Ultrastructure of the Parotid Gland of the Nine-Banded Armadillo

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
J. R. Ruby
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Duct System ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Thin Sections

Parotid glands were obtained from five adult (four male and one female) armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) which were perfusion-fixed. The glands were located in a position similar to that of most mammals. They extended interiorly to the anterior portion of the submandibular gland.In the light microscope, it was noted that the acini were relatively small and stained strongly positive with the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and alcian blue techniques, confirming the earlier results of Shackleford (1). Based on these qualities and other structural criteria, these cells have been classified as seromucous (2). The duct system was well developed. There were numerous intercalated ducts and intralobular striated ducts. The striated duct cells contained large amounts of PAS-positive substance.Thin sections revealed that the acinar cells were pyramidal in shape and contained a basally placed, slightly flattened nucleus (Fig. 1). The rough endoplasmic reticulum was also at the base of the cell.

scholarly journals Morfologi Kelenjar Aksesori Kelamin Jantan pada Trenggiling (Manis javanica) (MORPHOLOGY OF THE MALE SEX ACCESSORY GLANDS OF THE PANGOLIN (MANIS JAVANICA))

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Yusrizal Akmal ◽  
Chairun Nisa ◽  
Savitri Novelina
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Accessory Gland ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Manis Javanica ◽  
Macroscopic Observation ◽  
Male Sex

The study aims to reveal the morphology of the male sex accessory glands of the pangolin at macroscopic and microscopic levels. Macroscopic observation included measurement of length and thickness of each accessory gland while microscopic observation, sample of each accessory gland was processed by histology technique with paraffin method and sliced with 3-5 ?m thickness and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining for general structural observation, coloration of alcian blue (AB) pH 2.5 and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) to observe the distribution of acid and neutral mucopolysaccharides in each glands. The results showed that the male sex accessory glands of the pangolin consist of vesicular gland and prostate, and bulbourethral gland which were not observed macroscopically. The average length and thickness of vesicular gland were 1.07 cm and 0.41 cm, while the prostate was 1.17 cm and 0.54 cm respectively. All accessory glands were lobulated and separated with a thick connective tissue into lobes and lobules. Acinar cells in the vesicular glands were a serous type, whereas acinar cells in the prostate and bulbourethral gland were the mucous types. Secretion of vesicular gland contains neutral mucopolysaccharide with low concentrations and prostate containing neutral mucopolysaccharide with moderate conJurnal Veteriner Maret 2019 Vol. 20 No. 1 : 38 - 47 pISSN: 1411-8327; eISSN: 2477-5665 DOI: 10.19087/jveteriner.2019.20.1.38 Terakreditasi Nasional, Dirjen Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan, online pada http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jvet Kemenristek Dikti RI S.K. No. 36a/E/KPT/201639 centrations, and did not secrete acid mucopolysaccharide. Secretion of bulbourethral glands contains neutral and acidic mucopolysaccharide with strong concentrations. Macroscopically the bulbourethral gland is not observed but has a high carbohydrate which acts as to produce of cement plasma and rinsing urethra from urine.   

Lectins as Cytochemical Probes of the Developing Wheat Grain. V. Demonstration of Separate Polysaccharides Containing N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine and D-Galactose in Nuclear Epidermal Cell Walls

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA Baldo ◽  
D Barnett ◽  
JW Lee
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Lectin Staining ◽  
Wheat Germ Lectin

Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled lectin from wheat-gem, which binds N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, and Griffonia simplicifolia, Arachis hypogaea and Glycine max lectins, each of which binds D-galactose, react with nucellar epidermal cell walls in thin sections of plastic-embedded developing wheat grain. Reactivity of these cell walls with periodic acid-Schiff reagent, the absence of staining with protein stains and the failure of a number of proteases and the endoglycosidases D and H to prevent the binding suggested that the lectin-reactive wall components are neither proteins nor N-glycosidically linked glycoproteins. Morphological differences in lectin staining patterns and treatment of sections with chitinase and α-galactosidase, prior to the reaction with the lectins, indicated that two separate polysaccharides are probably involved in the binding. Chitinase removed the reactivity of the nucellar epidermal cell walls for wheat-germ lectin but the binding of D-galactose-specific lectins was unimpaired. Conversely, α-galactosidase did not affect the binding of wheat-germ lectin but reactivity with the galactose-specific lectins was abolished. From the available evidence we conclude that one polysaccharide in the nucellar epidermal cell wall reacts with wheat-germ lectin and contains N-acetyl-D-glucosamine in a chitin-like structure. The other polysaccharide reacts with D-galactose- specific lectins by virtue of terminal α-D-galactose residues. Hydrolysis and subsequent chromatographic analysis of nucellar epidermal cell walls peeled from immature grains revealed the presence of D-glucosamine, D-glucose, D-galactose, D-xylose, L-arabinose and a trace of D-mannose.

scholarly journals Methane-Rich Saline Ameliorates Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury through Anti-Inflammation, Antioxidative, and Antiapoptosis Effects by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Jia ◽  
Zeyu Li ◽  
Yang Feng ◽  
Ruixia Cui ◽  
Yanyan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Acute Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tunel Staining ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Surgery Group

Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication of sepsis and an important cause of mortality in septic patients. Previous investigations showed that methane had protective properties against different diseases in animal models. This study is aimed at investigating whether methane-rich saline (MRS) has a protective effect against sepsis-induced AKI. Sepsis was induced in wild-type C57BL/6 mice by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and the mice were divided into three groups: a sham control group (sham), a surgery group with saline intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) treatment (CLP + NS), and a surgery group with MRS i.p. treatment (CLP + MRS). 24 h after the establishment of the sepsis, the blood and kidney tissues of mice in all groups were collected. According to the serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE) and a histologic analysis, which included hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, MRS treatment protected renal function and tissues from acute injury. Additionally, MRS treatment significantly ameliorated apoptosis, based on the levels of apoptosis-related protein makers, including cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP, and the levels of Bcl-2/Bax expression and TUNEL staining. In addition, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78)/activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)/C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)/caspase-12 apoptosis signaling pathway was significantly suppressed in the CLP + MRS group. The levels of inflammation and oxidative stress were also reduced after MRS treatment. These results showed that MRS has the potential to ameliorate sepsis-induced acute kidney injury through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiapoptosis properties.

scholarly journals Epithelioid Myoepithelioma of the Parotid Gland: A Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Samar ◽  
Rodolfo Avila ◽  
Marta Furnes ◽  
Ismael Fonseca ◽  
Hugo Juri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Rare Tumour ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumours ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Clear Cytoplasm ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Epithelial Myoepithelial Carcinoma

The diagnosis and classification of salivary gland tumours is complicated by the wide variety of histological types that exist. Many authors attribute this complexity to the myoepithelial component of these tumours. The objective of this study is to evaluate the histological and immunohistochemical properties of a parotid gland myoepithelioma, in order to further our understanding of the differential diagnosis of salivary gland tumours which contain myoepitheliocytes. Histological specimens were analyzed using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic acid Schiff (PAS), Cason, Alcian blue, toluidine blue, a-SMA, p63 and ki67. The tumour examined was completely encapsulated, with solid cellular regions delimitated by a stroma. The stroma consisted of wide acidophilic and PAS-positive hyaline septae with areas of metachromasia. The tumour cells contained clear cytoplasm and round nuclei with lax chromatin, although some had more elongated nuclei and occasional dense chromatin. Neither cellular atypia nor mitotic figures were observed. Immunostaining was positive for a-SMA and p63, while it was negative for ki67. The histological characteristics of the tumour analyzed were consistent with a benign myoepithelioma, a rare tumour which represents less than 1% of salivary gland neoplasias. Immunostaining confirmed the morphological diagnosis of myoepithelioma. The absence of cytological changes and mitosis and its encapsulation differentiate it from its malignant counterpart. In comparison to pleomorphic adenoma, the myoepithelioma does not demonstrate ductal differentiation or chondromyxoid stroma. Importantly, the epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma does develop tubular structures not seen in myoepithelioma. p63, which may act as an oncogene, is expressed within the nuclei of myoepitheliocytes of normal salivary glands. Its expression is retained in tumour myoepitheliocytes and thus it may play a role in oncogenesis.

