scholarly journals A new histochemical method for the identification and visualization of both side chain acylated and nonacylated sialic acids.

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1225-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
C F Culling ◽  
P E Reid ◽  
W L Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Sialic Acids ◽  
Histochemical Method ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Mucin Histochemistry ◽  
Single Section ◽  
General Field

A new histochemical method is described for the differentiation of mucins that utilizes two different Schiff reagents and allows single section identification of side chain O-acylated, and nonacylated, sialic acids in contrasting colors. In the event of mucins containing only one type of sialic acid, it may allow their specific identification (e.g., C7 or C8 side chain O-acylated). It has been shown to be useful in the identification of some metastases from adenocarcinomas of colon (where the primary is potassium hydroxide/periodic acid-Schiff positive) and should prove of great value in the investigation of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and particularly those of the colon. It should also be valuable in the general field of epithelial mucin histochemistry, particularly for those mucins of the salivary and parotid glands, etc.

scholarly journals A histochemical method for the identification of 9-O-acyl sialic acid. An investigation of bovine submaxillary gland and intestinal mucins.

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
P E Reid ◽  
C F Culling ◽  
W L Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Submaxillary Gland ◽  
Sialic Acids ◽  
Histochemical Method ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Oxidation Step ◽  
Intestinal Mucins

Prolongation of the initial periodate oxidation step of the periodate-borohydride technique/potassium hydroxide/periodic acid-Schiff and periodic acid-Thionin Schiff/potassium hydroxide/periodic acid-Schiff sequences produced little or no change in the diagnostic staining for the potassium hydroxide/periodic acid-Schiff effect, exhibited by the colonic epithelial mucins of man and rat and the Brunner's gland mucin of rabbits. In contrast, there was a gradual, but clear decrease in the intensity of such staining of bovine submaxillary gland mucins. It was concluded that, in the intestinal mucins studied the potassium hydroxide/periodic acid-Schiff effect was due to sialic acids bearing O-acyl substitutents at positions C7 and/or C8 whereas in bovine submaxillary gland mucin the potassium hydroxide/periodic acid-Schiff effect is probably due, at least in part, to the presence of 9-O-acyl sialic acids. This investigation has led to the development of a technique which can be used to identify 9-O-acyl sialic acids.

scholarly journals Apparent failure of 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid hydrazide to block the periodic acid-Schiff reactivity of sialic acids. Implications for the PANFOPAS method.

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1142-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
P E Reid ◽  
C F Culling
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Acid Hydrazide ◽  
Sialic Acids ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Substitution Pattern ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Naphthoic Acid ◽  
Vicinal Diols ◽  
Anionic Groups

Histochemical studies of the mechanism of staining of the periodic acid/2,-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid hydrazide/Fast Black B/saponification/periodic acid-Schiff (PANFOPAS) method indicate that while 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid hydrazide blocks the periodate engendered Schiff reactivity of vicinal diols unassociated with anionic groups, it fails to block such reactivity in sialic acid residues. It is suggested, therefore, that the positive Schiff staining observed following application of the PANFOPAS method to colonic epithelial mucins may be due to sialic acids without side chain substituents (or which are substituted at C7 or C9) in addition to sialic acids substituted at C8 (or which are di- or trisubstituted). Consequently the PANFOPAS method cannot be used to study the side chain substitution pattern of the sialic acids of epithelial mucins.

scholarly journals THE HISTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF O-ACYLATED SIALIC ACID IN GASTROINTESTINAL MUCINS THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH THE POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE-PERIODIC ACID-SCHIFF EFFECT

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 826-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. A. CULLING ◽  
P. E. REID ◽  
M. G. CLAY ◽  
W. L. DUNN
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
Sialic Acids ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Alcoholic Potassium Hydroxide

O-Acylated sialic acids have been demonstrated histochemically in the epithelial mucins of the lower end of the gastrointestinal tract. The potassium hydroxide-periodic acid-Schiff effect has been shown to be due, in most areas, to the presence of these O-acyl esters on the polyhydroxy side chains of sialic acid. The esters have been shown to hinder the removal of the sialic acids by either neuraminidase or acid hydrolysis unless tissues were pretreated with alcoholic potassium hydroxide. It is suggested that substitution at the C4 position is responsible for their neuraminidase resistance.

