scholarly journals Evolutionary pattern of Macaca fascicularis in Southeast Asia inferred using Y-chromosomal gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrine J. Rovie-Ryan ◽  
Faisal Ali Anwarali Khan ◽  
Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Evolutionary Pattern ◽  
Hybridization Event

Abstract Background We analyzed a combined segment (2032-bp) of the sex-determining region and the testis-specific protein of the Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) gene to clarify the gene flow and phylogenetic relationships of the long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Southeast Asia. Phylogenetic relationships were constructed using the maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference, and the median-joining network from a total of 164 adult male M. fascicularis from 62 localities in Malaysia, including sequences from the other regions from previous studies. Results Based on Y-DNA, we confirm the presence of two lineages of M. fascicularis: the Indochinese and Sundaic lineages. The Indochinese lineage is represented by M. fascicularis located northwards of the Surat Thani-Krabi depression region and is introgressed by the Macaca mulatta Y-DNA. The Sundaic lineage is free from such hybridization event, thus defined as the original carrier of the M. fascicularis Y-DNA. We further revealed that the Sundaic lineage differentiated into two forms: the insular and the continental forms. The insular form, which represents the ancestral form of M. fascicularis, consists of two haplotypes: a single homogenous haplotype occupying the island of Borneo, Philippines, and southern Sumatra; and the Javan haplotype. The more diverse continental form consists of 17 haplotypes in which a dominant haplotype was shared by individuals from southern Thai Peninsular (south of Surat Thani-Krabi depression), Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra. Uniquely, Sumatra contains both the continental and insular Y-DNA which can be explained by a secondary contact hypothesis. Conclusions Overall, the findings in this study are important: (1) to help authority particularly in Malaysia on the population management activities including translocation and culling of conflict M. fascicularis, (2) to identify the unknown origin of captive M. fascicularis used in biomedical research, and; (3) the separation between the continental and insular forms warrants for the treatment as separate management units.

scholarly journals Evolutionary Pattern of Macaca Fascicularis in Southeast Asia Inferred Using Y-chromosomal Gene

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrine J Rovie-Ryan ◽  
Faisal Ali Anwarali Khan ◽  
Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Evolutionary Pattern ◽  
Hybridization Event

Abstract Background: We analyzed a combined segment (2,032-bp) of the sex-determining region and the testis-specific protein of the Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) gene to clarify the gene flow and phylogenetic relationships of the long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Southeast Asia. Phylogenetic relationships were constructed using the maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference, and the median-joining network from a total of 164 adult male M. fascicularis from 62 localities in Malaysia, including sequences from the other regions from previous studies. Results: Based on Y-DNA, we confirm the presence of two lineages of M. fascicularis: the Indochinese and Sundaic lineages. The Indochinese lineage is represented by M. fascicularis located northwards of the Surat Thani-Krabi depression region and is contaminated by the Macaca mulatta Y-DNA. The Sundaic lineage is free from such hybridization event, thus defined as the pure carrier of the M. fascicularis Y-DNA. We further revealed that the Sundaic lineage differentiated into two forms: the insular and the continental forms. The insular form, which represents the ancestral form of M. fascicularis, consists of two haplotypes: a single homogenous haplotype occupying the island of Borneo, Philippines, and southern Sumatra; and the Javan haplotype. The more diverse continental form consists of 17 haplotypes in which a dominant haplotype was shared by individuals from southern Thai Peninsular (south of Surat Thani-Krabi depression), Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra. Uniquely, Sumatra contains both the continental and insular Y-DNA which can be explained by a secondary contact hypothesis. Conclusions: Overall, the findings in this study are important: 1) to help authority particularly in Malaysia on the population management activities including translocation and culling of conflict M. fascicularis, 2) to identify the unknown origin of captive M. fascicularis used in biomedical research, and; 3) the separation between the continental and insular forms warrants for the treatment as separate management units.

scholarly journals Evolutionary pattern of Macaca fascicularis in Southeast Asia inferred using Y-chromosomal gene

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrine J Rovie-Ryan ◽  
Faisal Ali Anwarali Khan ◽  
Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Evolutionary Pattern ◽  
Hybridization Event

