scholarly journals Building a Tribal–Academic Partnership to Address PTSD, Substance Misuse, and HIV Among American Indian Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia R. Pearson ◽  
Lucy Smartlowit-Briggs ◽  
Annie Belcourt ◽  
Michele Bedard-Gilligan ◽  
Debra Kaysen
Keyword(s):  
American Indian ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Research Infrastructure ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Assets Assessment ◽  
Publication Guidelines

Objectives. To describe our partnership and research infrastructure development strategies and discuss steps in developing a culturally grounded framework to obtain data and identify a trauma-informed evidence-based intervention. Method. We present funding strategies that develop and maintain the partnership and tools that guided research development. We share how a community research committee was formed and the steps taken to clarify the health concern and develop a culturally tailored framework. We present results from our needs/assets assessment that led to the selection of a trauma-informed intervention. Finally, we describe the agreements and protocols developed. Results. We produced a strong sustainable research team that brought program and research funding to the community. We created a framework and matrix of program objectives grounded in community knowledge. We produced preliminary data and research and publication guidelines that have facilitated program and research funding to address community-driven concerns. Conclusions. This study highlights the importance of bidirectional collaboration with American Indian communities, as well as the time and funding needed to maintain these relationships. A long-term approach is necessary to build a sustainable research infrastructure. Developing effective and efficient ways to build culturally based community research portfolios provides a critical step toward improving individual and community health outcomes.

scholarly journals DECONSTRUCTING THE MODEL-MINORITY MYTH OF U.S. ASIANS: DETERMINANTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF ELDER MISTREATMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S760-S760
Author(s):  
XinQi Dong ◽  
Melissa Simon
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Model Minority ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Model Minority Myth ◽  
Elder Mistreatment ◽  
Population Based Study

Abstract Elder mistreatment (EM) is increasingly recognized as a global health concern. Among U.S. minority and immigrant populations, the social contexts and psychological consequences associated with EM remain poorly understood. Further population-based epidemiological studies using standard EM measures are required to advance the field. To address this gap and to challenge prior assumptions regarding Asian populations, this purpose of this symposium is to improve our understanding of EM epidemiology in an older minority population. Data were drawn from the Population-based Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (PINE), a longitudinal, representative, population-based study of 3,157 community-dwelling Chinese older adults in the greater Chicago area. Session 1 will examine the transmission between child mistreatment, intimate partner violence, and EM. Session 2 will take a typology approach to capture the multifaceted family relationships, and will further examine which family typologies were associated with greater likelihood of EM, while which typologies were protective against EM. Session 3 will explore the positive and negative aspects of social support from spouse, family, and friends in relationship to EM subtypes, including psychological, physical, financial and sexual mistreatment, and caregiver neglect. Session 4 will examine the relationship between broad, moderate, and strict definitions of EM and likelihood of experiencing anxiety. Last, Session 5 will explore the differential relationships between EM subtypes and depressive symptoms. In summation, this symposium challenges popular conceptions of the “model minority myth” and aims to increase the practical and clinical relevance of EM epidemiology in community, research, healthcare, and policy settings.

Chicago's Pragmatic Planners

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-317
Author(s):  
Sudhir Venkatesh
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Popular Imagination ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
Community Area ◽  
The City ◽  
Grid Layout

Chicago is amythic city. Its representation in the popular imagination is varied and has included, at various times, the attributes of a blue-collar town, a city in a garden, and a gangster's paradise. Myths of Chicago “grow abundantly between fact and emotion,” and they selectively and simultaneously evoke and defer attributes of the city. For one perduring myth, social scientists may be held largely responsible: namely, that Chicago is “one of the most planned cities of themodern era,” with a street grid, layout of buildings and waterways, and organization of its residential and commercial architecture that reveal a “geometric certainty” (Suttles 1990). The lasting scholarly fascination with Chicago's geography derives in part from the central role that social scientists played in constructing the planned city. In the 1920s,University of Chicago sociologist Ernest Burgess worked with his colleagues in other social science disciplines to divide the city into communities and neighborhoods. This was a long and deliberate process based on large-scale “social surveys” of several thousand city inhabitants.Their work as members of the Local Community Research Committee (LCRC) produced the celebrated Chicago “community area”—that is, 75 mutually exclusive geographic areas of human settlement, each of which is portrayed as being socially and culturally distinctive.

