Early Trauma and Later Sexual Victimization in College Women: A Multiple Mediation Examination of Alexithymia, Impulsivity, and Alcohol Use

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110358
Author(s):  
Natira Mullet ◽  
Lindsey G. Hawkins ◽  
Antover P. Tuliao ◽  
Hailey Snyder ◽  
Derek Holyoak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Early Childhood Trauma ◽  
Early Trauma

Childhood abuse and sexual violence against women are prevalent in the United States. However, researchers have not fully explored the intersection among important predisposing factors that predict recent sexual violence experienced by women who are also survivors of childhood abuse. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among early childhood trauma, alexithymia, impulsivity, alcohol use severity, and sexual victimization in later life among female college students from the United States ( n = 1,178). Participants were part of a larger cross-cultural study, conducted between 2012 to 2014, which examined sexual aggression and victimization in the context of alcohol use. The current study aimed to examine if: (a) early trauma, impulsivity, alexithymia, and alcohol use severity impact sexual victimization in later life, and (b) if impulsivity, alexithymia, and alcohol use severity mediate the relationship between early trauma and victimization in later life. It was hypothesized that impulsivity, alexithymia, and alcohol use severity would significantly mediate the relationship between early trauma and sexual victimization in later life. Using a multiple mediation path analysis, results indicated that early childhood trauma was significantly linked with impulsivity, alcohol use severity, and sexual victimization in later life. A partial mediation through impulsivity and alcohol use severity was observed. Alexithymia did not produce mediation effects. These findings align with previous research examining how early childhood trauma influences the occurrence of sexual victimization in later life and provides further recommendations for helping professionals as they attempt to stifle the sexual victimization rates among female college students.

The Role of Preschool as a Point of Intervention and Prevention for Trauma-Exposed Children: Recommendations for Practice, Policy, and Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alysse M. Loomis
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Poor Child ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Recommendations For Practice ◽  
Early Childhood Trauma ◽  
Early Trauma

Schools are increasingly being leveraged as intervention points to address childhood trauma due to the well-established links between childhood trauma exposure and poor child well-being outcomes. However, although preschool-aged children experience higher rates of trauma, such as maltreatment and violence exposure, than their older counterparts, there is a dearth of information available related to trauma-informed preschool models. This conceptual article outlines the need for trauma-informed preschool programming and highlights key components of trauma-informed preschool models for young children. This article does so by discussing the known prevalence and impact of early trauma, exploring evidence related to early childhood trauma interventions and trauma-informed education for older children, and outlining recommendations for practice, policy, and research related to trauma-informed preschools.

scholarly journals The wounds of childhood: Early trauma subtypes, salience and hyperarousal in a sample of adult psychiatric patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello ◽  
Amelia Rizzo ◽  
Laura Celebre ◽  
Carmela Mento ◽  
Gianluca Pandolfo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Additional Contribution ◽  
Aberrant Salience ◽  
Early Childhood Trauma ◽  
Early Trauma

Background: The relationship between early trauma, hyperarousal and aberrant salience has been investigated exclusively in specific clinical samples, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychotic patients, and the results suggest that both dimensions are trauma-induced events, which may lead to the later onset, or increase the vulnerability to psychiatric disorders. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the possible relationships among early childhood trauma subtypes and the dimensions of hyperarousal and aberrant salience in an adult sample of psychiatric patients. Materials and Methods: One-hundred psychiatric adult outpatients were assessed by Early Trauma Inventory Self Report-Short Form (ETISR-SF), Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI) and Hyperarousal Scale (H-Scale). A linear regression analysis was performed in order to investigate which early traumatic events were a predictor of the aberrant salience and the hyperarousal. Results: Regression analysis indicated that only ETISR-SF ‘Emotional abuse’ was the unique predictor of ASI ‘Total score’ ( p < .0001) and H-Scale ‘Total score’ ( p = .031), whereas other ETISR-SF variables did not give a significant additional contribution to the prediction of aberrant salience and the hyperarousal dimension. Conclusions: These findings support the role of emotional abuse as predictor of hyperarousal, a basic dimension associated with general vulnerability to mental illness. The awareness of the psychiatric consequences of early childhood trauma leads us to consider the need for better identification of children at risk, to develop effective interventions for the protection of minors from violent and/or inappropriate behaviors and to promote the development of protective resilience factors against re-victimization.

Quality of care after early childhood trauma and well-being in later life: Child Holocaust survivors reaching old age.

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisheva van der Hal-van Raalte ◽  
Marinus H. Van IJzendoorn ◽  
Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Holocaust Survivors ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Early Childhood Trauma

scholarly journals Negative body experience in women with early childhood trauma: associations with trauma severity and dissociation

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1322892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Scheffers ◽  
Maike Hoek ◽  
Ruud J. Bosscher ◽  
Marijtje A. J. van Duijn ◽  
Robert A. Schoevers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Body Experience ◽  
Trauma Severity ◽  
Early Childhood Trauma

The prevalence and impact of early childhood trauma in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Kempke ◽  
Patrick Luyten ◽  
Stephan Claes ◽  
Peter Van Wambeke ◽  
Patrick Bekaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Early Childhood Trauma

Obscure Dichotomy of Early Childhood Trauma in PTSD Versus Attachment Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christy Owen
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Attachment Disorders ◽  
Behavioral Disturbances ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Deviant Behaviors ◽  
Early Childhood Trauma

There are two competing schools of thoughts involving children who have experienced early childhood trauma. One posture’s nosology focuses on the post-traumatic stress responses; the other focuses on the deviant behaviors that ensue from pathogenic care in early childhood. This author sought to review the literature from a holistic perspective, embracing both diagnostic positions. Seventy-three articles addressing childhood trauma and the ensuing emotional or behavioral disturbances were evaluated, mostly empirical—including 16 that specified posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 21 that specified attachment disorders, and 37 that included potential overlaps between both trauma derivatives. An additional 138 studies were reviewed but not included herein because those focused on broader issues. Statistical data, financial and emotional impacts, and the effects of disrupted attachments were addressed—including both children with secure attachments and those with compromised attachments. The critical effect of both positive and negative parental responses was evaluated, as well as correlations or overlaps in the diagnostic criteria and symptom manifestations of the children and any apparent gaps in the current research. The literature details that the prognosis and course of treatment vary significantly between the two etiologies—apparently at least in part due to possible clinician bias in conceptualizations of the two populations. There are clear overlaps in the diagnostic criteria that strongly suggest comorbidity between the disorders, however, which is especially critical to analyze in the future, since there are solid, empirical, evidence-based treatment protocols for PTSD, but not for attachment disorders resulting from pathogenic caregiver maltreatment.

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