Efficiency of dual-energy computed tomography enterography in the diagnosis of Crohn’s disease

Background This retrospective study aimed to investigate the usefulness of the optimized kiloelectron volt (keV) for virtual monoenergetic imaging (VMI) combined with iodine map in dual-energy computed tomography enterography (DECTE) in the diagnosis of Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods Seventy-two patients (mean age: 41.89 ± 17.28 years) with negative computed tomography enterography (CTE) were enrolled for investigating the optimized VMI keV in DECTE by comparing subjective and objective parameters of VMIs that were reconstructed from 40 to 90 keV. Moreover, 68 patients (38.27 ± 15.10 years; 35 normal and 33 CD) were included for evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of DECTE iodine map at the optimized VMI energy level and routine CTE for CD and active CD. Statistical analysis for all data was conducted. Results Objective and subjective imaging evaluations showed the best results at 60 keV for VMIs. The CT values of the normal group, active subgroup, and CD group during the small intestinal phase at routine 120 kVp or 60 keV VMI had significant differences. The diagnostic efficacy of an iodine map was the best when NIC = 4% or fat value = 45.8% for CD, whereas NIC < 0.35 or the fat value < 0.38 for active CD. The combined routine CTE and optimized VMI improved the diagnostic efficacy (P < 0.001). Conclusions VMI at 60 keV provided the best imaging quality on DECTE. NIC and fat value provided important basis for active CD evaluation. Routine CTE combined with VMI at 60 keV improved the diagnostic efficiency for CD.