scholarly journals Reporting to parents on children’s exposures to asthma triggers in low-income and public housing, an interview-based case study of ethics, environmental literacy, individual action, and public health benefits

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Perovich ◽  
Jennifer Liss Ohayon ◽  
Elicia Mayuri Cousins ◽  
Rachel Morello-Frosch ◽  
Phil Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Environmental Literacy ◽  
Individual Action ◽  
Asthma Triggers

Improving public housing policies that target low-income households: The value of adding proximity to discretion

2021 ◽  
pp. 239965442110411
Author(s):  
Lauro Gonzalez ◽  
Fernanda Lima-Silva ◽  
Marlei Pozzebon
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Street Level ◽  
Leading Role

Research on street-level bureaucrats has examined the various ways in which these professionals have implemented public policies in areas such as healthcare, education, and security, often emphasizing the role played by discretion in the implementation process. Despite its importance, the concept of street-level bureaucracy has scarcely been approached by housing studies. This study focuses on the role of street-level workers in the delivery of public housing to the lower-income population. We affirm the value of complementing street-level discretion with the concept of proximity, a premise borrowed from the microfinance literature, to increase the understanding of the interactions and relationships established between street-level workers and policy recipients during the implementation process. Such complementarity may contribute to a more accurate understanding of the housing policy implementation dynamics on the street-level and the possible adjustments to meet local needs. To explore this issue, we used a theoretical lens inspired by Goffman’s frame analysis that points to the importance of relational mechanisms that characterize the interactions between street-level workers and beneficiaries. These lenses were applied to a collective case study of Minha Casa Minha Vida-Entidades, a Brazilian subprogram in which street-level workers linked to social housing movements assume a leading role in the planning and execution of interventions. The results indicate that the combination of proximity and discretion has a positive influence on the implementation of housing policies. Our analysis shows the existence of nonprofit-oriented arrangements that may present different features and nuances at the implementation (micro) level and contribute to the (macro) debate on housing policies.

scholarly journals Factors that influence the scale up of new interventions in low-income settings: a qualitative case study of the introduction of chlorhexidine cleansing of the umbilical cord in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-451
Author(s):  
Jennifer A Callaghan-Koru ◽  
Munia Islam ◽  
Marufa Khan ◽  
Ardy Sowe ◽  
Jahrul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
National Level ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Low Income Countries

Abstract There is a well-recognized need for empirical study of processes and factors that influence scale up of evidence-based interventions in low-income countries to address the ‘know-do’ gap. We undertook a qualitative case study of the scale up of chlorhexidine cleansing of the umbilical cord (CHX) in Bangladesh to identify and compare facilitators and barriers for the institutionalization and expansion stages of scale up. Data collection and analysis for this case study were informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and the WHO/ExpandNet model of scale up. At the national level, we interviewed 20 stakeholders involved in CHX policy or implementation. At the district level, we conducted interviews with 31 facility-based healthcare providers in five districts and focus group discussions (FGDs) with eight community-based providers and eight programme managers. At the community level, we conducted 7 FGDs with 53 mothers who had a baby within the past year. Expanded interview notes were thematically coded and analysed following an adapted Framework approach. National stakeholders identified external policy and incentives, and the engagement of stakeholders in policy development through the National Technical Working Committee for Newborn Health, as key facilitators for policy and health systems changes. Stakeholders, providers and families perceived the intervention to be simple, safe and effective, and more consistent with family preferences than the prior policy of dry cord care. The major barriers that delayed or decreased the public health impact of the scale up of CHX in Bangladesh’s public health system related to commodity production, procurement and distribution. Bangladesh’s experience scaling up CHX suggests that scale up should involve early needs assessments and planning for institutionalizing new drugs and commodities into the supply chain. While the five CFIR domains were useful for categorizing barriers and facilitators, additional constructs are needed for common health systems barriers in low-income settings.

scholarly journals Public Health Citizen Science; Perceived Impacts on Citizen Scientists: A Case Study in a Low-Income Neighbourhood in the Netherlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Den Broeder ◽  
Lidwien Lemmens ◽  
Serfanim Uysal ◽  
Karin Kauw ◽  
Jitske Weekenborg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Perceived Impacts

scholarly journals Practical metrics for establishing the health benefits of research to support research prioritisation

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. e002152
Author(s):  
Beth Woods ◽  
Laetitia Schmitt ◽  
Claire Rothery ◽  
Andrew Phillips ◽  
Timothy B Hallett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Programme Implementation ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Costing Study ◽  
Research Prioritisation

IntroductionWe present practical metrics for estimating the expected health benefits of specific research proposals. These can be used by research funders, researchers and healthcare decision-makers within low-income and middle-income countries to support evidence-based research prioritisation.MethodsThe methods require three key assessments: (1) the current level of uncertainty around the endpoints the proposed study will measure; (2) how uncertainty impacts on the health benefits and costs of healthcare programmes and (3) the health opportunity costs imposed by programme costs. Research is valuable because it can improve health by informing the choice of which programmes should be implemented. We provide a Microsoft Excel tool to allow readers to generate estimates of the health benefits of research studies based on these three assessments. The tool can be populated using existing studies, existing cost-effectiveness models and expert opinion. Where such evidence is not available, the tool can quantify the value of research under different assumptions. Estimates of the health benefits of research can be considered alongside research costs, and the consequences of delaying implementation until research reports, to determine whether research is worthwhile. We illustrate the method using a case study of research on HIV self-testing programmes in Malawi. This analysis combines data from the literature with outputs from the HIV synthesis model.ResultsFor this case study, we found a costing study that could be completed and inform decision making within 1 year offered the highest health benefits (67 000 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) averted). Research on outcomes improved population health to a lesser extent (12 000 DALYs averted) and only if carried out alongside programme implementation.ConclusionOur work provides a method for estimating the health benefits of research in a practical and timely fashion. This can be used to support accountable use of research funds.

