Heavy Metals and the Mammalian Thymus: In Vivo and In Vitro Investigations

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda Ficek
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Lead Chloride ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Heavy Metal Salts

This experiment was performed to investigate changes in the thymus of Wistar-strain male rats administered cadmium chloride (CdCl2), mercuric chloride (HgCl2), and lead chloride (PbCl2) salts. The study involved measurement of: 1) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content; 2) ascorbic acid (vitamin C) content; 3) incorporation of 3h-thymidine during in-vitro investigation; and 4) histological and morphological changes. It was shown in investigations on DNA content that administration of heavy metal salts caused an average 76% decrease in DNA content compared to the control. Moreover, in the thymus of experimental animals, an average 69% decrease in vitamin C content was recorded. In in vitro cultures, heavy metal salts decreased the incorporation of 3H-thymidine in thymic cells.

scholarly journals The morphological changes in parathyroid glands, caused simulated prolonged influence of heavy metal salts

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
A. Romaniuk ◽  
O. Tymakova ◽  
J. Lyndina ◽  
N. Gryntsova ◽  
I. Kravtsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Parathyroid Glands ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Heavy Metal Salts ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

The main problem today is environmental pollution with heavy metal salts. Biological activity and their ability to accumulate in the environment and the body leads to the disruption of many systems and organs. Parathyroid glands are important regulators of calcium homeostasis, which affects a lot of physiological processes in the body. Therefore, the work is devoted to the study of the morphological and functional characteristics of the parathyroid glands of laboratory rats under conditions of prolonged use of a combination of heavy metal salts. Study of the peculiarities of the structure and functional activity of the glands was carried out on adult male rats (n = 12). The animals were divided into groups: the first — its control, the second — rats, which received a water solution of a mixture of salts of heavy metals. The material was taken on the 90th day of the experiment. Histological preparations were made 5–7 microns thick, stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Study of the linear parameters of the parathyroid glands was carried out on the largest longitudinal section. The area of the glands and cells, the thickness of the capsule and the layer of connective tissue in the parenchyma of the organ were measured. During the laboratory study of the blood of rats, the content of calcium and magnesium was determined, as well as the activity of parathyroid hormone. Conducted statistical treatment of the data. It has been established that with long-term admission of a combination of salts of heavy metals into the organism of rats leads to morphological changes in the parenchyma and stroma of the glands, there are changes in the content of calcium and magnesium in the biochemical parameters of blood, as well as inhibition of parathormone secretion. In the future, it is planned to study the morphofunctional features of the parathyroid glands in the process of readoptation after consuming a combination of heavy metal salts.

scholarly journals In vitro susceptibility of spiroplasmas to heavy-metal salts.

1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
S C Whitmore ◽  
J F Rissler ◽  
R E Davis
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Heavy Metal Salts

scholarly journals VARIABILITY OF T-LYMPHOCYTES AND MACROFAGS COMPOSITION IN THE URINARY BLADDER UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF HEAVY METALS SALTS, CORRECTION OF THEIR EFFECT WITH VITAMIN E AND IN THE READAPTATION PERIOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
V.V. Sikora
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Heavy Metal Salts

In modern urology, it is important to study and understand the features of the development of various pathologies in the organs of the urinary system since the disturbances of the urodynamics is a widespread problem all over the world. Thus, the environment pollution caused by heavy metal salts has unpredictable consequences for the functioning of the urinary bladder. That is why the object of this study is to determine the features of the expression and the quantitative composition of T-cells and macrophages in the UB wall under the intake of the HMS and correction of their effect with vitamin E, as well as during the readaptation period. According to the experimental scenario, the experiment model was implemented by using male rats that were divided into six groups. The heavy metal salts mixture consisted of the most common potentially dangerous metals-microelements (zinc, cooper, iron, manganese, lead and chrome). Vitamin E was chosen as a corrector. To determine the quantitative composition of T-cells and macrophages the immunohistochemical identification by CD3 and CD68 antibodies was used. The main results are presented as M±SD, with the assessment of the differences and dependencies between the groups by using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient. We found that the number of CD3+ lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages differed between the groups and depended on the experimental conditions. Thus, the results of our study demonstrate that the number of T-cells and macrophages in the bladder increases under the influence of heavy metals salts. The simultaneous intake of the pollutants and vitamin E is accompanied by the decrease of expression intensity of the corresponding cells. When the intake of the heavy metals is canceled, the qualitative composition of the identified CD3 and CD68 cells gradually comes to the norm, but the speed of its reduction differs depending on the group of the readaptation. Discovered that the decrease of T-cells and macrophages in the groups with the use of vitamin E was more approached to the control. Based on the results of the immunohistochemical study, a strong correlation between an increased number of the expressed T-cells and macrophages was revealed in the urinary bladder during the whole period of the study that demonstrates the dependence of their activity.

scholarly journals The features of morphological changes in the urinary bladder under combined effect of heavy metal salts

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatolii Romaniuk ◽  
Vladyslav Sikora ◽  
Mykola Lyndin ◽  
Vladyslav Smiyanov ◽  
Volodymyr Sikora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Heavy Metal Salts

scholarly journals Morphofunctional alterations of the adrenal cortex of sexually mature rats under prolonged exposure to heavy metal salts

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
N. B. Hryntsova ◽  
A.N Romanyuk ◽  
V.I. Bumeister ◽  
L. I. Kiptenko ◽  
N. S. Pernakov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Heavy Metal Salts ◽  
Sexually Mature

The salts of heavy metals negatively affect the health of the population and cause the development of the pathology of individual organs and systems of the body. Adrenal hormones are one of the key places in regulating and maintaining the basic functions of the body. The aim of the study — the study of morphological rearrangements of the structural components of the adrenal cortex of sexually mature male rats under conditions of prolonged exposure to the combination of heavy metal salts remains relevant and insufficiently studied. The experiment was conducted on 12 animals weighing 250–300 g, aged 7–8 months. Animals of the experimental group used for 90 days the usual drinking water, saturated with a combination of heavy metal salts. Commonly used histological methods of research were used. Long-term admission into the body of sexually-mature rats of a combination of heavy metal salts leads to morphological rearrangements of the stroma, vascular bed, morphology and secretory activity of cells of the adrenal gland, mainly zona fasciculata and zona reticularis. Development in spongy sacs of lipid vacuolar and granular degeneration indicates a weakening of steroidogenesis, which negatively affects the development of compensatory and adaptive processes in the body and the general adaptation syndrome in response to the action of the damaging agent. So, adaptive-compensatory processes in the adrenal cortex with signs of reduced functional activity, characteristic for the initial stages of depletion of the general adaptive syndrome. Prospects for further development are based on conducting studies of adrenal rats in conditions of reparative changes after long periods of influence of the combination of heavy metal salts on the body.

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