How local journalists interpret and evaluate media convergence: An empirical study of journalists from four press groups in Fujian

Previous studies on the influence of media convergence in China either took a market- or norm-oriented approach. From a news production perspective, the current study analyses the interaction between the top-down design and bottom-up practices of journalists to disclose the influence of the dominant path of media convergence within the press industry of Fujian Province. A survey and 20 in-depth interviews show that the current media convergence practices of Fujian’s press industry fail to receive the support of journalists because of institutional, organisational and individual complexities, rather than technological reasons. This study discusses the implications of this finding for media convergence in China.

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Upaya Pengembangan Kurikulum Prodi S.2 Manajemen Pendidikan Islam (MPI) UIN Walisongo Semarang

Nadwa ◽

10.21580/nw.2018.12.1.2466 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 155

Author(s):

Muslih Muslih

Keyword(s):

Curriculum Development ◽

National Standards ◽

Islamic Education ◽

Development Effort ◽

Top Down ◽

Study Program ◽

Bottom Up ◽

Higher Education Curriculum ◽

Market Needs ◽

Depth Interviews

This article presents a discussion of Curriculum Development Effort of S.2 Management of Islamic Education (MPI) UIN Walisongo Semarang especially related to input fom users or ekesternal stakeholders, which include graduate and alumni users. Data collection methods used were open questionnaires, in-depth interviews and documentation. The findings of the research mentioned that the effort of curriculum development of Study Program S.2 Management of Islamic Education UIN Walisongo Semarang has two strategies. First: a bottom up strategy that reactive to market needs with indicators that graduate users have been satisfied and responsive to the needs of the graduates themselves. While the second stretegi is top down, following the National Standards of Higher Education Curriculum based on National Qualifiers Framework Indonesia (KKNI). Therefore, it can be said that in the effort of curriculum development, a joint effort is made between stakeholders' inputs and government standards.AbstrakArtikel ini menyajikan pembahasan mengenai Upaya Pengembangan Kurikulum Prodi S.2 Manajemen Pendidikan Islam (MPI) UIN Walisongo Semarang khususnya yang berhubungan dengan masukan users atau stakehoders ektsternal yang meliputi pengguna lulusan dan alumni. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner terbuka, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Temuan penelitian menyebutkan bahwa Upaya pengembangan kurikulum Program Studi S.2 Manajemen Pendidikan Islam Pascasarjana UIN Walisongo Semarang telah menempuh dua strategi. Yaitu bottom up yang responsive terhadap kebutuhan pasar dengan indikator bahwa pengguna lulusan telah merasa puas dan responsive dengan kebutuhan lulusan itu sendiri. Sedangkan stretegi kedua dengan top down berdasarkan standart Nasional Kurikulum Pendidikan Tinggi barbasis Kerangka Kualifikasi Nasional Indonesia (KKNI). Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa dalam upaya pengembangan kurikulum, ditempuh upaya gabungan antara masukan stakeholders dan standar pemerintah.

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Diffusion of Development Journalism Inside Egyptian Newsrooms

The International Journal of Press/Politics ◽

10.1177/19401612211040026 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 194016122110400

Author(s):

Rasha Allam ◽

Ahmed El Gody

Keyword(s):

Arab Spring ◽

Organizational Structures ◽

Top Down ◽

Bottom Up ◽

News Organizations ◽

Technological Developments ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

The Way

This study examines the boundaries and limitations of the diffusion of “development journalism” among both the editorial body and the journalist body in the Egyptian newsrooms after the 2011 Arab Spring. Newsrooms under study represent different perspectives including state-owned, private-independent, and opposition newspapers. Through in-depth interviews with thirty-seven editors in chief and journalists, the authors studied how the editors and journalists at each newspaper define development journalism, whether the diffusion of development journalism follows a top-down or bottom-up approach, and if development journalism could influence the setting of the news agenda. Results show that the differences are not only apparent in the way development journalism is defined inside the different news organizations, but also between managers and journalists within each. Organizational structures and technological developments are as well factors that affect the way development journalism is diffused inside newsrooms.

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Learning from unexpected events in the neocortical microcircuit

10.1101/2021.01.15.426915 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Colleen J. Gillon ◽

Jason E. Pina ◽

Jérôme A. Lecoq ◽

Ruweida Ahmed ◽

Yazan Billeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pyramidal Neurons ◽

Top Down ◽

Unexpected Events ◽

Unexpected Event ◽

Bottom Up ◽

Two Photon ◽

Cortical Responses ◽

To Receive ◽

Hierarchical Computation ◽

Apical Dendrites

AbstractScientists have long conjectured that the neocortex learns the structure of the environment in a predictive, hierarchical manner. To do so, expected, predictable features are differentiated from unexpected ones by comparing bottom-up and top-down streams of data. It is theorized that the neocortex then changes the representation of incoming stimuli, guided by differences in the responses to expected and unexpected events. Such differences in cortical responses have been observed; however, it remains unknown whether these unexpected event signals govern subsequent changes in the brain’s stimulus representations, and, thus, govern learning. Here, we show that unexpected event signals predict subsequent changes in responses to expected and unexpected stimuli in individual neurons and distal apical dendrites that are tracked over a period of days. These findings were obtained by observing layer 2/3 and layer 5 pyramidal neurons in primary visual cortex of awake, behaving mice using two-photon calcium imaging. We found that many neurons in both layers 2/3 and 5 showed large differences between their responses to expected and unexpected events. These unexpected event signals also determined how the responses evolved over subsequent days, in a manner that was different between the somata and distal apical dendrites. This difference between the somata and distal apical dendrites may be important for hierarchical computation, given that these two compartments tend to receive bottom-up and top-down information, respectively. Together, our results provide novel evidence that the neocortex indeed instantiates a predictive hierarchical model in which unexpected events drive learning.

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An Object-Oriented Approach Using a Top-Down and Bottom-Up Process for Manipulative Action Recognition

Lecture Notes in Computer Science - Pattern Recognition ◽

10.1007/11861898_22 ◽

2006 ◽

pp. 212-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Zhe Li ◽

Jannik Fritsch ◽

Sven Wachsmuth ◽

Gerhard Sagerer

Keyword(s):

Action Recognition ◽

Object Oriented ◽

Top Down ◽

Bottom Up ◽

Object Oriented Approach ◽

Oriented Approach

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From a multi-ethnic empire to a national state: the contribution of Romanian officers in the Habsburg army to the creation of Greater Romania as presented by Transylvanian journalists

The Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies ◽

10.53604/rjbns.v10i1_5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 53-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mihaela Mehedinți-Beiean

Keyword(s):

World War I ◽

Clear Picture ◽

World War ◽

Top Down ◽

National State ◽

Bottom Up ◽

Old Kingdom ◽

The Press ◽

Before And After ◽

Research Questions

Greater Romania was created at the end of World War I as a result of both top-down and bottom-up processes that involved all social layers from Transylvania and the Old Kingdom. The present study focuses on a particular category of actors that took part in the Great Union of 1 December 1918, namely Romanian officers from the Austrian army, and on a specific set of sources, i.e. Transylvanian periodicals issued around this date. In order to answer a number of research questions centered on Romanian officers’ contribution to the historical act that took place in Alba Iulia, I used articles that appeared throughout 1918 in four Transylvanian periodicals, namely Biserica și Școala, Drapelul, Transilvania and Unirea. The study’s chief aim is to provide a clear picture of the manner in which Romanian officers from the Austrian army were depicted by the press shortly before and after Transylvania’s union with Romania was proclaimed, as well as of the nature of their participation in the events: as delegates of the National Guards or as agents whose goal was to ensure order during the meeting.

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