scholarly journals Linking Health and Housing Data to Create a Sustainable Cross-Sector Partnership

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (S2) ◽  
pp. S222-S224
Author(s):  
Amy A. Laurent ◽  
Alastair Matheson ◽  
Katie Escudero ◽  
Andria Lazaga
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Managed Care ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
King County ◽  
Housing Authority ◽  
Governing Body ◽  
Managed Care Organizations

In response to the growing regional (and national) focus on health and housing intersections, two public housing authorities (PHAs) in Washington—the King County Housing Authority and the Seattle Housing Authority—joined with Public Health–Seattle & King County to form the Housing and Health (H&H) partnership in 2016. H&H linked Medicaid health claims with PHA administrative data to create a sustainable public-facing dashboard that informs health and housing stakeholders such as an Accountable Community of Health (a governing body that oversees local Medicaid transformation projects), managed care organizations, and PHAs, allowing insights into the low-income communities they serve.

Leveraging Resilience: Evidence From the Management of Senior Low-Income Housing

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 661-671
Author(s):  
Joanna Lucio ◽  
Erica McFadden
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Private Management

Although public and private management approaches have been frequently analyzed for their outcomes along the lines of efficiency and equity, their relationship to fostering community resilience has been understudied. Public housing has undergone a market-based transition, devolving management and operations of its sites or tenants to private management companies. This multi-site case study evaluates different management contexts to understand how management processes encourage or discourage community resilience. Findings include that management can play an integral role in developing community resilience by providing spaces and opportunities for community engagement and resident empowerment. To better navigate in an era of austerity measures, this article recommends practitioners actively leverage and invest in citizen strengths to build more resilient programs.

scholarly journals Public Housing Environment and Depression: Case Study Bandar Baru Sentul

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nur Masyitah Ghazali ◽  
Marlyana Azyyati Marzukhi ◽  
Oliver Hoon Leh Ling ◽  
Yinxue Weng
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Low Income Groups

Depression is one of the common mental health problems worldwide, and in Malaysia, it is mostly from low-income groups. Due to this factor, most low-income groups in urban areas will reside in public housing due to high living costs. This study aims to understand the public housing environment's effect on mental health. The objectives are to study and analyses states of depression in public housing and its relationship with the surrounding built environment. This study was conducted at the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The questionnaire is an adaptation of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21). The sampling technique using homogenous sampling in the selected case study area. The selected area is based on several characteristics, which are housing typologies, green areas, and density. The collected data were analysed using correlation analysis and compared with the theoretical framework to study the relationship between the surrounding environment and depression. The results have shown that public housing's surrounding built environment is associated with depressive symptoms and mental health wellbeing. The findings also show that the surrounding built environment may contribute to mental health wellbeing and worsen existing sufferers' condition. Keywords: built environment; urban; depression; mental health

scholarly journals Indoor and outdoor particulate matter concentrations on the Mpumalanga highveld – A case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Wernecke ◽  
B Language ◽  
S.J Piketh ◽  
R.P Burger
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
Respirable Fraction ◽  
Combustion Of Solid Fuels

The household combustion of solid fuels, for the purpose of heating and cooking, is an activity practiced by many people in South Africa. Air pollution caused by the combustion of solid fuels in households has a significant influence on public health. People mostaffected are those considered to be the poorest, living in low-income settlements, where burning solid fuel is the primary source of energy. Insufficient data has been collected in South Africa to quantify the concentrations of particulate emissions that peopleare exposed to, especially the respirable fraction, associated with the combustion of solid fuels. The aim of this paper is to gain an understanding of the particulate matter (PM) concentrations a person living in a typical household in a low income settlement in theSouth African Highveld is exposed to. It also seeks to demonstrate that the use of solid fuels in the household can lead to indoor air pollution concentrations reaching levels very similar to ambient PM concentrations, which could be well in excess of the NationalAmbient Air Quality Standards, representing a major national public health threat. A mobile monitoring station was used in KwaDela, Mpumalanga to measure both ambient particulate concentrations and meteorological conditions, while a range of dust/particulate monitors were used for indoor and personal particulate concentration measurements. Indoor and personal measurements are limited to the respirable fraction (PM4) as this fraction contributes significantly to the negative health impacts. The sampling for this case study took place from 7-19 August 2014. Highest particulate matter concentrations were evident during the early mornings and the early evenings, when solid fuel burning activities were at their highest. Indoor and personal daily average PM4 concentrations did not exceed the 24h National Ambient PM2.5 Standard of 65 μg/m3 nor did they exceed the 24h National Ambient PM10 Standard of 75 μg/ m3. The outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were found to be below the standards for the duration of the sampling period. The outdoor PM10 concentrations exceeded the standards for one day during the sampling period. Results indicate that, although people in KwaDelamay be exposed to ambient PM concentrations that can be non-compliant to ambient standards, the exposure to indoor air, where solid fuel is burnt, may be detrimental to their health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document