Headache in sleep apnea syndrome: Epidemiology and pathophysiology

Cephalalgia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 752-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B Russell ◽  
Håvard A Kristiansen ◽  
Kari J Kværner
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
General Population ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Morning Headache ◽  
Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Type Headache

This review investigates the relation between obstructive sleep apnea and sleep apnea headache, migraine and tension-type headache. Focus is made on studies from the general population with interviews conducted by a physician and obstructive sleep apnea confirmed by polysomnography. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is observed in 3% of the middle-aged population. The prevalence of sleep apnea headache in this population is 12%–18%, while morning headache with similar symptomatology as sleep apnea headache occur in 5%–8% of the general population. People with sleep apnea headache did have significantly more minutes below 90% oxygen saturation (23.1 min vs. 1.9 min, p = 0.002), higher level of average oxygen desaturation (5.9% vs. 4.5%, p < 0.001) and lower average of the lowest oxygen saturation (80.9% vs. 88.5%, p < 0.001) than people with morning headache. A comparison of those with obstructive sleep apnea with or without sleep apnea headache showed no significant differences. Thus, oxygen desaturation alone cannot explain the pathophysiology of sleep apnea headache. Obstructive sleep apnea and migraine, and obstructive sleep apnea and tension-type headache are not related in the general population. The cause of sleep apnea headache remains to be elucidated.

scholarly journals A Pharyngoplasty with a Dorsal Palatal Flap Expansion: The Evaluation of a Modified Surgical Treatment Method for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome—A Preliminary Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 3746
Author(s):  
Ewa Olszewska ◽  
Piotr Fiedorczuk ◽  
Adam Stróżyński ◽  
Agnieszka Polecka ◽  
Ewa Roszkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Surgical techniques for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) constantly evolve. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of a new surgical approach for an OSAS pharyngoplasty with a dorsal palatal flap expansion (PDPFEx). A total of 21 participants (mean age 49.9; mean BMI 32.5) underwent a type III sleep study, an endoscopy of the upper airways, a filled medical history, a visual analog scale for snoring loudness, an Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and a Short Form Health Survey-36 questionnaire. A follow-up re-evaluation was performed 11 ± 4.9 months post-operatively. The study group (4 with moderate, 17 with severe OSAS) showed an improvement in all measured sleep study characteristics (p < 0.05), apnea-hypopnea index (pre-median 45.7 to 29.3 post-operatively, p = 0.009, r = 0.394), oxygen desaturation index (pre-median 47.7 and 23.3 post-operatively, p = 0.0005, r = 0.812), mean oxygen saturation (median 92% pre-operatively and median 94% post-operatively, p = 0.0002, r = 0.812), lowest oxygen saturation (p = 0.0001, r = 0.540) and time of sleep spent with blood oxygen saturation less than 90% (p = 0.0001, r = 0.485). The most commonly reported complications were throat dryness (11 patients) and minor difficulties in swallowing (5 patients transient, 3 patients constant). We conclude that a PDPFEx is a promising new surgical method; however, further controlled studies are needed to demonstrate its safety and efficacy for OSAS treatment in adults.

scholarly journals Pulse Oximetry for the Detection of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: Can the Memory Capacity of Oxygen Saturation Influence Their Diagnostic Accuracy?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Nigro ◽  
Eduardo Dibur ◽  
Edgardo Rhodius
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Disturbance

Objective. To assess the diagnostic ability of WristOx 3100 using its three different recording settings in patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).Methods. All participants (135) performed the oximetry (three oximeters WristOx ) and polysomnography (PSG) simultaneously in the sleep laboratory. Both recordings were interpreted blindly. Each oximeter was set to one of three different recording settings (memory capabilities 0.25, 0.5, and 1 Hz). The software (nVision 5.1) calculated the adjusted O2desaturation index-mean number of O2desaturation per hour of analyzed recording ≥2, 3, and 4% (ADI2, 3, and 4). The ADI2, 3, and 4 cutoff points that better discriminated between subjects with or without OSAS arose from the receiver-operator characteristics (ROCs) curve analysis. OSAS was defined as a respiratory disturbance index (RDI) ≥ 5.Results. 101 patients were included (77 men, mean age 52, median RDI 22.6, median BMI 27.4 kg/m2). The area under the ROCs curves (AUC-ROCs) of ADI2, 3, and 4 with different data storage rates were similar (AUC-ROCs with data storage rates of 0.25/0.5/1 Hz: ADI2: 0.958/0.948/0.965, ADI3: 0.961/0.95/0.966, and ADI4: 0.957/0.949/0.963,PNS).Conclusions. The ability of WristOx 3100 to detect patients with OSAS was not affected by the data storage rate of the oxygen saturation signal. Both memory capacity of 0.25, 0.5, or 1 Hz showed a similar performance for the diagnosis of OSAS.

