Membránové kontaktory a jejich aplikační potenciál

Nowadays, due to the scarcity of natural resources, there is more pressure on the reuse of materials and the application of circular economy principles. For this purpose, increasingly efficient and energy-saving technologies capable of extracting valuable raw materials from waste streams are needed, thus reducing energy and material dependence on primary resources. One such innovative technology is represented by membrane contactors, which enable mass sharing without the need for phase dispersion within each other, thus achieving lower operational and space requirements, as compared to conventional mass sharing devices (e.g. packed bed, tower column or stirred bed reactors). In addition, membrane contactors are very versatile and can be used not only for the recovery of valuable materials from waste streams in waste management processes (in particular recycling of metals or organics), but also as life-saving devices in biomedical applications (e.g. as extracorporeal blood oxygenation devices).

Border Security in Modern Customs Administration as an Organisational and Managerial Principle (US Case)

The article attempts to complex, systemic consideration of border management mechanisms. This question is analyzed by the author from the point of view of various research approaches for a comprehensive study of the organizational and functional nature of this phenomenon. The text gives the most pressing reasons for the transformation of border management processes in the modern world, as well as some significant threats and challenges to collective security in the global economy. The author focuses on North American management experience, as North American countries today demonstrate the highest productivity and innovation in border management and trade security. As the main conclusion of the article, we can cite the thesis that the necessary condition for effective border management in the modern world is interstate cooperation and international cooperation of administrative institutions and commercial organizations.

The influence of the knowledge management processes on results in basic education schools

Purpose This study aims to identify the influence of knowledge management processes on the performance of basic education, including both private and confessional organizations. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on a positivist view of science and adopts a quantitative approach. A survey was conducted that received 242 answers, which were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings All the knowledge management processes were found to impact all the dimensions of organizational performance in the schools. The role knowledge creation exerts on people in the organization was made apparent, as was the way in which knowledge storage impacts three Balanced Scorecard dimensions, namely, people, internal processes and sustainability. Research limitations/implications This research is limited to private confessional basic education schools in Brazil that work at one or more levels of basic education. Practical implications This research is intended to help educational managers improve their knowledge management practices and achieve better performance within the educational environment. Originality/value The present study identifies two topics which are still under-investigated in the field of private confessional basic education, namely: the knowledge management processes and the Balanced Scorecard approach.

Informal relations as a tool for socialization and adaptation of state and municipal employees

The article proposes an algorithm for assessing the environment of informal relations between employees of state and municipal institutions. The purpose of the study is to improve management processes by assessing informal relations as a tool for socialization and adaptation of employees of state and municipal institutions. Based on a literature review, objectives for managing informal relationships were set. Further, the characteristics of the environment of informal relations are revealed, for the assessment of which the methods and techniques of domestic and foreign authors can be applied. The paper offers recommendations on the application of methods and techniques for studying the environment of informal relations between staff of state and municipal institutions. Applied methods: analysis of sources, comparison, legal method. The novelty of the work lies in the substantiation of the application of methods and techniques for assessing the psychological climate in the team, the level of job satisfaction, conflict, informal leadership to study the environment of informal relations. The practical significance of achieving the desired level of the environment lies in the ability to increase the level of retention of employees, to provide flexibility in making managerial decisions and their implementation.

Strategic Behavior in Family Firms

Previous research emphasizes that the participation of the family in business operations is the source of resources and capabilities that conditions the strategic behavior of the family firm. This influence has been recognized as “familiness.” However, this definition is contextualized from static reasoning that ignores the effect of family dynamics on the behavior and value generation of the family-owned business. Prior literature has recognized that the family influence has a dynamic character based on the idiosyncratic process of knowledge management that manifests itself in the company, dynamic familiness. This family capability is shaped by family organizational routines through the family influence and aims to increase its knowledge portfolios for the strategic use of its resources. This chapter addresses the relationship between family influence and the process of learning and knowledge management. The analysis of this relationship allows assessing how family influence can promote the generation of family organizational routines based on knowledge management processes.

Management of Big Data Projects

Big data is an emerging area of research that is of interest to various fields; however, studies in the literature and various sources claim that failure rates for big data projects are considerably high. There are different reasons for failure; varying from management processes to the use of wrong technologies. This study investigates how the project management framework proposed by Project Management Institute (PMI) can be effectively adapted to big data projects to reduce failure rates. The application of processes as mentioned in this study can help to eliminate the causes of failure in the early stages of the project; thus, increasing the successful completion rate of such projects.

How AI Changes the Technopreneurship in the Business World and Its Impact on Business Practices

Technopreneurship is the combination of the words “technology” and “entrepreneurship” that refers to commercial activities, including trading, importing and exporting, selling and buying locally or internationally, that are performed using technologies or technological tools, such as online marketing, data analytics, entrepreneurial platforms, artefactual intelligence appliances, robotics, etc. Additionally, technopreneurship also covers data science management, where data mining, data warehousing, big data analysis are among the important processes that are executed on scientific data in order to identify consumers' purchase behaviours and to forecast market trends. Technopreneurship is a form of entrepreneurship with technologies that involve intensive production, operation, and management processes and practise entrepreneurial spirits involving creativity, innovation, risk-taking, adventure, ambition, and foreseeing actions to achieve success.

Criticality Analysis Techniques Applied to Optimize Maintenance Management Processes

The techniques of criticality analysis are tools that allow identifying and hierarchy for their importance the assets of an installation on which it is worth directing resources (human, economic, and technological). In other words, the process of criticality analysis helps determine the importance and consequences of potential failure events of production systems within the operational context in which they perform. Taking as reference the maintenance management model (MMM) of the eight phases, this chapter related to techniques of prioritization and criticality is part of Phase 2 of the MMM. In the following chapter, the most important theoretical aspects of equipment hierarchical analysis techniques are explained, based on the qualitative and quantitative risk model (failures frequencies and consequences). Finally, two case studies in the oil refining industry are developed; the first case uses the tool qualitative risk matrix (QRM), and the second case uses the tool risk analytic hierarchy process (RAHP).

Developing Smart Experiences

Studies have drawn on single theoretical perspectives to examine smart experiences; however, this chapter proposes a multi-theoretical perspective for understanding the development of smart experiences. This is an alternate perspective to exploring the planning and management processes that precede the formation of smart initiatives. Different theoretical perspectives, focused on stakeholder involvement, are drawn upon to understand the engagement in developing smart experiences. This development has created various smart experiences, which was possible due to core collaboration components and varying factors. The chapter calls for empirical investigations into smart tourism through the lens of tourism collaboration to deepen understanding of this development. Practitioners can also benefit from using this perspective, as it provides insights useful for developing smart experiences at the destination level, which is currently lacking in public discourse.