Ultrastructure of the Parotid Gland of the Nine-Banded Armadillo

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
J. R. Ruby
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Duct System ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Thin Sections

Parotid glands were obtained from five adult (four male and one female) armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) which were perfusion-fixed. The glands were located in a position similar to that of most mammals. They extended interiorly to the anterior portion of the submandibular gland.In the light microscope, it was noted that the acini were relatively small and stained strongly positive with the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and alcian blue techniques, confirming the earlier results of Shackleford (1). Based on these qualities and other structural criteria, these cells have been classified as seromucous (2). The duct system was well developed. There were numerous intercalated ducts and intralobular striated ducts. The striated duct cells contained large amounts of PAS-positive substance.Thin sections revealed that the acinar cells were pyramidal in shape and contained a basally placed, slightly flattened nucleus (Fig. 1). The rough endoplasmic reticulum was also at the base of the cell.

Utility of Histopathologic Analysis in the Evaluation of Onychomycosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Weinberg ◽  
Evelyn K. Koestenblatt ◽  
Maureen B. Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Nail Plate ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Histopathologic Analysis ◽  
Dermatophyte Infection

Onychomycosis is a common problem seen in clinical practice. Given the differential diagnosis of dystrophic nails, it is helpful to obtain a definitive diagnosis of dermatophyte infection before initiation of antifungal therapy. Potassium hydroxide preparation and fungal culture, which are typically used in the diagnosis of these infections, often yield false-negative results. Recent studies have suggested that nail plate biopsy with periodic acid–Schiff stain may be a very sensitive technique for the diagnosis of onychomycosis. In this article, we review the literature on the utility of histopathologic analysis in the evaluation of onychomycosis. Many of these studies indicate that biopsy with periodic acid–Schiff is the most sensitive method for diagnosing onychomycosis. We propose that histopathologic examination is indicated if the results of other methods are negative and clinical suspicion is high; therefore, it is a useful complementary technique in the diagnosis of onychomycosis. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 95(3): 258–263, 2005)

scholarly journals CARBOHYDRATE HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS AND PANCREAS IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 512-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN M. SHACKLEFORD ◽  
HERSCHEL P. BENTLEY
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Carbohydrate Histochemistry

Various histochemical methods for demonstrating complex tissue carbohydrates were applied to salivary gland and pancreatic tissue from four known cases of cystic fibrosis. Aside from the usual methods, e.g., periodic acid Schiff and alcian blue, the p-hydrazinobenzenesulfonic acid reaction was found to be particularly valuable as a survey method for estimating concentrations of vicinal hydroxyl groups. In the pancreas, submandibular and parotid glands striking changes in carbohydrate histochemistry occur in the small intralobular (intercalated) ducts which normally secrete relatively little or no mucopolysaccharide. The lumina of salivary gland striated ducts and large excretory ducts frequently contain inspissated mucus. In the sublingual glands the inspissated mucus is mixed with considerable amounts of deoxyribonucleic acid. Vibrio cholera neuraminidase significantly reduces acid group staining in most of the epithelial mucus although some resistance to digestion by this enzyme is evident. Some acid group substances appear in the interstices of sublingual glands which exhibit the histochemical characteristics of epithelial mucin. This reaction is consistent with a "leakage" of some of the sialomucins from the acini into the interstitial areas.

scholarly journals Bullous Tinea Pedis – Misdiagnosed for Long Time

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
Md Mahabubur Rahaman ◽  
MA Wahab ◽  
Md Rezaul Kader ◽  
Md Rahmat Ullah Siddique ◽  
Saha Bijoy Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Tinea Pedis ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Oral Steroids ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Oral Terbinafine

Fungal infection is very common in Dermatological practice in Bangladesh. Most of the cases can be diagnosed clinically and simple laboratory examination. But here we present a case of recurrent bullous tinea pedis that had been misdiagnosed for a long time and treated with oral steroids. Initially, direct microscopy of potassium hydroxide preparations was negative and culture did not reveal any fungal organism. In a biopsy taken simultaneously from the edge of a bulla and stained with periodic acid-Schiff, septate mycelia were clearly visible. Trichophyton mentagrophytes was later identified in repeated cultures. The patient was treated with oral Terbinafine 250 mg daily for 2 months cured completely. CBMJ 2017 January: Vol. 06 No. 01 P: 28-30

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