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2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Driscoll ◽  
Alison Evans Cuellar ◽  
Vinod Agarwal ◽  
Debra Jones ◽  
Kathy Hosig ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Drug overdose deaths in the United States have continued to increase at an alarming rateThe United States is facing two devastating public health crises– the opioid epidemic and the COVID-19 pandemic. Within this context, one of the most ambitious implementation studies in addiction research is moving forward. Launched in May 2019, the HEALing Communities Study (HCS) was developed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) as part of the Helping to End Addiction Long-termSM Initiative (National Institutes of Health, 2020). The goal for this research was to reduce opioid overdose deaths by 40 % in three years by enhancing and integrating the delivery of multiple evidence-based practices (EBPs) with proven effectiveness in reducing opioid overdose deaths across health care, justice, and community settings. This paper describes the initial vision, goals, and objectives of this initiative; the impact of COVID-19; and the potential for knowledge to be generated from HCS at the intersection of an unrelenting epidemic of opioid misuse and overdoses and the ravishing COVID-19 pandemic.. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration distributed more than $7 billion between January 2016 and June 2020 to address the drug overdose crisis. The funds were intended to support evidence-based responses, including medications for opioid use disorder, and other prevention, treatment and recovery activities. Although the SOR grants support much-needed community level interventions, many of the services they support may not be sustainable. Methods: This paper describes a statewide effort to support local entities through SAMHSA’s State Opioid Response (SOR) grants in Virginia. Our investigators conducted detailed needs assessment exercises with community agencies across the state, and collaboratively developed requests for proposals (RFPs) to sustain their SOR programs. We distributed the RFPs to prospective partners at universities across the state, and provided all responsive proposals to local agencies who selected the proposal most likely to meet their needs. Our investigators also conducted an inductive, three-phase content analysis approach to examine the RFPs submitted to the VHEOC to identify nominal categories of support requested of the academic partners. Results: Our investigators received and coded 27 RFPs from ten community agencies representing four of five regions of the state. We identified six nominal categories of academic support with high inter-coder agreement. The six categories of support requested of the academic partners were program development and support, literature review and best practices, outreach and education, data analysis and interpretation, program evaluation, and grant writing assistance. Several RFPs requested up to three categories of support in a single project. Conclusions: Our analysis of the requests received by the consortium identified several categories of academic support for SOR-grantees addressing the drug overdose crisis. The most common requests related to development and maintenance of supportive collaborations, which existing research has demonstrated is necessary for the long-term sustainability of SOR-funded services. In this way, the academic partners served as a source of support for sustainable SOR-funded programs. As the state opioid response program is implemented nationally, we hope that other states will consider similar models in response to the opioid crisis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Alexander Infantino ◽  
Sarah Paprotna ◽  
Siddharth Anilkumar

Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of good mental health is becoming more and more relevant. Outdoor therapies have been used as treatments for mental health for years, so the researchers investigated if stargazing has the potential to have the same benefits. Rather than surveying people on how often they stargaze, the researchers used light pollution data as a metric for the ability of a region to stargaze. The light pollution data was gathered from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) and the mental health data was collected from a survey conducted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). All fifty states were stratified based on light pollution and ten were chosen for analysis. From these states, the number of people with mental illness, number of people who received mental illness treatment, and number of attempted suicides were all considered. Linear regression was performed for these three metrics against light pollution. Overall, the correlation coefficient is too low to confidently establish correlation. Further research and different methods are required to determine the existence of a correlation.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Precious Anyanwu ◽  
Tyler J Varisco ◽  
Matthew A. Wanat ◽  
Shweta Bapat ◽  
Kasey Claborn ◽  
...  

Abstract: Aims: To compare county-level differences in the number of buprenorphine prescribers listed in the publicly available Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Buprenorphine Practitioner Locator and in the Drug Enforcement Administration’s (DEA) Controlled Substance Act (CSA) database and to determine if disparities in access exist in poorer areas with more non-white residents. Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: TexasMeasurements: County-level counts of buprenorphine prescribers were calculated from both the publicly available SAMHSA buprenorphine practitioner locator list and the DEA CSA database. These were then used to estimate the number of providers per 100,000 residents in each county. Regional variation in access to buprenorphine was compared descriptively across the state using poverty data from the US Census and county-level demography from the Texas Demographic Center. Results: This study found 68.8% more X-waivered providers on the DEA CSA database (n=2,622) with at least one provider reported in 125 of 144 counties in the state (49.2%) compared to the SAMHSA Buprenorphine Practitioner Locator (n=1,553) with at least one provider reported in 103 counties (40.5%). This difference was magnified in Texas Public Health Region 11. This is the poorest region of the state (23.7% of residents below the federal poverty line) and contains the most non-white residents 87.4% vs 54.9% (SD: 13.6%). This region had the lowest number of buprenorphine prescribers with 3.8 providers per 100,000 on the DEA CSA database and 2.5 providers per 100,000 in the SAMHSA Buprenorphine Practitioner Locator.Conclusions: The lack of a complete, public registry of buprenorphine prescribers makes it difficult for patients to identify a convenient buprenorphine prescriber and for referring physicians to help their patients access care. This may be especially true in poorer and more diverse areas with fewer buprenorphine prescribers.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Collins-Pisano ◽  
Juan Velez Court ◽  
Michael Johnson ◽  
George Mois ◽  
Jessica Brooks ◽  
...  

