scholarly journals Quantitative evaluation of upper urinary tract pump function in pigs with acute unilateral lower ureteral obstruction by 640-slice dynamic volume CT

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chongwen Mao ◽  
Cong Peng ◽  
Song Li ◽  
Liling Chen ◽  
Mengjing You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Renal Pelvis ◽  
Ureteral Obstruction ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Acute Obstruction ◽  
Left Ureter ◽  
Pump Function ◽  
Continuous Dynamic ◽  
Volume Ct ◽  
Dynamic Volume Ct

Abstract Background It is a challenging problem to differentiate obstructive hydronephrosis from noninvasive evaluation of renal pelvis and ureteral motility in patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the value of 640-slice dynamic volume CT (DVCT) in the quantitative measurement of upper urinary tract (UUT) pump function after acute unilateral lower ureteral obstruction in pigs. Methods In this study, a perfusion pig model was constructed by constant pressure perfusion testing of the renal pelvis and left nephrostomy. The perfusion and pressure measuring devices were connected to create a state of no obstruction and acute obstruction of the lower part of the left ureter. After successful modelling, continuous dynamic volume scanning of the bilateral renal excretion phase was performed with 640-slice DVCT, and pump functions of the renal pelvis and part of the upper ureter were calculated and analysed. No obstruction or acute obstruction of the lower part of the left ureter was observed. Pump functions of the renal pelvis and part of the upper ureter were determined. Results The results showed that after LUUT fistulostomy, the time difference between the average UUT volume and positive volume value increased gradually, and the calculated flow velocity decreased, which was significantly different from that of the RUUT. The volume difference of the LUUT increased significantly in mild obstruction. In the bilateral control, the volume change rate of the LUUT increased with mild obstruction and decreased with severe obstruction, and there was a significant difference between the left and right sides. Conclusion The continuous dynamic volume scan and measurement of 640-slice DVCT can obtain five pump function datasets of UUT in pigs with acute lower ureteral obstruction.

scholarly journals Quantitative Evaluation of Upper Urinary Tract Pump Function in Pigs With Acute Unilateral Lower Ureteral Obstruction by 640-slice Dynamic Volume CT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chongwen Mao ◽  
Cong Peng ◽  
Song Li ◽  
Liling Chen ◽  
Mengjing You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Renal Pelvis ◽  
Ureteral Obstruction ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Acute Obstruction ◽  
Left Ureter ◽  
Pump Function ◽  
Continuous Dynamic ◽  
Volume Ct ◽  
Dynamic Volume Ct

Abstract Background: It is a challenging problem to differentiate obstructive hydronephrosis from non-invasive evaluation of renal pelvis and ureteral motility in patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the value of 640-slice dynamic volume CT (DVCT) in quantitative measurement of upper urinary tract (UUT) pump function after acute unilateral lower ureteral obstruction in pigs. Methods: In this study, perfusion pig model was made by constant pressure perfusion test of renal pelvis and left nephrostomy. The perfusion and pressure measuring devices were connected to create the state of no obstruction, acute obstruction of the lower part of the left ureter. After successful modeling, continuous dynamic volume scanning of bilateral renal excretion phase was performed with 640-slice DVCT, and pump functions of the renal pelvis and part of the upper ureter were calculated and analyzed. No obstruction, acute obstruction of the lower part of the left ureter. Pump functions of the renal pelvis and part of the upper ureter. Results: Results showed after LUUT fistulostomy, the time difference between the average UUTs volume and positive volume value increased gradually, and the calculated flow velocity decreased, which was significantly different from that of the RUUT. The volume difference of the LUUT increased significantly in mild obstruction. In the bilateral control, the volume change rate of the LUUT increased in mild obstruction and decreased in severe obstruction, and there was significant difference between the left and the right side. Conclusion: The continuous dynamic volume scan and measurement of 640-slice DVCT can obtain five pump function data of UUT in pigs with acute lower ureteral obstruction.

Spontaneous rupture of the renal pelvis due to acute obstruction of the upper urinary tract

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Zamyatnin ◽  
Andrey V. Tsygankov ◽  
Irina S. Gonchar
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Renal Pelvis ◽  
Spontaneous Rupture ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Acute Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Observations

Cases of spontaneous rupture of the pyelocaliceal system of the kidney, not associated with the consequences of endourological surgery, are described extremely rarely in the literature. Most often, such a complication develops in patients with urolithiasis. The article analyzes the literature data on urinary tract apoplexy and presents its own clinical observations.

Pyeloureteral dynamics in the intact and chronically obstructed multicalyceal kidney

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (5) ◽  
pp. R398-R411 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Constantinou ◽  
J. C. Djurhuus
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Ureteral Obstruction ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Flow ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Bolus Volume ◽  
Pelvic Contractions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pelvic Pressure

The transport of urine in the upper urinary tract of the multicalyceal kidney was studied in healthy and chronically obstructed pigs in terms of renal pelvic pressure, rate of and coordination of ureteral contractions, and bolus volume. The variations of these parameters to diuresis was examined by incremental elevation of urine output effected by intravenous infusion of mannitol. In 16 healthy animals the mean variation in urine flow was 0.01-3.20 ml/min, the change in peristaltic rate ranged from 0.763 to 5.125 min-1, and bolus volume from 0.003 to 2.083 ml.. In 14 chronically obstructed kidneys, for a mean variation in urine flow of 0.006-5.4 ml/min, peristaltic rate ranged from 0.237 to 6.095 min-1 and bolus volume from 0.00 to 1.80 ml. Discoordinated contractions, bursts of peristalsis, and incompletely transmitted pelvic contractions were characteristic of a chronically obstructed system. These observations are compared with the unobstructed unicalyceal and multicalyceal kidney. The disrupting impact of chronic ureteral obstruction on the hierarchical organization of the pyeloureteral pacemaker system is discussed.