The Cost of Merit in University Research1

1982 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Macdonald ◽  
Tom Mandeville ◽  
Don Lamberton
Keyword(s):  
Research Funding ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Staff Time ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The University ◽  
Australian Universities ◽  
Increase Efficiency

This paper is based on a research report published at the University of Queensland in November 1980, which emanated from research commissioned by the University's Research Committee and carried out by the authors. The study was concerned with the problem of distributing resources available for research and concluded that there was not an efficient use of such resources in the University of Queensland. Part of the study considered attempts to increase efficiency by funding those research projects which seemed to possess most merit. Such policy is becoming more common in Australian universities and this is understandable during a period of financial stringency. However, the policy seems to ignore the substantial costs associated with applying for merit grants, and to assume that any scheme funding the most deserving research automatically improves the efficiency of research funding. That is not necessarily so. Most research funding in Australian universities is provided in the form of staff salaries. When staff time is occupied by the merit application and assessment process, it is not available for research. Consequently there is a cost to research, a cost that is not widely appreciated and one which may well exceed the benefits of ill-considered merit schemes.

scholarly journals Trauma informed interventions: A systematic review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252747
Author(s):  
Hae-Ra Han ◽  
Hailey N. Miller ◽  
Manka Nkimbeng ◽  
Chakra Budhathoki ◽  
Tanya Mikhael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Health Inequities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Trauma Informed

Background Health inequities remain a public health concern. Chronic adversity such as discrimination or racism as trauma may perpetuate health inequities in marginalized populations. There is a growing body of the literature on trauma informed and culturally competent care as essential elements of promoting health equity, yet no prior review has systematically addressed trauma informed interventions. The purpose of this study was to appraise the types, setting, scope, and delivery of trauma informed interventions and associated outcomes. Methods We performed database searches— PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, SCOPUS and PsycINFO—to identify quantitative studies published in English before June 2019. Thirty-two unique studies with one companion article met the eligibility criteria. Results More than half of the 32 studies were randomized controlled trials (n = 19). Thirteen studies were conducted in the United States. Child abuse, domestic violence, or sexual assault were the most common types of trauma addressed (n = 16). While the interventions were largely focused on reducing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (n = 23), depression (n = 16), or anxiety (n = 10), trauma informed interventions were mostly delivered in an outpatient setting (n = 20) by medical professionals (n = 21). Two most frequently used interventions were eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (n = 6) and cognitive behavioral therapy (n = 5). Intervention fidelity was addressed in 16 studies. Trauma informed interventions significantly reduced PTSD symptoms in 11 of 23 studies. Fifteen studies found improvements in three main psychological outcomes including PTSD symptoms (11 of 23), depression (9 of 16), and anxiety (5 of 10). Cognitive behavioral therapy consistently improved a wide range of outcomes including depression, anxiety, emotional dysregulation, interpersonal problems, and risky behaviors (n = 5). Conclusions There is inconsistent evidence to support trauma informed interventions as an effective approach for psychological outcomes. Future trauma informed intervention should be expanded in scope to address a wide range of trauma types such as racism and discrimination. Additionally, a wider range of trauma outcomes should be studied.

scholarly journals 4143 HiREC Endowment: Building Models in Research Capacity for Infrastructure Sustainability and Productivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
Lourdes E. Soto de Laurido ◽  
Walter R. Frontera ◽  
Aracelis Huertas
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Junior Faculty ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Research Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Research Capacity Building ◽  
Research Award ◽  
Building Models

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Improve infrastructure, resources, partnerships, and metrics to enhance the research environment for Hispanic researchers as a Minority Serving Institution. To support the research infrastructure in our Campus to encourage a research culture of sustainability and productivity. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Development of four research capacity-building models to enhance the pathway of junior researchers as independent researchers:1. MSc Phase I-Scholar Award 2 years in a Post Doctoral Master in CTR ; 2. Advanced CTR Award 1 year to support research infrastructure development in submitting a grant to NIH with the mentoring of a Visiting Endowed Chair; 3. Mini Infrastructure Research Award 1 year provides funds to increase research productivity; 4. Award on Excellence in CTR recognizes a faculty member with a distinguished research portfolio that support HiREC Career Coach and Mentoring approach. HiREC targets junior faculty, early and mid-career researchers from our two partners Schools. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: HiREC has been recognize as support for research infrastructure development. Since 2011, 10 MSc Phase I-Scholar Awards have been granted increasing the pool of trained Hispanics researchers in P. R., the Advanced CTR Award of $50,000 each, from March, 2019, was granted to 2 women researchers from the SoM and 2 Visiting Endowed Chair were accepted as candidates. The Mini Infrastructure Research Award, since 2017, supported the development of 2 Science labs, data analysis, 3 peer review publications and other research capacity building. Two researchers from the SoM were honored with the HiREC 2018 Award on Excellence in CTR heighten the institutional recognition of top researchers’ endeavors. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: It’s imperative to pursue specific strategies that lead to successful research capacity-building models. By acknowledging institutional research infrastructure needs, trendy scientific and technological knowledges and researchers’ needs, HiREC have been able to successfully accomplish its mission. CONFLICT OF INTEREST DESCRIPTION: Authors have no conflict of interest in this research.