UNSTRUCTURED As digital peer support is quickly expanding across the globe in wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, standardization in the training and delivery of digital peer support can advance the professionalism of this field. While telehealth competencies exist for other fields of mental health practice such as social work, psychiatry, and psychology, limited research has been done to develop and promote digital peer support competencies. The goal of this manuscript is to introduce the co-production of core-competencies which can guide digital peer-support. Peer support specialists were recruited through a listserv and participated in a 1-hour virtual focus group. A total of four focus groups were conducted with 59 peer support specialists from 11 states and 3 countries. Analysis was conducted using RADar, and eleven themes were identified: (1) protecting the rights of service users; (2) technical knowledge and skill in the practice of digital peer support; (3) available technologies; (4) equity of access; (5) digital communication skills; (6) performance-based training; (7) monitoring digital peer support and addressing digital crisis; (8) peer support competencies; (9) self-care (emerging); (10) separating work from personal life (emerging); and (11) whole health (emerging). The introduction of digital peer support core competencies is an initial first step to promote the standardization of best practices in digital peer support. The established competencies can potentially act as a guide for training and skill development to be integrated into state peer support specialist competencies and enhance competencies endorsed by the Substance Abuse for Mental Health Services Administration.


Author(s):  
Samantha R Rivas ◽  
Alex C Tessner ◽  
Eli E Goldwyn

Abstract In 2016, more than 11 million Americans abused prescription opioids. The National Institute on Drug Abuse considers the opioid crisis a national addiction epidemic, as an increasing number of people are affected each year. Using the framework developed in mathematical modelling of infectious diseases, we create and analyse a compartmental opioid-abuse model consisting of a system of ordinary differential equations. Since $40\%$ of opioid overdoses are caused by prescription opioids, our model includes prescription compartments for the four most commonly prescribed opioids, as well as for the susceptible, addicted and recovered populations. While existing research has focused on drug abuse models in general and opioid models with one prescription compartment, no previous work has been done comparing the roles that the most commonly prescribed opioids have had on the crisis. By combining data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (which tracked the proportion of people who used or misused one of the four individual opioids) with data from the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (which counted the total number of prescriptions), we estimate prescription rates and probabilities of addiction for the four most commonly prescribed opioids. Additionally, we perform a sensitivity analysis and reallocate prescriptions to determine which opioid has the largest impact on the epidemic. Our results indicate that oxycodone prescriptions are both the most likely to lead to addiction and have the largest impact on the size of the epidemic, while hydrocodone prescriptions had the smallest impact.


Author(s):  
Kamala D. Via ◽  
Joann S. Oliver ◽  
Donna Shannon

BACKGROUND: The magnitude for potential burnout is enormous. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Addiction and Mental Health, and Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration reported diagnoses of psychiatric and substance use disorders are at an all-time high for physicians, psychiatrists, nurses, social workers, and psychologists. OBJECTIVE: Reduce the potential for burnout among outpatient mental health clinicians and staff. METHOD: Develop an agency wellness protocol utilizing evidence-based interventions to reduce the potential for clinician and staff burnout. RESULTS: Survey data indicated low to moderate levels of burnout and depersonalization. Staff and clinician recommendations provided during feedback sessions were incorporated with evidence-based interventions to establish a wellness protocol. CONCLUSION: Implementing evidence-based interventions in a wellness protocol may reduce the potential for clinician and staff burnout.


Author(s):  
Jesse A. Steinfeldt ◽  
Shondra L. Clay ◽  
Paul E. Priester

Abstract Background Despite conflicting results in the literature concerning its efficacy in practice, racial matching has been identified as a component of culturally sensitive treatment. Methods This study examined the perceived importance and prevalence of racial matching by surveying a national sample of substance use disorder (SUD) centers from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Results Using univariate statistical analysis, results for the prevalence of racial matching revealed that in 58% of the clinics, there was the potential to match a counselor with a racially similar client, while in 39% of the clinics, there was no potential to provide such a match. Among the agencies that displayed a potential for racial matching, 26% of the respondents indicated that they never racially matched clients and therapists, 71% reported that they sometimes practice racial matching, 15% indicated that they usually racially match, and only 7% purported to always racially match clients and therapists. Results for the perceived importance of racial matching revealed that in both situations where treatment centers had the potential for racial matching and did not have the potential for racial matching, supervisors reported that it was relatively important to provide culturally sensitive treatment but that it was not as important to match clients in SUD centers with racially/ethnically similar counselors. Conclusion The topic of racial matching can be very complex and has shown variation amongst SUD centers; however, this study emphasizes the importance of providing culturally sensitive treatment and an appreciation of differences among members within each racial group.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse A. Steinfeldt ◽  
Shondra L. Clay ◽  
Paul E. Priester

