scholarly journals Caffeine and sodium bicarbonate supplementation alone or together improve karate performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Rezaei ◽  
Kazem Akbari ◽  
Daniel E. Gahreman ◽  
Amir Sarshin ◽  
Montassar Tabben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Rate Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Ergogenic Effects

Abstract Background The ergogenic properties of acute caffeine (CAF) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion on athletic performance have been previously investigated. However, each sport has unique physiological and technical characteristics which warrants optimizing supplementations strategies for maximizing performance. This study examined the effects of CAF and NaHCO3 ingestion on physiological responses and rate of perceived exertion during a Karate-specific aerobic test (KSAT) in competitive karatekas. Methods In a double-blind, crossover, randomized placebo-controlled trial, eight Karatekas underwent five experimental conditions including control (CON), placebo (PLA), CAF, NaHCO3, and CAF + NaHCO3 before completing KSAT. Capsules containing 6 mg/kg BW CAF were consumed 50 min prior to a KSAT whilst 0.3 g/kg BW NaHCO3 was consumed for 3 days leading to and 120, 90, and 60 min prior to a KSAT. Time to exhaustion (TTE), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and blood lactate (BL) were measured before, immediately after and 3 min following KSAT. Results TTE was significantly greater following CAF, NaHCO3, and CAF + NaHCO3 consumption compared to PLA and CON. However, the differences between CAF, NaHCO3, and CAF + NaHCO3 were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). BL increased significantly from baseline to immediately after and 3 min following KSAT in all conditions (p < 0.01), while RPE at the end of KSAT was not significantly different between conditions (p = 0.11). Conclusions Karate practitioners may benefit from the ergogenic effects of CAF and NaHCO3 when consumed separately or together.

Acute ingestion of hydrogen-rich water does not improve incremental treadmill running performance in endurance-trained athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheong Hwa Ooi ◽  
Siew Kit Ng ◽  
Eshaifol Azam Omar
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Acute Ingestion

There is emerging evidence that hydrogen-rich water (H2-water) has beneficial effects on the physiological responses to exercise. However, few studies investigate its ergogenic potential. This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of H2-water ingestion on physiological responses and exercise performance during incremental treadmill running. In a double-blind crossover design, 14 endurance-trained male runners (age, 34 ± 4 years; body mass, 63.1 ± 7.2 kg; height, 1.72 ± 0.05 m) were randomly assigned to ingest 2 doses of 290-mL H2-water or placebo on each occasion. The first bolus was given before six 4-min submaximal running bouts, and the second bolus was consumed before the maximal incremental running test. Expired gas, heart rate (HR), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded; blood samples were collected at the end of each submaximal stage and post maximal running test. Cardiorespiratory responses, RPE, and blood gas indices were not significantly different at each submaximal running intensity (range: 34%–91% maximal oxygen uptake) between H2-water and placebo trials. No statistical difference was observed in running time to exhaustion (618 ± 126 vs. 619 ± 113 s), maximal oxygen uptake (56.9 ± 4.4 vs. 57.1 ± 4.7 mL·kg−1·min−1), maximal HR (184 ± 7 vs. 184 ± 7 beat·min−1), and RPE (19 ± 1 vs. 19 ± 1) in the runners between the trials. The results suggest that the ingestion of 290 mL of H2-water before submaximal treadmill running and an additional dose before the subsequent incremental running to exhaustion were not sufficiently ergogenic in endurance-trained athletes. Novelty Acute ingestion of H2-water does not seem to be ergogenic for endurance performance. A small dose of H2-water does not modulate buffering capacity during intense endurance exercise in athletes.

Influence of Carbohydrate Ingestion on Blood Glucose and Performance in Runners

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall L. Wilber ◽  
Robert J. Moffatt
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Carbohydrate Ingestion

Ten trained male runners performed a treadmill exercise test at 80%under two experimental conditions, carbohydrate (CHO, 7% carbohydrate) and placebo (P), to determine the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on endurance performance (treadmill run time), blood glucose concentration, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and subjective ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). Treatment order was randomized and counterbalanced and test solutions were administered double-blind. Ingestion took place 5 min preexercise (250 ml) and at 15-min intervals during exercise (125 ml). Performance was enhanced by 29.4% (p~ 0.05) during CHO (115 ±25 min) compared to P (92 ± 27 min). Blood glucose concentration was significantly greater during CHO (5.6 ± 0.9 mM) relative to P (5.0 ±0.7 mM). There was a significant increase in mean RER following CHO ingestion (.94±.01) compared to P (.90±.01). Average RPE was significantly less during CHO (14.5±2.3) relative to P (15.4±2.4). These data suggest that time to exhaustion of high-intensity treadmill exercise is delayed as a result of carbohydrate ingestion and that this effect is mediated by favorable alterations in blood glucose concentration and substrate utilization.

