% with a positive history (compared to 2% with a negative) and 67% with a combined positive history and positive skin test (to either).

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Delayed Cutaneous Hypersensitivity Reactions to Hirudin

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2001-125-1585-dchrth ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 125 (12) ◽

pp. 1585-1587

Author(s):

Kathleen J. Smith ◽

Juan Rosario-Collazo ◽

Henry Skelton

Keyword(s):

Primary Treatment ◽

Myocardial Infarctions ◽

Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽

Type Ii ◽

Antithrombotic Agent ◽

Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia ◽

Cutaneous Hypersensitivity ◽

History Of ◽

Delayed Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽

Delayed Cutaneous Hypersensitivity

Abstract Hirudin is one of the new synthetic antithrombin agents, which is most commonly used in patients with type II heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and in patients with hypersensitivity reactions to unfractionated heparin as well as low-molecular-weight heparins. Hirudin is comparable to heparin as an antithrombotic agent and also has been studied as a primary treatment in patients who experienced acute myocardial infarctions. We describe a patient with a history of type II heparin-induced thrombocytopenia who was placed on intravenous hirudin therapy. After extravasation of the intravenous hirudin site, the patient developed a delayed hypersensitivity reaction that histologically showed an epithelioid granulomatous infiltrate. Although rare reports of hypersensitivity reactions to hirudin have been published, these reactions have not been well characterized and the histopathologic changes have not been described.

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