scholarly journals Remarkable rutin-rich Hypericum capitatum extract exhibits anti-inflammatory effects on turpentine oil-induced inflammation in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca D. Farcas ◽  
Augustin C. Mot ◽  
Cezara Zagrean-Tuza ◽  
Madalina Ticolea ◽  
Bogdan Sevastre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Total Oxidative Status ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic

Abstract Background Natural extracts with beneficial biological activities are nowadays of high interest, in various treatment or prophylaxis. Hypericum capitatum has been known for its curative effects for centuries and its extracts have become of interest due to their distinct activity among other Hypericaceae members. In this study, further light is aimed to be shed on the secondary-metabolites composition of H. capitatum extracts, using chromatographic techniques and Electron paramagnetic resonance profiles in alkaline medium. Considering that no previous works explored the anti-inflammatory activity of H. capitatum, here, an in vivo study is also designed in order to evaluate this property by assessing the impact of one of H. capitatum extracts in ameliorating turpentine oil-induced inflammation on rats and to quantify their blood antioxidants level. Methods Chromatographic techniques and Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy were used in order to describe the chemical profile in different parts of the plant. The in vivo study on turpentine-oil induced inflammation in rats included three doses of H. capitatum extract expressed in rutin concentration. Oxidative stress was measured using total oxidative status, total antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress index, 3-nitrotyrosine, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase and the inflammatory response was evaluated by performing a complete blood cells count and C reactive protein. Results The extract was remarkably rich in rutin; however, other polyphenolic-like minor components appeared important in explaining the observed biological properties. The tested extract prevents the increase of inflammation-induced white blood cell count, number of neutrophils, and serum nitric oxide, and did so in a dose-dependent manner, similarly to the positive control—diclofenac. In addition, the same extract appeared to be a good alternative to diclofenac to restore total oxidative status, thiobarbituric active reactive species, total proteins and C reactive proteins. Moreover, antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and total serum thiol concentration were significantly increased by the tested extract. Conclusions Due to its powerful reservoir rich in rutin, H. capitatum extract depicted its in vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects indicating it to be a good alternative to conventional drugs for oxidative stress protection.

scholarly journals Involvement of β3-Adrenoceptor in Altered β-Adrenergic Response in Senescent Heart

2008 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 1045-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Birenbaum ◽  
Angela Tesse ◽  
Xavier Loyer ◽  
Pierre Michelet ◽  
Ramaroson Andriantsitohaina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Positive Inotropic Effect ◽  
Inotropic Effect ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Adrenergic Response ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic

Background In senescent heart, beta-adrenergic response is altered in parallel with beta1- and beta2-adrenoceptor down-regulation. A negative inotropic effect of beta3-adrenoceptor could be involved. In this study, the authors tested the hypothesis that beta3-adrenoceptor plays a role in beta-adrenergic dysfunction in senescent heart. Methods beta-Adrenergic responses were investigated in vivo (echocardiography-dobutamine, electron paramagnetic resonance) and in vitro (isolated left ventricular papillary muscle, electron paramagnetic resonance) in young adult (3-month-old) and senescent (24-month-old) rats. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunolabeling (confocal microscopy), nitric oxide production (electron paramagnetic resonance) and beta-adrenoceptor Western blots were performed in vitro. Data are mean percentages of baseline +/- SD. Results An impaired positive inotropic effect (isoproterenol) was confirmed in senescent hearts in vivo (117 +/- 23 vs. 162 +/- 16%; P < 0.05) and in vitro (127 +/- 10 vs. 179 +/- 15%; P < 0.05). In the young adult group, the positive inotropic effect was not significantly modified by the nonselective NOS inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME; 183 +/- 19%), the selective NOS1 inhibitor vinyl-L-N-5(1-imino-3-butenyl)-L-ornithine (L-VNIO; 172 +/- 13%), or the selective NOS2 inhibitor 1400W (183 +/- 19%). In the senescent group, in parallel with beta3-adrenoceptor up-regulation and increased nitric oxide production, the positive inotropic effect was partially restored by L-NAME (151 +/- 8%; P < 0.05) and L-VNIO (149 +/- 7%; P < 0.05) but not by 1400W (132 +/- 11%; not significant). The positive inotropic effect induced by dibutyryl-cyclic adenosine monophosphate was decreased in the senescent group with the specific beta3-adrenoceptor agonist BRL 37344 (167 +/- 10 vs. 142 +/- 10%; P < 0.05). NOS1 and NOS2 were significantly up-regulated in the senescent rat. Conclusions In senescent cardiomyopathy, beta3-adrenoceptor overexpression plays an important role in the altered beta-adrenergic response via induction of NOS1-nitric oxide.

scholarly journals The acid-catalyzed interaction of melanin with nitrite ions. An EPR investigation

Nukleonika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zenon Matuszak ◽  
Collin F. Chignell ◽  
Krzysztof J. Reszka
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitrous Acid ◽  
Signal Amplitude ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Constant Ph ◽  
Radical Content ◽  
Process Measurements ◽  
Dopa Melanin ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic

AbstractThe interaction of synthetic dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) melanin (DM) with nitrite ions, NO2−, in the pH 3.6–7.0 range, has been investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). We found that especially at pH <5.5 (from ca. 5.5 to 3.6) the reaction of DM with nitrite generated large quantities of new melanin radicals, which implies the involvement of nitrous acid, HNO2, in the radical formation process. Measurements carried out at constant pH of 3.6 showed that the melanin signal increased together with nitrite concentration, reaching a plateau level which was more than fourfold larger compared to the initial signal amplitude observed in a nitrite-free buffer of the same pH. The effects of nitrite and DM concentrations on the melanin-free radical content were also investigated. It is proposed that the radicals are generated by one electron oxidation of melaninortho-hydroquinone groups toortho-semiquinones by HNO2or related nitrogen oxides such as NO2•radicals. The possible involvement of nitric oxide (•NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO−) in DM oxidation was also examined. In air-free solutions, nitric oxideper sedid not generate melanin radicals; however, in the presence of oxygen a marked increase in the melanin EPR signal intensity was observed. This result is interpreted in terms of the generation of radicals via the oxidation of DM by peroxynitrite. Our findings suggest that melanin can function as a natural scavenger of nitrous acid and some nitrous acid-derived species. This property may be relevant to physiological functions of melanin pigmentsin vivo.

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