scholarly journals Osteoid osteoma of the rib with strong F-18 fluoro-deoxyglucose uptake mimicking osteoblastoma: a case report with literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 205846012110224
Author(s):  
Yuka Ishikura ◽  
Rika Yoshida ◽  
Takeshi Yoshizako ◽  
Kouji Kishimoto ◽  
Noriyoshi Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Osteoid Osteoma ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Bone Lesion ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Positron Emission

Osteoid osteoma is a benign osteoblastic bone lesion, characterized by nocturnal pain alleviated by salicylates or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This tumor distinctly affects the long bones, typically the femur or tibia and is rarely located in the ribs. Usually, this tumor is usually diagnosed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, but F-18 fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomographic (FDG-PET)/computed tomography is usually negative and is not used for diagnosis. We recently encountered a case of an osteoid osteoma located in the rib of 44-year-old Asian male with strong FDG uptake as high as 12.0 at the maximum standardized uptake value at FDG-PET/computed tomography. His computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed osteosclerosis, bone marrow edema, and edema of surrounding tissues not only in the bone with nidus but also in the adjacent bone, and pathological findings showed strong infiltration munched radiology. Strong FDG uptake mimicking osteoblastoma. Osteoid osteoma with strong FDG uptake suggested a strong inflammatory response.

scholarly journals Tuberculous Encephalitis May Be Undetectable on Magnetic Resonance Imaging but Detectable on 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography–Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boby Varkey Maramattom ◽  
Shagos Gopalan Nair Santhamma
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Neurotuberculosis (NT) continues to be a global health problem with severe morbidity and mortality. The manifestations of NT are well-known and encompass forms such as meningitis, tuberculomas, military tuberculosis, ventriculitis, and brain abscess. Data of all patients with central nervous system tuberculosis who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) were analyzed. Over a 7-year period (2014–2021), we encountered three patients who had dense neurological deficits and 18F-FDG PET-CT results suggesting focal cortical encephalitis. 18F-FDG PET-CT demonstrated focal hypermetabolism involving focal–regional areas of the left hemisphere that corresponded to clinical deficits in two of the three patients. Follow-up 18F-FDG PET-CT showed improvement in cortical hypermetabolism in all three patients that corresponded with clinical improvement. MRI of the brain with contrast showed subtle leptomeningeal enhancement in these areas, along with other features of NT, but it could not detect cortical involvement. A literature review also revealed some previous descriptions that seemed to be consistent with tuberculous encephalitis (TbE). TbE seems to be a distinct subset of NT and may coexist with other features of NT or disseminated tuberculosis. It may be detected by 18F-FDG PET-CT even when brain MRI does not show any evident abnormality to explain a focal neurological deficit. 18F-FDG PET-CT can be considered during the evaluation and monitoring of NT to detect TbE. The presence of TbE may affect the prognosis and treatment duration of NT.

[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography in Patients with Medulloblastoma

Neurosurgery ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1280-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridharan Gururangan ◽  
Eugene Hwang ◽  
James E. Herndon ◽  
Herbert Fuchs ◽  
Timothy George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Fdg Pet Scan ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulation during positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with medulloblastoma and examined the relationship of intensity of uptake with patient outcome after the initial scan. METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging and FDG-PET scans of brain and spine were used to assess FDG uptake by visual grade (qualitative analysis) and metabolic activity ratios (Tmax/Gmean and Tmax/Wmean). Patients were divided into two groups based on either confirmation of tumor by biopsy and/or death resulting from progressive disease after the initial FDG-PET scan (Group A) or no intervention for the suspected lesion shown on magnetic resonance imaging after the initial FDG-PET scan but currently alive without evidence of disease (Group B). RESULTS: Twenty-two patients with either recurrent (n = 21) or newly diagnosed (n = 1) medulloblastoma underwent brain (n = 18) or whole-body (n = 4) FDG-PET scans after magnetic resonance imaging evidence of suspected tumor. The median qualitative analysis was 3 (range, 0–4) in 17 Group A patients compared with 0 (range, 0–1) in 5 Group B patients (P = 0.0003). The mean Tmax/Gmean and Tmax/Wmean ratios for 16 Group A patients were 1.3 (range, 0.1–3.8) and 2.10 (range, 0.4–5.2), respectively, compared with 0.80 (range, 0.20–1.5) and 1.3 (range, 0.5–1.9) in 5 Group B patients (P = 0.2 for both parameters, not significant). There was a significant negative correlation between increased FDG uptake and survival. Higher qualitative analysis and Tmax/Wmean were associated with significantly poorer 2-year overall survival after the initial scan (71% versus 15% for qualitative analysis grade of <3 versus ≥3, P = 0.001; 46% versus 0% for Tmax/Wmean ≤2.5 versus –2.5, P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Increased FDG uptake is observed in medulloblastoma and is correlated negatively with survival.

