Grapevine communication

Communication is a constant part of Teaching Learning Process. The act of transferring information from one place, person or group to another is called communication. People who lie in the top hierarchy usually control formal channel of communication. Communication basically travels through informal channels, called “the grapevine.” Basically the term grapevine communication originated during early Civil War days when the telegraph wires strung through the trees and resembled like grapevines. It is observed that nowadays the grapevine means “the informal transmission of information, gossip or rumour spread from person to person.” As this mode of communication is informal, all information that passes through is open to change and interpretation can vary time to time. The well evident facts provide proofs that grapevine gives an outlet for imagination and truth seeking. Grapevine effect can be used to manage sharing of information amongst one another in an unofficial, or informal, manner. In this article an attempt is made to explain each and every dimension of grapevine communication i.e. Single Strand Chain, Gossip Chain, Probability Chain and Cluster Chain along with that advantages, disadvantages and significance of grapevine communication.

ON A NEWLY-COINED GROUP OF VERBS IN BULGARIAN AND RUSSIAN UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE INTERNET LANGUAGE

e influence of the Internet can be felt in all aspects of our lives – people live online, read online, getinformed and even get married online. Online communication has become our main source of exchanging ideas, getting information and even broadening our personal vocabulary. The language of the Internet has started being used on a daily basis, notwithstanding the age, status and occupation of the people involved in this kind of communication. In fact, the ones that appear to be most influenced by the Internet language are the younger generation. Not surprisingly, their imagination can becompared to a deep well abounding in new words and phrases that they automatically adopt in their everyday conversations using various Internet platforms. Even before youngsters can speak English, they start using certain phrases so as to sound cool and attractive, thus receiving more attention. And since the language on the Internet is a language of active communication, the hereby presented paper deals with the coinage of a new group of verbs in Bulgarian and Russian which have entered the youth slang, namely verbs such as хейтвам, лайквам, фейсбуквам (Bulgarian) ; апгрейдить, блинковать, юзать (Russian). Their appearance is influenced by the Internet and social media, which have proven to be a constant part of the life of teenagers, as well as English, which is the language of the Internet. What is investigated are the reasons for the coinage of this group of neologisms in both languages of interest, their word-formative patterns, and the peculiarities in their usage in Bulgarian and Russian.

Investigation and Validation of the Time-Varying Characteristic for the GPS Differential Code Bias

The time-varying characteristic of the bias in the GPS code observation is investigated using triple-frequency observations. The method for estimating the combined code bias is presented and the twelve-month (1 January–31 December 2016) triple-frequency GPS data set from 114 International GNSS Service (IGS) stations is processed to analyze the characteristic of the combined code bias. The results show that the main periods of the combined code bias are 12, 8, 6, 4, 4.8 and 2.67 h. The time-varying characteristic of the combined code bias, which is the combination of differential code bias (DCB) (P1–P5) and DCB (P1–P2), shows that the real satellite DCBs are also time-varying. The difference between the two sets of the computed constant parts of the combined code bias, with the IGS DCB products of DCB (P1–P2) and DCB (P1–P2) and the mean of the estimated 24-h combined code bias series, further show that the combined code bias cannot be replaced by the DCB (P1–P2) and DCB (P1–P5) products. The time-varying part of inter-frequency clock bias (IFCB) can be estimated by the phase and code observations and the phase based IFCB is the combinations of the triple-frequency satellite uncalibrated phase delays (UPDs) and the code-based IFCB is the function of the DCBs. The performances of the computed the IFCB with different methods in single point positioning indicate that the accuracy for the constant part of the combined code bias is reduced, when the IGS DCB products are used to compute. These performances also show that the time-varying part of IFCB estimated with phase observation is better than that of code observation. The predicted results show that 98% of the predicted constant part of the combined code bias can be corrected and the attenuation of the predicted accuracy is much less evident. However, the accuracy of the predicted time-varying part decreases significantly with the predicted time.

Gene Info: Easy retrieval of gene product information on any website

Viewing information about gene products is a constant part of the molecular biologist’s life. While there are many high quality and well-designed resources to fulfill this need, they require the user to navigate to these resources, execute a search, select the desired result and then view its information. This can be a repetitive, time-consuming and even disruptive process, for example when exploring the results of large scale genomics or proteomics screens or reading an online article.

Extended a constant part of Redheffer's type inequalities

J-L. Li and Y-L. Li \cite{LL2007} gave the following Redheffer's type inequality; \begin{equation*} \frac{ 1 -\left( \frac{x}{\pi} \right)^2 }{ \sqrt{1 + 3 \left( \frac{x}{\pi} \right)^4}} > \frac{\sin{x}}{x} \end{equation*} holds for $0 < x < \pi$, where the constant $3$ is the best possible. In this paper, we establish two inequalities extended the constant part of the above inequality.

Students’ Learning Ability as the Basis for Functioning in Information Society

In the age of rapid civilization transformations, learning is a constant part of every human being's life. The knowledge acquired at school is rapidly becoming outdated. Learning ability is the basic condition for dealing with a fast growth of knowledge. The article has attempted to provide answers to the following questions: Do students know how to learn? Can students learn? Do students think they are prepared for learning? How do students evaluate their abilities to learn?