Abstract Background: Despite conflicting results in the literature concerning its efficacy in practice, racial matching has been identified as a component of culturally sensitive treatment. Methods: This study examined the perceived importance and prevalence of racial matching by surveying a national sample of substance use disorder (SUD) centers from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Results: Using univariate statistical analysis, results for the prevalence of racial matching revealed that in 58% of the clinics, there was the potential to match a counselor with a racially similar client, while in 39% of the clinics, there was no potential to provide such a match. Among the agencies that displayed a potential for racial matching, 26% of the respondents indicated that they never racially matched clients and therapists, 71% reported that they sometimes practice racial matching, 15% indicated that they usually racially match, and only 7% purported to always racially match clients and therapists. Results for the perceived importance of racial matching revealed that in both situations where treatment centers had the potential for racial matching and did not have the potential for racial matching, supervisors reported that it was relatively important to provide culturally sensitive treatment but that it was not as important to match clients in SUD centers with racially/ethnically similar counselors. Conclusion: The topic of racial matching can be very complex and has shown variation amongst SUD centers; however, this study emphasizes the importance of providing culturally sensitive treatment and an appreciation of differences among members within each racial group.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Regina Dorr ◽  
Gabriella Barbosa Nadas ◽  
Celia Sapin Duarte ◽  
Cristiane Damiani Tomasi ◽  
Lisiane Tuon

Objetivo: analisar os atendimentos realizados na Central de Regulação de Urgência/SAMU do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul no período de 2016 e 2017. Metodologia: estudo observacional, descritivo e retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa. Foram coletados os dados sobre perfil do usuário, dia da semana, classificação de risco, tipo do agravo, tempo médio de atendimento às solicitações, quantitativo de desistência da solicitação e número de chamados não regulados por falta de equipes ou veículos. Resultados: o número de solicitações por motivos clínicos foi 53.8%, destes 51,6% foram média gravidade. A prevalência foi do sexo masculino e idade entre 18 e 29 anos. Em 84,7% dos chamados solicitou-se suporte básico. O tempo resposta total foi entre 30 minutos e 1 hora, maior que o recomendado de acordo com a média nacional, seja nas as zonas urbanas ou rurais. Conclusão: este serviço necessita reduzir o tempo resposta de atendimento das solicitações.Palavras-chave: SAMU; Indicadores; Central de Regulação Estadual; Serviços Médicos de Emergência; Administração de Serviços de Saúde. Objective: to analyze the attendances performed at the Emergency Regulation Center / SAMU of the State of Rio Grande do Sul in 2016 and 2017, focusing in response time. Methodology: observational, descriptive and retrospective study with quantitative approach. Data were collected on user profile, day of the week, risk classification, type of grievance, average time to respond to requests, amount of withdrawal and number of calls not regulated due to lack of teams or vehicles. Results: The number of requests for clinical reasons was 53.8%, of these 51.6% were medium severity. The prevalence was male and aged between 18 and 29 years. In 84.7% of the calls, basic support was requested. The total response time was between 30 minutes and 1 hour, longer than recommended according to the national average, whether in urban or rural areas. Conclusion: After analyzing the calls, it is clear that the worst problem with the calls is the response time, and it is necessary to decrease the same of the requests.Key-words: SAMU; Indicators; Central of State Regulation; Emergency Medical Services; Health Services Administration.   Objetivo: analizar las asistencias realizadas en el Centro de Regulación de Emergencias / SAMU del Estado de Rio Grande do Sul en 2016 y 2017, centrándose en el tiempo de respuesta. Metodología: estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo con enfoque cuantitativo. Se recopilaron datos sobre el perfil del usuario, el día de la semana, la clasificación de riesgos, el tipo de queja, el tiempo promedio para responder a las solicitudes, la cantidad de retiros y la cantidad de llamadas no reguladas debido a la falta de equipos o vehículos. Resultados: El número de solicitudes por razones clínicas fue del 53.8%, de estas 51.6% fueron de gravedad media. La prevalencia fue masculina y de edades comprendidas entre 18 y 29 años. En el 84.7% de las llamadas, se solicitó soporte básico. El tiempo de respuesta total fue de entre 30 minutos y 1 hora, más de lo recomendado según el promedio nacional, ya sea en áreas urbanas o rurales. Conclusión: Después de analizar las llamadas, está claro que el peor problema con las llamadas es el tiempo de respuesta, y es necesario disminuir las mismas solicitudes.Palabras clave: SAMU; Indicadores; Central de Regulación Estatal; Servicios Médicos de Urgencia; Administración de los Servicios de Salud. 


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