The Role of Age-Related Neural Timing Variability in Speech Processing

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Taylor ◽  
D. M. Roberts ◽  
C. L. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Speech Processing ◽  
Timing Variability ◽  
Age Related

The Role of Age-Related Neural Timing Variability in Speech Processing

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Taylor ◽  
Daniel M. Roberts ◽  
Carryl L. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Speech Processing ◽  
Timing Variability ◽  
Age Related

The Role of Cognition in Age-Related Hearing Loss

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (07) ◽  
pp. 539-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fergus I.M. Craik
Keyword(s):  
Speech Processing ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
Age Related Hearing Loss ◽  
Processing Framework

The article presents a commentary on the accompanying six papers from the perspective of a cognitive psychologist. Treisman's (1964, 1969) levels of analysis model of selective attention is suggested as a framework within which the interactions between 'bottom-up' auditory factors and 'top-down' cognitive factors may be understood. The complementary roles of auditory and cognitive aspects of hearing are explored, and their mutually compensatory properties discussed. The findings and ideas reported in the six accompanying papers fit well into such a 'levels of processing' framework, which may therefore be proposed as a model for understanding the effects of aging on speech processing and comprehension. El artículo presenta un comentario sobre los seis trabajos acompañantes desde la perspectiva de un psicólogo de la cognición. Se sugiere el modelo de Treisman (1964, 1969) de niveles de análisis de la atención selectiva como el marco dentro del cuál las interacciones entre los factores de atención "de abajo hacia arriba" y los factores cognitivos de "de arriba hacia abajo" pueden ser comprendidos. Se exploran los papeles complementarios de los aspectos auditivos y cognitivos de la audición y se discuten sus mutuas propiedades compensatorias. Los hallazgos e ideas reportados en los seis trabajos acompañantes calzan bien en dicho marco de "niveles de procesamiento", los que puede, por tanto, ser propuestos como un modelo para comprender el efecto del envejecimiento para el procesamiento y la comprensión del lenguaje.

Age-related memory deficit: Role of study time and encoding strategies

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Froger ◽  
Badiaa Bouazzaoui ◽  
Laurence Taconnat
Keyword(s):  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Study Time ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Encoding Strategies

Investigating the Role of Familiar Face and Voice Cues in Speech Processing in Noise

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeesun Kim ◽  
Sonya Karisma ◽  
Vincent Aubanel ◽  
Chris Davis
Keyword(s):  
Speech Processing ◽  
Familiar Face

Pathogenesis of Age-related Cataract: a systematic review of proteomic studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Karakosta ◽  
Argyrios Tzamalis ◽  
Michalis Aivaliotis ◽  
Ioannis Tsinopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oxidant Stress ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Human Lens ◽  
Nuclear Cataract ◽  
Cataract Formation ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Age Related

Background/Objective:: The aim of this systematic review is to identify all the available data on human lens proteomics with a critical role to age-related cataract formation in order to elucidate the physiopathology of the aging lens. Materials and Methods:: We searched on Medline and Cochrane databases. The search generated 328 manuscripts. We included nine original proteomic studies that investigated human cataractous lenses. Results:: Deamidation was the major age-related post-translational modification. There was a significant increase in the amount of αA-crystallin D-isoAsp58 present at all ages, while an increase in the extent of Trp oxidation was apparent in cataract lenses when compared to aged normal lenses. During aging, enzymes with oxidized cysteine at critical sites included GAPDH, glutathione synthase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, and PARK7. Conclusion:: D-isoAsp in αA crystallin could be associated with the development of age-related cataract in human, by contributing to the denaturation of a crystallin, and decreasing its ability to act as a chaperone. Oxidation of Trp may be associated with nuclear cataract formation in human, while the role of oxidant stress in age-related cataract formation is dominant.

The Role of Negative Personality Traits in Psychological Adaptation

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-125
Author(s):  
Юлия Черткова ◽  
Yuliya Chertkova ◽  
Марина Егорова ◽  
Marina Yegorova
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Personal Traits ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Age Related

The paper reflects one of the aspects of the research carried out within the framework of the project “Nature of variability of negative personality traits: a twin study”. The research reviews the adaptive component of negative personal traits. The sample of the study consisted of 136 members of monozygotic twins and 401 only children in their families aged 18-78. Life satisfaction was a generalized metric of psychological adaptation. It is shown that a number of negative personality traits (in particular, narcissism, authoritarianism) positively correlate with life satisfaction. The biased value of various personality traits, which can also indirectly serve as an indicator of adaptability of these psychological properties, was assessed using a semantic differential. The age-related changes in the perfect image of the self, which are associated primarily with some more attractive negative personal traits, as well as the multidirectional desired changes in personality traits in themselves and the twin (more power and conflict in themselves and less of the same in the brother/sister) also indicate that a number of negative personal traits play a positive role in psychological adaptation. It is assumed that these traits can have a compensatory function during stress, and the destructiveness of these traits can have a greater impact on people around than on themselves.

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