Increased Fluorine-18 2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose (FDG) Uptake in Childhood CNS Tumors Is Correlated With Malignancy Grade: A Study With FDG Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging Coregistration and Image Fusion

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 3030-3037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Borgwardt ◽  
Liselotte Højgaard ◽  
Henrik Carstensen ◽  
Henning Laursen ◽  
Markus Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Malignancy Grading

Purpose Positron emission tomography (PET) has been used in grading of CNS tumors in adults, whereas studies of children have been limited. Patients and Methods Nineteen boys and 19 girls (median age, 8 years) with primary CNS tumors were studied prospectively by fluorine-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) PET with (n = 16) or without (n = 22) H215O-PET before therapy. Image processing included coregistration to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in all patients. The FDG uptake in tumors was semiquantitatively calculated by a region-of-interest–based tumor hotspot/brain index. Eight tumors without histologic confirmation were classified as WHO grade 1 based on location, MRI, and clinical course (22 to 42 months). Results Four grade 4 tumors had a mean index of 4.27 ± 0.5, four grade 3 tumors had a mean index of 2.47 ± 1.07, 10 grade 2 tumors had a mean index of 1.34 ± 0.73, and eight of 12 grade 1 tumors had a mean index of −0.31 ± 0.59. Eight patients with no histologic confirmation had a mean index of 1.04. For these 34 tumors, FDG uptake was positively correlated with malignancy grading (n = 34; r = 0.72; P < .01), as for the 26 histologically classified tumors (n = 26; r = 0.89; P < .01). The choroid plexus papilloma (n = 1) and the pilocytic astrocytomas (n = 3) had a mean index of 3.26 (n = 38; r = 0.57; P < .01). H215O-uptake showed no correlation with malignancy. Digitally performed PET/MRI coregistration increased information on tumor characterization in 90% of cases. Conclusion FDG PET of the brain with MRI coregistration can be used to obtain a more specific diagnosis with respect to malignancy grading. Improved PET/MRI imaging of the benign hypermetabolic tumors is needed to optimize clinical use.

scholarly journals A Baboon Brain Atlas for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Positron Emission Tomography Image Analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Agaronyan ◽  
Raeyan Syed ◽  
Ryan Kim ◽  
Chao-Hsiung Hsu ◽  
Scott A. Love ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Brain Atlas ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Papio Anubis ◽  
Olive Baboon ◽  
Positron Emission

The olive baboon (Papio anubis) is phylogenetically proximal to humans. Investigation into the baboon brain has shed light on the function and organization of the human brain, as well as on the mechanistic insights of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Non-invasive brain imaging, including positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are the primary outcome measures frequently used in baboon studies. PET functional imaging has long been used to study cerebral metabolic processes, though it lacks clear and reliable anatomical information. In contrast, MRI provides a clear definition of soft tissue with high resolution and contrast to distinguish brain pathology and anatomy, but lacks specific markers of neuroreceptors and/or neurometabolites. There is a need to create a brain atlas that combines the anatomical and functional/neurochemical data independently available from MRI and PET. For this purpose, a three-dimensional atlas of the olive baboon brain was developed to enable multimodal imaging analysis. The atlas was created on a population-representative template encompassing 89 baboon brains. The atlas defines 24 brain regions, including the thalamus, cerebral cortex, putamen, corpus callosum, and insula. The atlas was evaluated with four MRI images and 20 PET images employing the radiotracers for [11C]benzamide, [11C]metergoline, [18F]FAHA, and [11C]rolipram, with and without structural aids like [18F]flurodeoxyglycose images. The atlas-based analysis pipeline includes automated segmentation, registration, quantification of region volume, the volume of distribution, and standardized uptake value. Results showed that, in comparison to PET analysis utilizing the “gold standard” manual quantification by neuroscientists, the performance of the atlas-based analysis was at &gt;80 and &gt;70% agreement for MRI and PET, respectively. The atlas can serve as a foundation for further refinement, and incorporation into a high-throughput workflow of baboon PET and MRI data. The new atlas is freely available on the Figshare online repository (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16663339), and the template images are available from neuroImaging tools &amp; resources collaboratory (NITRC) (https://www.nitrc.org/projects/haiko89/).

Basics of Imaging Techniques in Evaluation of Soft Tissue Tumors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Alanna Aherne ◽  
Sinchun Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission

Medical imaging plays a pivotal role in the detection, diagnosis, and clinical management of primary soft tissue tumors. Various imaging modalities have been used, and each modality offers unique advantages in the workup of soft tissue tumors by localizing the lesions in different compartments of the body and characterizing macroscopic tissue composition of the lesions in a noninvasive and safe manner. We review the clinical role and technical aspects of the frequently used imaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography, ultrasonography, positron emission tomography, and plain radiography with an emphasis on MRI as a mainstay imaging modality and a brief discussion of advanced techniques. We also review imaging features of common soft tissue tumors that can be detected and characterized using current imaging techniques. This review contains 54 figures, 1 table and 37 references.   Key words: computed tomography, diffusion-weighted imaging, imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, soft tissue, technique, tumor, ultrasonography

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