An analysis of historical agency in Québec history textbooks

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc-André Éthier ◽  
David Lefrançois ◽  
Stéphanie Demers
Author(s):  
Catherine Duquette ◽  
Rose Fine-Meyer

The centenary of the beginning of the First World War has seen renewed global attention to the war. A proliferation of scholarly works, commemorative public events, documentaries, and museum exhibits dedicated to the war ensured that the participating nations reaffirmed messages of service and sacrifice. The global response provides some insight into how nations crafted the memory of the war and the links made between remembrance and national identity. The Canadian War Museum, along with various state commemorations, encased the events of the war within narratives of heroism and sacrifice, most recently with the celebratory focus on the Battle of Vimy Ridge. This renewed interest in the war inspired this study, which explores how the war was portrayed in Ontario and Quebec history textbooks in the immediate post-war decades. This project argues that an analysis of both the textual narratives and the visual culture portrayed in history textbooks helps us better understand messages of nationhood in Canada. Through an examination of history textbooks that were approved in Ontario and Quebec between 1920 and 1948, we seek to uncover what the Ontario Department of Education, the Catholic church, and publishers felt were important for students in schools to remember about Canada’s participation in the war.RésuméLe centenaire du début de la Première Guerre mondiale a contribué à renouveler l’intérêt du public pour la Grande Guerre. On observe alors une prolifération des ouvrages académiques, des événements commémoratifs publics, des documentaires et des expositions muséales qui y sont dédiés et dont le but est de réaffirmer le message de service et de sacrifice des États qui y ont pris part. Ces ouvrages et événements donnent un aperçu de comment les nations construisent leur mémoire de la guerre ainsi que des liens tissés entre le devoir de mémoire et l’identité nationale. Le Musée canadien de la guerre, ainsi que plusieurs commémorations gouvernementales, synthétisent les événements de la Grande Guerre dans un récit d’héroïsme et de sacrifice. Un exemple récent de cela est l’intérêt porté à la bataille de la crête de Vimy. Cet intérêt renouvelé envers la Grande Guerre a inspiré cette étude qui explore comment celle-ci a été représentée dans les manuels scolaires de l’Ontario et du Québec dans les décennies suivants la fin de la Première Guerre mondiale.  Ce projet propose qu’une analyse des manuels centrés sur les récits textuels et de la culture visuelle aide à mieux comprendre les messages associés à la construction de la nation canadienne. À partir d’un examen des manuels scolaires approuvés pour l’Ontario et ceux disponibles pour le Québec entre les années 1920 et 1948, nous cherchons à découvrir ce que le Département de l’Éducation de l’Ontario, l’Église Catholique et les maisons d’éditions considéraient comme étant importants à ce souvenir à propos de la participation du Canada à la Première Guerre mondiale. 


2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Perez Hattori

Many examples from Guam’s historiography demonstrate women’s influence in Chamorro society, ranging from cosmological accounts of a creator goddess to failed legislation in the early 1900s that sought to restrict occupations available to women. This article examines the representation of women, as well as indigenous Chamorros, in the five Guam History textbooks published since 1964. The findings reveal that the textbooks, including those written with a specifically “islander-centered” approach, teach Guam’s history in comprehensive chronologies that privilege men of political and military power. This telling consequently obfuscates the historical agency of any women, particularly Native ones. This article suggests that a move away from the standard political framework commonly found in textbooks would better assure the recognition of women’s contributions to society. Such a reframing of the historical lens could serve as a vehicle toward the decolonization of textbooks.


2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Tenorio-Trillo

By identifying two general issues in recent history textbook controversies worldwide (oblivion and inclusion), this article examines understandings of the United States in Mexico's history textbooks (especially those of 1992) as a means to test the limits of historical imagining between U. S. and Mexican historiographies. Drawing lessons from recent European and Indian historiographical debates, the article argues that many of the historical clashes between the nationalist historiographies of Mexico and the United States could be taught as series of unsolved enigmas, ironies, and contradictions in the midst of a central enigma: the persistence of two nationalist historiographies incapable of contemplating their common ground. The article maintains that lo mexicano has been a constant part of the past and present of the US, and lo gringo an intrinsic component of Mexico's history. The di erences in their historical tracks have been made into monumental ontological oppositions, which are in fact two tracks—often overlapping—of the same and shared con ictual and complex experience.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-63
Author(s):  
Hazel Tafadzwa Ngoshi

This article discusses the rhetorical construction of self-identity in Ian Smith's autobiography. I argue that in communicating self-identity and claiming historical agency, Smith deploys rhetoric born out of intertextuality. Intertextual references construct nation-building rhetoric that positions Smith as an agent of history. The article demonstrates that Smith's invocation of past texts and citations provokes unintended and problematic meanings. While Smith constructs rhetorical discourse, he is in turn also constructed by that discourse as a subject of history.


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