Prevalence of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 787-793
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Objective: To determine the prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) among patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and to identify factors associated with intraocular pressure (IOP). Materials and Methods: Eighty-eight patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and 88 control subjects were enrolled. All subjects underwent eye examination including visual acuity, IOP, gonioscopy, optic disc, and visual field evaluation within one week of enrollment. Results: Three of the 88 patients with OSA (3.4%) and only one (1.1%) in the matched group had POAG, indicating no statistically significant difference in both groups (p=0.621). All patients with OSA diagnosed with POAG had severe OSA. OSA did not significantly influence the risk factor of POAG (OR 3.07, 95% CI 0.31 to 30.11, p=0.312). However, the presence of mean oxygen saturation of less than 88% or oxygen desaturation index (ODI) greater than 30 events per hour correlated with an elevation of IOP (p=0.026, 0.010). Based on apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and ODI, there was medium correlation with IOP (Pearson correlation 0.342, 95% CI 0.143 to 0.5147, p=0.0011 and Pearson correlation 0.317, 95% CI 0.116 to 0.494, p=0.0025). Conclusion: The prevalence of POAG was 3.4% in patients with OSA when compared with 1.1% in control group. There was positive correlation between AHI or ODI with the IOP. Moreover, the presence of mean oxygen saturation of less than 88% or ODI of more than 30 events per hour correlated with an elevated IOP. Keywords: Glaucoma, Obstructive sleep apnea, Prevalence, Primary open-angle glaucoma, Sleep apnea

Prevalence of symptoms and risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in the general population

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. e168
Author(s):  
H. Khazaie ◽  
F. Najafi ◽  
L. Rezaie ◽  
M. Tahmasian ◽  
A. Sepehry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
General Population ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

An association between oxygen desaturation and D-dimer in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (09) ◽  
pp. 544-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Shitrit ◽  
Nir Peled ◽  
Ariella Bar-Gil Shitrit ◽  
Silvia Meidan ◽  
Daniel Bendayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Oxygen Desaturation ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome ◽  
D Dimer

SummaryD-dimer, a degradation product of fibrin, is being increasingly used as a marker and prognostic factor in various thrombotic diseases. Previous reports have shown that obstructive sleep apnea is associated with platelet activation and hypercoagulability. The aim of the study was to assess the potential role of the plasma D-dimer test in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. We designed a prospective group comparison study in a tertiary- care, university-affiliated medical center. One hundred and three patients of mean age 57 years (range 50–76 years) with symptoms suggestive of obstructive sleep apnea were included. Polysomnography was performed in all cases, and blood was collected for plasma D-dimer measurement by MiniQuant turbidmetric assay. The demographic and polysomnograph data were compared between patients with normal and high (>250 ng/ml) D-dimer levels. The group with higher D-dimer values had lower mean minimal oxygen saturation (72.1±16.4 vs. 81.7±11.6%, p=0.008) and a longer mean period of oxygen saturation below 90% (84.1±86.2 vs. 38.5±70.8 minutes, p=0.032). There was no correlation of respiratory disturbance index and sleep architecture with D-dimer values. We concluded that sleep apnea syndrome is associated with fibrinolytic activity. Oxygen desaturation seems to be one of the mediatory factors in the putative connection between obstructive sleep apnea and hypercoagulability state.

scholarly journals The Association of Oxidative Stress in the Uvular Mucosa with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Clinical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1132
Author(s):  
Ewa Olszewska ◽  
Joanna Rogalska ◽  
Małgorzata M. Brzóska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

The hypothesis that individuals with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) demonstrate oxidative stress in the uvular mucosa that correlates with OSAS occurrence was investigated. A total of 128 participants (mean age 45.8, mean body mass index 30.7, female–male ratio 1:20) were divided into the non-OSAS group (apnea–hypopnea index—AHI < 5) and OSAS-group (AHI ≥ 5), in which mild (5 ≤ AHI < 15), moderate (15 ≤ AHI < 30), and severe (AHI ≥ 30) sub-groups were distinguished. Laryngological examination, Epworth Sleep Scale questionnaire, and home sleep study were performed to obtain AHI, mean oxygen saturation, and lowest oxygen saturation. Total oxidative status (TOS) and total antioxidative status (TAS) were assayed in the uvular mucosa taken during palatoplasty or palatopharyngoplasty. The severity of oxidative stress was expressed as oxidative stress index (OSI). Oxidative/reductive imbalance was noted in the mucosa of the uvula of OSAS individuals, and TAS of the uvular mucosa negatively correlated with the severity of this syndrome. TOS and OSI in the mild, moderate, and severe OSAS were higher than in the non-OSAS group, whereas TAS of the uvular mucosa in the OSAS group was lower compared to the non-OSAS group. In conclusion, oxidative stress in the uvular mucosa is associated with the occurrence of OSAS.

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