Abstract Background: We analyzed a combined segment (2,032-bp) of the sex-determining region and the testis-specific protein of the Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) gene to clarify the gene flow and phylogenetic relationships of the long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Southeast Asia. Phylogenetic relationships were constructed using the maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference, and the median-joining network from a total of 164 adult male M. fascicularis from 62 localities in Malaysia, including sequences from the other regions from previous studies. Results: Based on Y-DNA, we confirm the presence of two lineages of M. fascicularis: the Indochinese and Sundaic lineages. The Indochinese lineage is represented by M. fascicularis located northwards of the Surat Thani-Krabi depression region and is introgressed by the Macaca mulatta Y-DNA. The Sundaic lineage is free from such hybridization event, thus defined as the original carrier of the M. fascicularis Y-DNA. We further revealed that the Sundaic lineage differentiated into two forms: the insular and the continental forms. The insular form, which represents the ancestral form of M. fascicularis, consists of two haplotypes: a single homogenous haplotype occupying the island of Borneo, Philippines, and southern Sumatra; and the Javan haplotype. The more diverse continental form consists of 17 haplotypes in which a dominant haplotype was shared by individuals from southern Thai Peninsular (south of Surat Thani-Krabi depression), Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra. Uniquely, Sumatra contains both the continental and insular Y-DNA which can be explained by a secondary contact hypothesis. Conclusions: Overall, the findings in this study are important: 1) to help authority particularly in Malaysia on the population management activities including translocation and culling of conflict M. fascicularis, 2) to identify the unknown origin of captive M. fascicularis used in biomedical research, and; 3) the separation between the continental and insular forms warrants for the treatment as separate management units.

Effects of transdermal mirtazapine on hyporexic rhesus and cynomolgus macaques ( Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis )

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
Kriscelle A. Mendoza ◽  
Diane E. Stockinger ◽  
Mira J. Cukrov ◽  
Jeffrey A. Roberts ◽  
Granger G.C. Hwa
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Cynomolgus Macaques

HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles and haplotypes in 194 Southeast Asia Chinese from Peninsular Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 906-907
Author(s):  
Chun-Lai Too ◽  
Lay-Kim Tan ◽  
Hussein Heselynn ◽  
Shahril Nor-Shuhaila ◽  
Mageswaran Eashwary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia

scholarly journals Pet Macaques in Vietnam: An NGO’s Perspective

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Brooke Catherine Aldrich ◽  
David Neale
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Macaca Arctoides ◽  
Pet Trade ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Assamese Macaques ◽  
Macaca Assamensis ◽  
Recorded Data

In this article, we attempt to characterize the widespread trade in pet macaques in Vietnam. Data on confiscations as well as surrenders, releases, and individuals housed at rescue centers across Vietnam for 2015–2019 were opportunistically recorded. Data comparisons between Education for Nature Vietnam and three government-run wildlife rescue centers show that at least 1254 cases of macaque keeping occurred during the study period, including a minimum of 32 Assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis), 158 long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), 291 Northern pig-tailed macaques (Macaca leonina), 65 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), and 110 stump-tailed macaques (Macaca arctoides). A minimum of 423 individuals were confiscated, and at least 490 individual macaques were released. Three semi-structured interviews were conducted with two key Animals Asia (a non-governmental organization) colleagues and their insights are presented. Although we recognize that the data included are limited and can serve only as a baseline for the scale of the macaque pet trade in Vietnam, we believe that they support our concern that the problem is significant and must be addressed. We stress the need for organizations and authorities to work together to better understand the issue. The keeping of macaques as pets is the cause of serious welfare and conservation issues in Vietnam.

scholarly journals Interpretation of serological test results for Simian herpes B virus

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Wolfensohn ◽  
R. Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Herpes B Virus ◽  
Experimental Group

In 1992 an annual Simian herpes B virus (BV) screening programme for an experimental group of macaque monkeys ( Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis) was initiated with the aim of establishing a specific pathogen free (SPF) colony. In June 1999 one animal was found to be unexpectedly BV positive (non-negative). The investigation of this result highlights some of the issues and difficulties that may be encountered in such a programme.

scholarly journals The identity of Pseudomystus moeschii (Boulenger, 1890), with the description of two new species of bagrid catfishes from Southeast Asia (Teleostei: Bagridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 851 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
HEOK HEE NG ◽  
KELVIN K.P. LIM
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
The Other ◽  
River Drainage ◽  
Posterior Process ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Way

The identity of the poorly known bagrid catfish Pseudomystus moeschii (Boulenger, 1890) is clarified and the species redescribed. Two new species of closely related bagrid catfishes are also described: Pseudomystus carnosus from the Way Seputih River drainage in the province of Lampung in the southern tip of Sumatra, and P. fumosus from the Pahang River drainage in eastern Peninsular Malaysia. Pseudomystus carnosus, P. fumosus and P. moeschii can be distinguished from congeners in having an enlarged posterior process of the post-temporal, presence of long hair-like epithelial projections on the skin and long tubular extensions of the sensory pores. Pseudomystus carnosus differs from the other two species in having a pointed (vs. rounded) tip of the nuchal shield, while P. fumosus differs from the other two species in having very well developed procurrent caudal rays which are sinuously curved along the anterior edges (vs. less developed procurrent caudal rays that slope evenly along the edges). A lectotype is designated for P. moeschii.

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