scholarly journals Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography virtual endoscopy and flexible fibre-optic laryngoscopy in the evaluation of neck anatomic structures and neoplasms

2020 ◽  
pp. 197140092095723
Author(s):  
Angela Guarnizo ◽  
Rafael Glikstein ◽  
Vered Tsehmaister-Abitbul ◽  
Ionut Busca ◽  
Samy El-Sayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Virtual Endoscopy ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Fibre Optic ◽  
Vocal Cords ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Laryngeal Lesions ◽  
Mcnemar’S Test

Background and purpose Computed tomography virtual endoscopy (CT-VE) is a non-invasive technique which allows visualisation of intraluminal surfaces by tridimensional reconstruction of air/soft tissues. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of CT-VE and flexible fibre-optic laryngoscopy (FFL) in identifying normal neck anatomic structures and pharyngeal and laryngeal lesions. Methods Forty-two patients with a history of neck cancer were assessed by two ENT surgeons using FFL and by one neuroradiologist using CT-VE in order to evaluate the visualisation of the epiglottis, vallecula, glossoepiglottic folds, pyriform sinuses, vocal cords and mass pathology. The visualisation of the structures in both modalities was assessed according to the following score: 0 = not visualised, 1 = partial visualisation, 2 = complete and clear visualisation. A weighted kappa coefficient was used to evaluate the inter-observer agreement. McNemar’s test was performed to compare the two diagnostic tests. Results The inter-observer agreement between FFL and CT-VE was fair in the assessment of the vocal cords ( k = 0.341); moderate in the assessment of the glossoepiglottic folds ( k = 0.418), epiglottis ( k = 0.513) and pyriform sinuses ( k = 0.477); and substantial in the assessment of the vallecula ( k = 0.618) and the tumour (0.740). McNemar’s test showed no significant difference between the two tests ( p<0.05). Conclusion CT-VE is a non-invasive technique with a diagnostic accuracy comparable to FFL in terms of visualisation of anatomical structures and pharyngeal and laryngeal lesions.

Office hysteroscopic-guided selective tubal chromopertubation: acceptability, feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of this new diagnostic non-invasive technique in infertile women

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaspare Carta ◽  
Patrizia Palermo ◽  
Chiara Pasquale ◽  
Valeria Conte ◽  
Ruggero Pulcinella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Adenomatous Hyperplasia of Thyroid Nodule Classification: Texture Feature Analysis Methodoloyof Ultrasound Images

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S3) ◽  
pp. 1377-1379
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Texture Feature ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Adenomatous Hyperplasia ◽  
Difference Matrix ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Significant Difference

This paper, explores to extract textural feature from ultrasound Adenomatous Hyperplasia thyroid nodule. The extracted texture feature will help the clinician to improve diagnostic accuracy. The Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) and Histopathology report is the conventional diagnostic methodology. It is an invasive technique and patients are subjected to painful process. Non-invasive, non-contact and low cost imaging tool is essential to increase the clinical diagnostic accuracy. Ultrasound imaging is a potential non-invasive modality to capture Adenomatous Hyperplasia thyroid nodule. Adenomatous Hyperplasia thyroid nodule is the common inflammation in thyroid gland abnormality. The texture features, using Law’s Texture Energy Measures (Law’s TEM), Neighborhood Gray Tone Difference Matrix (NGTDM) and Statistical Feature Matrix (SFM) are extracted from normal and adenomatous hyperplasia of thyroid nodules. The normal and abnormal images are demarcated using T-test analysis. The extracted feature shows significant difference between normal and abnormal images with p value less than 0.001(p < 0.001). Hence the Law’s Texture Energy based feature may be used to identify the pathology in the thyroid ultrasound images.

Abstract 3407: Atherosclerotic Plaque Imaging using Phase-contrast X-ray Computed Tomography

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu Shinohara ◽  
Tomoya Yamashita ◽  
Hideto Tawa ◽  
Masafumi Takeda ◽  
Naoto Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Non Invasive

Background: Reliable non-invasive imaging modalities to characterize atherosclerotic plaque components are clinically desirable for detecting unstable coronary plaques, which cause acute coronary syndrome or sudden death. Although recent clinical developments in computed tomography (CT) have enabled the visualization of luminal narrowing and calcified plaques in coronary arteries, the evaluation of non-calcified plaque components remains difficult. Phase-contrast X-ray CT imaging has great potential to reveal the structures inside soft tissues because its sensitivity to light elements is almost 1000 times greater than that of absorption-contrast clinical X-ray imaging. We for the first time examined mouse atherosclerotic plaques using phase-contrast X-ray CT and found promising results. Methods and Results: Ex vivo phase-contrast X-ray CT was performed using a synchrotron radiation source (SPring-8, Japan) to investigate atherosclerotic plaque components in mice. Samples were also histologically analyzed. Phase-contrast X-ray CT at a spatial resolution of 10 –20 μm revealed atherosclerotic plaque components, and thin fibrous caps could be easily detected. The specific mass densities of these components were estimated using dδ (differences in the refractive indexes relative to water). While lipid-rich areas showed low dδ (0.79 ± 0.13 × 10 −8 ) and mass density (1.011 ± 0.001 g/ml), the smooth muscle- and collagen-rich areas showed high dδ (4.18 ± 0.10 × 10 −8 and 5.93 ± 0.13 × 10 −8 , respectively) and mass density (1.057 ± 0.001 g/ml and 1.08 ± 0.002 g/ml, respectively). It was rather easy to evaluate or differentiate the atherosclerotic plaque components using this novel phase-contrast X-ray CT imaging. Moreover, the three-dimensional assessment of plaques was possible, and it enabled the imaging of their anatomical information. Conclusions: Phase-contrast X-ray CT can estimate the tissue-mass density of atherosclerotic plaques and distinguish the lipid-rich areas from the collagen-rich areas. This is a promising non-invasive technique for the investigation of plaque components and detection of unstable coronary plaques.