Is Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Involved in Hepatic Glycogen Synthesis in the Fetal Mouse?

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
Joanette S. Breslin ◽  
Robert R. Cardell
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Glycogen Deposition ◽  
Glycogen Particles

Considerable evidence suggests that hepatic smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) functions in both glycogen deposition and depletion and is closely associated with glycogen particles during both processes in the adult rodent liver. In this study we have investigated the time course of hepatic glycogen deposition and examined the association of SER with glycogen particles during fetal glycogen synthesis, i.e., from day 15 to day 19 of gestation (plug day = day 1).Livers were removed from fetal ICR mice and processed for either light (LM) and electron microscopy (EM) or biochemical determination of glycogen. Biochemical analysis of glycogen concentrations in each liver revealed an average of 0.1% glycogen in day 15 and day 16 fetal livers, 0.6% in those from day 17, 2.0% on day 18 and nearly 5.0% by day 19. Light microscopic analysis of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stained semi-thin (1.0μm) sections confirmed the presence of increasing amounts of glycogen beginning on day 16 and reaching a maximum on day 19 of gestation.

Identification of Glycogen in Thin Sections of Amphibian Embryos

1967 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264
Author(s):  
MARGARET M. PERRY
Keyword(s):  
Staining Method ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Enzymic Digestion ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Schiff Reaction ◽  
Glycogen Particles

Embryonic amphibian cells when examined with the electron microscope were observed to contain an abundance of small particles, approximately 325 Å in diameter. The periodic acid/Schiff reaction and enzymic digestion were employed to determine the nature of the particles, and from the results of these tests they were concluded to be glycogen. Treatment of thin sections with periodic acid/lead citrate solutions resulted in a marked increase in contrast of the glycogen particles compared with other cell structures, and in a clearly defined substructure of 40-Å grains appearing within the particles. This differential staining method enabled the particulate glycogen to be distinguished from ribosomes.

scholarly journals An improved periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-osmium technique to reveal glycoconjugates at the molecular level in situ.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1161-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Derenzini ◽  
F Farabegoli ◽  
V Marinozzi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Organization ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Staining Reaction ◽  
Membrane Glycoproteins ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Periodic Distribution

The periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide or thiosemicarbazide-OsO4 method (Seligman AM, Hanker JS, Wasserkrug H, Katzoff L: J Histochem Cytochem 13:629, 1965) has been modified in order to obtain a periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-like reaction for electron microscopy capable of visualizing structures at the molecular level in situ. Thiocarbohydrazide (TCH) and thiosemicarbazide (TSC) have been used dissolved in distilled water and bubbled with SO2. Treatment of previously oxidized thin sections with TCH (SO2) or TSC (SO2), followed by osmification, resulted in selective and very good staining of all the PAS-positive structures examined: glycogen, intestinal mucopolysaccharides, plasma membrane glycoproteins, basement membranes, Golgi apparatus, and collagen. The staining reaction was highly specific when TSC was used on thin sections from paraformaldehyde-fixed samples. The non-particulate end-reaction product made possible visualization of a periodic distribution of sugar residues in the 64-nm unit of collagen and the structural organization of the PAS-positive glycoconjugate components in the glomerular basement membrane.

scholarly journals CARBOHYDRATE HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS AND PANCREAS IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 512-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN M. SHACKLEFORD ◽  
HERSCHEL P. BENTLEY
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Carbohydrate Histochemistry