Criteria for Ureteral Obstruction by Functional Imaging of the Upper Urinary Tract

2015 ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
W. M�ller-Schauenburg ◽  
U. Hofmann ◽  
U. Feine ◽  
A. Flach ◽  
W. D. Erdmann
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Ureteral Obstruction ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract

Fluconazole Treatment in Torulopsis Glabrata Upper Urinary Tract Infection Causing Ureteral Obstruction

1992 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 1116-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Corbella ◽  
Jordi Carratala ◽  
Manuel Castells ◽  
Begona Berlanga
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Ureteral Obstruction ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Torulopsis Glabrata

scholarly journals Renal Pelviceal Keratinizing Squamous Metaplasia with Sparing of Pyramidal Zones

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Richard H. Siderits ◽  
Jared Fingerman ◽  
Anup Hazra ◽  
Cheryl Rimmer ◽  
Marc Colaco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Renal Pelvis ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Muscularis Mucosa ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
History Of

Metaplastic changes in the urothelium of the upper urinary tract are relatively infrequent. Metaplasia may present as either squamous or less often glandular differentiation. The process may be associated with chronic inflammation or associated chronic infections. There may be malignant transformation to either squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma. The demarcation of the metaplastic process in the minor calyces has not been well documented to date. We report the case of a 74-year-old female patient who presented with a history of chronic renal disease and acute pyohydronephrosis. The patient underwent a nephroureterectomy which revealed keratinizing desquamative squamous metaplasia throughout the renal pelvis and upper urinary tract with abrupt termination of metaplasia at the junction of the renal pelvis and the minor calyx (pyramidal zone). Immunohistochemical evaluation documents metaplastic urothelium stained positive for CK5, before converting sharply to simple cuboidal epithelium in the minor calyx (pyramidal zones) which stained positive CK7. At the junction of the metaplastic components and low cuboidal lined minor calyceal surfaces, the underlying stroma showed loss of ureteral muscularis mucosa with transition to renal parenchymal type stroma. We believe that this observation is unique and potentially relevant to the etiology and pathophysiology of pelviceal metaplasia.

scholarly journals A DNA adductome analysis revealed a reduction in the global level of C5-hydroxymethyl-2′-deoxycytidine in the non-tumoral upper urinary tract mucosa of urothelial carcinoma patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuto Matsushita ◽  
Yuji Iwashita ◽  
Shunsuke Ohtsuka ◽  
Ippei Ohnishi ◽  
Takashi Yamashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Dna Adducts ◽  
Renal Pelvis ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Abstract Background DNA adducts, covalent modifications to DNA due to exposure to specific carcinogens, cause the mispairing of DNA bases, which ultimately results in DNA mutations. DNA methylation in the promoter region, another type of DNA base modification, alters the DNA transcription process, and has been implicated in carcinogenesis in humans due to the down-regulation of tumor suppressor genes. Difficulties are associated with demonstrating the existence of DNA adducts or chemically modified bases in the human urological system. Apart from aristolochic acid-DNA adducts, which cause urothelial carcinoma and endemic nephropathy in a particular geographical area (Balkan), limited information is currently available on DNA adduct profiles in renal cell carcinoma and upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma, including renal pelvic cancer and ureteral cancer. Method To elucidate the significance of DNA adducts in carcinogenesis in the urothelial system, we investigated 53 DNA adducts in the non-tumoral renal parenchyma and non-tumoral renal pelvis of patients with renal cell carcinoma, upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma, and other diseases using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. A comparative analysis of tissue types, the status of malignancy, and clinical characteristics, including lifestyle factors, was performed. Results C5-Methyl-2′-deoxycytidine, C5-hydroxymethyl-2′-deoxycytidine (5hmdC), C5-formyl-2′-deoxycytidine, 2′-deoxyinosine, C8-oxo-2′-deoxyadenosine, and C8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were detected in the renal parenchyma and renal pelvis. 8-OHdG was more frequently detected in the renal pelvis than in the renal cortex and medulla (p = 0.048 and p = 0.038, respectively). 5hmdC levels were significantly lower in the renal pelvis of urothelial carcinoma patients (n = 10) than in the urothelium of patients without urothelial carcinoma (n = 15) (p = 0.010). Regarding 5hmdC levels in the renal cortex and medulla, Spearman’s rank correlation test revealed a negative correlation between age and 5hmdC levels (r = − 0.46, p = 0.018 and r = − 0.45, p = 0.042, respectively). Conclusions The present results revealed a reduction of 5hmdC levels in the non-tumoral urinary tract mucosa of patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma. Therefore, the urothelial cell epithelia of patients with upper urinary tract cancer, even in non-cancerous areas, may be predisposed to urothelial cancer.

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