scholarly journals Comparison of Cone Beam Computed Tomography and ultrasonography with two types of probes in the detection of opaque and non-opaque foreign bodies

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kemal Osgur Demiralp ◽  
Kaan Orhan ◽  
Emine Şebnem Kurşun-Çakmak ◽  
Cansu Gorurgoz ◽  
Seval Bayrak
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Bone Surface ◽  
Linear Probe ◽  
The Us

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of intra-oral and extra-oral ultrasonographic (US) examinations performed with linear and convex probes in the detection of opaque and non-opaque foreign bodies (FBs) located in the maxillofacial area.Materials and methods: Thirteen different type of FBs were inserted into a sheep’s head: a) on the external bone surface of mandible (between the mandibular corpus and masseter muscle), b) in the intrinsic muscular tissue (in the dorsum of the tongue) and c) in the hollow structures (into the maxillary sinus of the sheep’s head). The FBs in muscle tissue were scanned intra-orally whereas FBs in bone external bone surface of mandible and in maxillary sinus were scanned both intra-orally and extra-orally. The sensitivity of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and US imaging methods in detection of FBs were compared for FBs on the bone surface and in the muscular tissue.Results: The intra-observer kappa coefficients provided identical values of 0.236 for the extra-oral convex probe, 0.461 for the intra-oral linear probe for overall FBs detection, which indicated notably poor to fair intra-observer agreement. The inter-observer agreement showed a poor agreement for the extra-oral use of linear probe (0.341 and 0.393) and extra-oral use of convex probe (0.319 and 0.335), However, a fair agreement was determined for use of probe intra-orally (0.530 and 0.534). Overall, the diagnostic accuracy of the CBCT was higher than the US regarding the visualization of FBs in the bone tissue.Conclusion: US with a linear probe should be the first choice for the detection of the low-radiodensity FBs, which are entrapped in the soft tissue. However, CBCT is a more sensitive technique for the visualization of FBs in air and bone tissue compared to the US, particularly for the diagnosis of high-radiodensity FBs.

scholarly journals Cytohistologic Correlation of Urothelial Cancers– A study of 57 Cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
SM Badruddoza ◽  
FA Azim ◽  
AJE Nahar Rahman ◽  
M Kamal ◽  
AR Barua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Invasive Carcinoma ◽  
Urine Cytology ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Non Invasive

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) comprises about 90% of all primary tumors of urinary bladder. The accuracy of multiple voided urine cytology justifies its continued use as a first line diagnostic and detection technique, particularly for high grade invasive cancers and clinically unsuspected case of carcinoma particularly carcinoma in-situ. In this study 57 cases were taken to see correlation of cytology, histology, stage, morphological pattern and sensitivity and specificity of urothelial cancers. Out of 57, 53 (92.99)% were positive for malignancy and 4(7.01%) were negative. There were 14 (24.56%) non-invasive papillary tumors, 1(1.76%) carcinoma in-situ and 42 (76.68%) invasive carcinoma of all grades and types. Of 14 grade-II non-invasive papillary tumors, 12 (85.72%) were cytologically positive. With only two exceptions, out of 39 all of the invasive carcinomas of all grades and types were identified by cytology as cancerous. A 100% positive cytology was noted in the detection of flat carcinoma in-situ, papillary adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Of the total 57 cases of malignant lesions of urinary tract, 53 (92.99%) were positive on cytological examination. The two TCC of the renal pelvis also gave a 100% positive cytologic results. Among invasive carcinoma, stage B1 and B2 urothelial cancers yield highest positive cytologic diagnosis rather than stage 0 and stage A urothelial cancers. For all tumors the sensitivity was 92.99%. The specificity was 100% since there were no false positive cases. The diagnostic accuracy was 93% (approximately). Comparison with previously published data this study showed highest diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity of voided urine cytology, good correlation with cytology histology and stage of tumor. So voided urine cytology, a very cheap and purely non invasive technique, can be done as an effective method to diagnose urothelial cancers in a developing country like Bangladesh where facilities for other investigations are practically limited.TAJ 2017; 30(1): 1-10

Coronary computed tomography for the interventionalist

2010 ◽  
pp. 182-197
Author(s):  
P.J. de Feijter ◽  
C. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Invasive Coronary Angiography ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Diagnostic Quality ◽  
Coronary Computed Tomography ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Coronary Ct ◽  
Ct Scanners

In recent years coronary computed tomography (CT) has developed as a spectacular non-invasive technique to visualize the coronary arteries and its manifestations of coronary atherosclerosis. The coronary CT scanner has rapidly evolved from the initial 4-and 16-slice CT scanners, to the now considered state-of-the-art 64-slice CT scanners, while 256- and 320-slice CT-prototype scanners have now been introduced for clinical evaluation. It is expected that the CT technique will further evolve and eventually will become of sufficient diagnostic quality that it may replace invasive coronary angiography (CA) to reliably assess both non-obstructive and obstructive coronary lesions.

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