scholarly journals Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorder: diminished responsibility and mitigation of sentence

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russ Scott
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Indigenous Youth ◽  
Appeal Decision ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum ◽  
Court Of Appeal ◽  
Diminished Responsibility

Objective: The objective of this study was to consider the implications of a recent Western Australia Court of Appeal decision in which an indigenous youth who had been sentenced for the manslaughter of his neonate child was later diagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorder. Conclusion: The increased use of the 2016 Australian guide to the diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder should be encouraged to enable clinicians to not only diagnose and manage Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorder, but also counsel families to prevent it.

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Caley ◽  
Charlotte Kramer ◽  
Luther K. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Prevention Activities ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a serious and widespread problem in this country. Positioned within the community with links to children, families, and healthcare systems, school nurses are a critical element in the prevention and treatment of those affected by fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Although most school nurses are familiar with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and the problems it poses, they may not be familiar with the newer term, fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. This article summarizes the most recent information about FASD and recently published guidelines on diagnostic criteria for FAS. Also outlined are primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention activities school nurses can take to help assure that children, families, and communities work to prevent the problem and to treat the children affected by it.

scholarly journals Tooth Malformations, DMFT Index, Speech Impairment and Oral Habits in Patients with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Blanck-Lubarsch ◽  
Dieter Dirksen ◽  
Reinhold Feldmann ◽  
Cristina Sauerland ◽  
Ariane Hohoff
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Speech Impairment ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Oral Habits ◽  
Speech Treatment ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum

Background: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a developmental disorder with severe negative lifetime consequences. Although knowledge about the harmfulness of alcohol consumption during pregnancy has spread, the prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is very high. Our study aims at identifying fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)-associated dental anomalies or habits, which need early attention. Methods: Sixty children (30 FAS; 30 controls) were examined prospectively. Swallowing pattern, oral habits, breastfeeding, speech therapy, ergotherapy, physiotherapy, exfoliation of teeth, DMFT (decayed, missing, filled teeth) index, modified DDE (developmental defects of enamel) index and otitis media were recorded. Results: Swallowing pattern, exfoliation of teeth, and otitis media were not significantly different. Significant differences could be found concerning mouthbreathing (p = 0.007), oral habits (p = 0.047), age at termination of habits (p = 0.009), speech treatment (p = 0.002), ergotherapy, physiotherapy, and breastfeeding (p ≤ 0.001). DMFT (p ≤ 0.001) and modified DDE (p = 0.001) index showed significantly higher values for children with fetal alcohol syndrome. Conclusions: Children with fetal alcohol syndrome have a higher need for early developmental promotion such as speech treatment, ergotherapy, and physiotherapy. Mouthbreathing, habits, and lack of breastfeeding may result in orthodontic treatment needs. High DMFT and modified DDE indexes hint at a higher treatment and prevention need in dentistry.

Investigating a theatre-based intervention for Indigenous youth with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Keightley ◽  
Sabrina Agnihotri ◽  
Sivaniya Subramaniapillai ◽  
Julia Gray ◽  
Jennifer Keresztesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Emotional Awareness ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Indigenous Youth ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum

Background. Theatre-based interventions use artistic media to facilitate social and emotional awareness and have therapeutic benefits for persons with developmental disabilities and mental health problems. The role of these interventions with Indigenous youth who have emotional, behavioural, and cognitive sequelae related to fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) has not been explored. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences and acceptability of a theatre-based approach for facilitating social communication and engagement in youth with FASD. Method. Participants were three Indigenous youth with FASD. A qualitative exploration of the experiences and acceptability of the intervention was conducted via focus groups held 2 weeks post–program participation with the participants, their caregivers, and program facilitators. The transcripts were analyzed using an inductive thematic approach. Findings. Our results identified perceived postintervention improvements in participants’ development of self-esteem, social skills, and emotional awareness. Implications. A theatre-based arts intervention has the potential to support improvements in social skills for youth with FASD.

scholarly journals Spektrum płodowych zaburzeń alkoholowych (FASD – fetal alcohol syndrome disorder)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 114-128
Author(s):  
Anna Nowak ◽  
Adrian Michno
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum

Spożywanie alkoholu w trakcie ciąży jest zjawiskiem wysoce niepożądanym, często powodującym poronienia lub wiele nieprawidłowości rozwojowych dziecka. Spektrum Płodowych Zaburzeń Alkoholowych, tzw. FASD (ang. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder) określa zaburzenia fizyczne i psychiczne wynikające z wpływu alkoholu na zdrowie oraz zaburzenia behawioralne dziecka, które zazwyczaj są wtórne do zmian zachodzących w ośrodkowym układzie nerwowym, wywołanych alkoholowym zatruciem płodu w trakcie ciąży. Zmiany te są zazwyczaj nieodwracalne i uwidaczniają się w trakcie całego życia dziecka dotkniętego FASD, ale dzięki odpowiednim terapiom istnieje możliwość zminimalizowania objawów tych zaburzeń. Ich charakter i ciężkość zależą od kilku czynników, między innymi od czasu ekspozycji na alkohol oraz stanu zdrowia kobiety ciężarnej. Wśród klinicznych cech FASD wyróżnia się anomalie w obrębie twarzoczaszki, zaburzenia ośrodkowego układu nerwowego oraz opóźnienie wzrostu. Zmiany strukturalne indukowane alkoholem obejmują anomalie w układzie sercowo-naczyniowym, szkieletowym, nerkowo-moczowodowym, a także w narządach wzroku i słuchu. Ważną rolę odgrywa czas postawienia wstępnej diagnozy, bowiem umożliwia on wprowadzenie odpowiedniej terapii dla dziecka z FASD oraz wprowadzenie odpowiedniej edukacji rodziców i rodziny chorego dziecka. Istnieje możliwość zminimalizowania objawów i zaburzeń wynikających ze Spektrum Płodowych Zaburzeń Alkoholowych, do stopnia umożliwiającego prawidłowe funkcjonowanie dziecka i jego rodziny.

scholarly journals Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and youth justice: a prevalence study among young people sentenced to detention in Western Australia

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e019605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Bower ◽  
Rochelle E Watkins ◽  
Raewyn C Mutch ◽  
Rhonda Marriott ◽  
Jacinta Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Canadian Studies ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Impairment ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum

ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) among young people in youth detention in Australia. Neurodevelopmental impairments due to FASD can predispose young people to engagement with the law. Canadian studies identified FASD in 11%–23% of young people in corrective services, but there are no data for Australia.DesignMultidisciplinary assessment of all young people aged 10–17 years 11 months and sentenced to detention in the only youth detention centre in Western Australia, from May 2015 to December 2016. FASD was diagnosed according to the Australian Guide to the Diagnosis of FASD.Participants99 young people completed a full assessment (88% of those consented; 60% of the 166 approached to participate); 93% were male and 74% were Aboriginal.Findings88 young people (89%) had at least one domain of severe neurodevelopmental impairment, and 36 were diagnosed with FASD, a prevalence of 36% (95% CI 27% to 46%).ConclusionsThis study, in a representative sample of young people in detention in Western Australia, has documented a high prevalence of FASD and severe neurodevelopmental impairment, the majority of which had not been previously identified. These findings highlight the vulnerability of young people, particularly Aboriginal youth, within the justice system and their significant need for improved diagnosis to identify their strengths and difficulties, and to guide and improve their rehabilitation.

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