Various histochemical methods for demonstrating complex tissue carbohydrates were applied to salivary gland and pancreatic tissue from four known cases of cystic fibrosis. Aside from the usual methods, e.g., periodic acid Schiff and alcian blue, the p-hydrazinobenzenesulfonic acid reaction was found to be particularly valuable as a survey method for estimating concentrations of vicinal hydroxyl groups. In the pancreas, submandibular and parotid glands striking changes in carbohydrate histochemistry occur in the small intralobular (intercalated) ducts which normally secrete relatively little or no mucopolysaccharide. The lumina of salivary gland striated ducts and large excretory ducts frequently contain inspissated mucus. In the sublingual glands the inspissated mucus is mixed with considerable amounts of deoxyribonucleic acid. Vibrio cholera neuraminidase significantly reduces acid group staining in most of the epithelial mucus although some resistance to digestion by this enzyme is evident. Some acid group substances appear in the interstices of sublingual glands which exhibit the histochemical characteristics of epithelial mucin. This reaction is consistent with a "leakage" of some of the sialomucins from the acini into the interstitial areas.

scholarly journals Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperon Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Attenuates Aldosterone-Infused Renal Injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honglei Guo ◽  
Hongmei Li ◽  
Lilu Ling ◽  
Yong Gu ◽  
Wei Ding
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Receive Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules

Aldosterone (Aldo) is critically involved in the development of renal injury via the production of reactive oxygen species and inflammation. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is also evoked in Aldo-induced renal injury. In the present study, we investigated the role of ER stress in inflammation-mediated renal injury in Aldo-infused mice. C57BL/6J mice were randomized to receive treatment for 4 weeks as follows: vehicle infusion, Aldo infusion, vehicle infusion plus tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), and Aldo infusion plus TUDCA. The effect of TUDCA on the Aldo-infused inflammatory response and renal injury was investigated using periodic acid-Schiff staining, real-time PCR, Western blot, and ELISA. We demonstrate that Aldo leads to impaired renal function and inhibition of ER stress via TUDCA attenuates renal fibrosis. This was indicated by decreased collagen I, collagen IV, fibronectin, and TGF-β expression, as well as the downregulation of the expression of Nlrp3 inflammasome markers, Nlrp3, ASC, IL-1β, and IL-18. This paper presents an important role for ER stress on the renal inflammatory response to Aldo. Additionally, the inhibition of ER stress by TUDCA negatively regulates the levels of these inflammatory molecules in the context of Aldo.

scholarly journals ALKALINE BISMUTH REAGENT FOR HIGH RESOLUTION ULTRASTRUCTURAL DEMONSTRATION OF PERIODATE-REACTIVE SITES

1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 995-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
STERLING K. AINSWORTH ◽  
MORRIS J. KARNOVSKY ◽  
SUSUMU ITO
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Bismuth Subnitrate

A simple technique is described for the ultrastructural localization of periodate-reactive mucosubstances and polysaccharides containing 1,2-glycols in thin sections of routinely fixed tissues. In this method the sugar residues are oxidized by periodic acid and the resulting aldehydes presumably reduce chelated bismuth subnitrate to metallic bismuth which then appears as a fine electron-opaque precipitate at the sites of the reducing sugars. The periodic acid-alkaline bismuth procedure provides a high resolution electron microscopic technique for demonstrating tissue sites of periodate-engendered groups very similar to the light microscopic periodic acid-Schiff reaction. The reaction can be prevented by the omission of periodate oxidation or alkaline bismuth subnitrate and by aldehyde blockage with the blocking agent, m-aminophenol. However, glycogen stains markedly without prior periodate oxidation, presumably through chelation of bismuth by hydroxyl groups. Other structures which stain without prior periodate oxidation are liver lysosomal dense bodies and, occasionally, ribosomes.

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