scholarly journals Feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of a web-based therapeutic intervention for post-traumatic stress disorder among American Indian/Alaska Native adults in primary care (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Hiratsuka ◽  
Laurie Moore ◽  
Jaedon P Avey ◽  
Lisa G Dirks ◽  
Barbara D Beach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Study Enrollment ◽  
Primary Care Patients

BACKGROUND Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a major public health concern among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations. Primary care clinics are often the first point of contact for AI/AN people seeking health care and are feasible locations for trauma-focused interventions. OBJECTIVE Web-based therapeutic interventions (WBTI) for PTSD have the potential to reduce PTSD symptoms in AI/AN primary care patients by offering culturally tailored psychoeducation and symptom self-management tools. In this study, we investigate the feasibility and acceptability in two AI/AN serving primary care sites and effectiveness of a WBTI on trauma symptom changes in a 12-week period. METHODS A community-based participatory research process was used to refine the WBTI adaptations and content, and conduct a feasibility test of the resultant 16-guide intervention “Health is Our Tradition: Balance and Harmony after Trauma” within two AI/AN healthcare settings. AI/AN people ages 18 years and older who were not in crisis and scored positive on the primary care PTSD instrument completed baseline measures and were trained on WBTI usage. Participants were provided weekly tip via text message during the 12-week intervention. Content was devised to reinforce website use, complement website content, and remind participants about follow-up visits. At each visit, participants completed follow-up versions of all baseline measures (except demographics) including the PC-PTSD and a satisfaction/acceptability questionnaire. Electronic health records were collected for the periods extending to 12 months prior to study enrollment and 3 months following study enrollment. Changes in perceptions of acceptability/feasibility between the 6-week and 12-week follow-up were examined with paired t-tests. Analysts explored changes in symptomatology over the 12-week intervention with one-way ANOVAs for repeated measures or repeated measures logistic regression tests. To examine the effect of the intervention on service utilization, analysts compared clinic visit frequency from the health record data in the 12 months before the intervention (divided by 4 for comparison) and the 3 months after it with paired t-tests. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test for non-parametric data was used to test significance for non-normally distributed data. RESULTS In a sample of N=24, the WBTI was well received with no difference in use, engagement, satisfaction or technical skills needed for use by age or gender. Website usage decreased significantly over the course of the 12-week intervention period yet participants reported significant reductions in PTSD, depression, and physical symptoms related to PTSD, and problematic alcohol use over the same period of WBTI usage. CONCLUSIONS The website shows promise for integration into primary care and behavioral health settings to augment and improve access to treatment of the health consequences of trauma exposure among adult AI/AN primary care patients.

Trauma-informed Care in the NICU – Implications for Parents and Staff

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Mary Coughlin McNeil
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Health Services Administration ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed

“The expectation that we can be immersed in suffering and loss daily and not be touched by it is as unrealistic as expecting to be able to walk on water without getting wet. This sort of denial is no small matter”1The concept of trauma and traumatic stress emerged in the field of mental health over forty years ago and is a widespread public health concern.  The paradigm of trauma-informed care acknowledges that trauma and traumatic stress overwhelm an individual’s ability to cope while simultaneously changing their biology with both short term and lifelong implications for health and wellbeing. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) was the first to implement a trauma-informed care framework which “(1) realizes the widespread impact of trauma; (2) recognizes the signs and symptoms of trauma in clients, families, staff, and others; (3) responds by fully integrating knowledge about trauma into policies, procedures, and practices; and (4) actively seeks to resist re-traumatization.”2

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