Caffeine, but not bicarbonate, improves 6 min maximal performance in elite rowers

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1058-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Christensen ◽  
Mads H. Petersen ◽  
Signe N. Friis ◽  
Jens Bangsbo
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
Maximal Performance ◽  
Ergogenic Effects ◽  
Elite Rowers

This study examined the ergogenic effects in a 6 min maximal performance test (PT) on 12 elite rowers: 6 open-weight (mean ± SD; 25 ± 1 years, and 92 ± 3 kg) and 6 light-weight (25 ± 3 years, and 73 ± 6 kg), following supplementation with caffeine (CAF), sodium bicarbonate (SB), and the combination of both, in a double-blind randomized placebo (PLA) controlled design. PT was executed on 4 occasions, on separate days within a week, and in a non-fasted state, with standardized training being performed the day before PT. Protocols were as follows: (i) CAF, 3 mg/kg, 45 min prior to PT + calcium as SB-PLA; (ii) SB, 0.3 g/kg, 75 min prior to PT + dextrose as CAF-PLA; (iii) CAF + SB; and (iv) PLA; CAF-PLA + SB-PLA. The total distance in the CAF (1878 ± 97 m) and CAF + SB (1877 ± 97 m) was longer than in the PLA (1865 ± 104 m; P < 0.05) and SB (1860 ± 96 m; P < 0.01). The mean power in CAF (400 ± 58 W) and CAF + SB (400 ± 58 W) was higher than the PLA (393 ± 61 W; P < 0.05) and SB (389 ± 57 W; P < 0.01). In CAF and CAF + SB, power was higher (P < 0.05) relative to PLA in the last half (4–6 min) of PT. Trials with CAF were more effective in light-weight rowers (1.0% ± 0.8% improvement in distance; P < 0.05) than in open-weight rowers (0.3% ± 0.8%; P > 0.05). No difference between interventions was observed for readiness and stomach comfort before PT and perceived exertion during PT. This study demonstrates that caffeine ingestion does improve performance in elite rowing. In contrast sodium bicarbonate does not appear to be ergogenic, but it does not abolish the ergogenic effect of caffeine.

scholarly journals SODIUM BICARBONATE SUPPLEMENTATION IMPROVES PERFORMANCE IN ISOMETRIC FATIGUE PROTOCOL

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Cezar Augusto Souza Casarin ◽  
Rafael Ambrósio Battazza ◽  
Marco Aurélio Lamolha ◽  
Marcelo Martins Kalytczak ◽  
Fabiano Politti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Isometric Contraction ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Fatigue Protocol ◽  
Blood Ph

ABSTRACT Introduction: Although sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) supplementation has been shown to decrease fatigue and improve high-intensity exercise performance, the effects on maintenance of isometric contractions are not clear. Objective: To investigate the effect of NaHCO3 on the performance of individuals subjected to a fatigue protocol in an isometric exercise on the isokinetic dynamometer. Methods: Participants were 12 men in a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled trial. Sixteen minutes after the intake of 0.3 g/kg of body mass of NaHCO3 or placebo, the participants performed an isometric fatigue protocol of right knee extension exercises during eight minutes at 70% of maximum voluntary isometric contraction. The fatigue indicator was the time point at which torque was reduced to 50% of the initial value. The length of resistance was assessed by maintaining the task over 50% of the initial torque. Lactate/blood pH concentrations and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and pain (RPP) indexes were analyzed. The RPE of the session was evaluated 30 minutes after the test. Results: Blood pH was higher in pre-protocol and in the fatigue indicator after NaHCO3 intake, as were the blood lactate concentrations in the fatigue indicator and at the end of the protocol (p<0.001). NaHCO3 supplementation increased the time to fatigue and lessened the rate of decline of isometric peak torque at the end of the protocol (p<0.001). RPE and RPP were smaller at the end of the protocol in the NaHCO3 condition, and the RPE of the session was diminished (p<0.001). Conclusion: NaHCO3 supplementation enhances steady isometric contraction performance and reduces the internal load. Level of Evidence II; Diagnostic studies - Investigation of an examination for diagnosis.

scholarly journals To Focus or Not to Focus: Is Attention on the Core Components of Action Beneficial for Cycling Performance?

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Bertollo ◽  
Selenia di Fronso ◽  
Edson Filho ◽  
Vito Lamberti ◽  
Patrizio Ripari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Task Type ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Type 3

We conducted a counterbalanced repeated measure trial to investigate the effect of different internal and external associative strategies on endurance performance. Seventeen college-aged students were randomly assigned to three experimental conditions to test the notion that different attention-performance types (optimal Type 1, functional Type 2, and dysfunctional Type 3) would influence endurance time on a cycling task. Specifically, Type 1 represented an effortless and automatic, “flow-feeling” attentional mode. Type 2 referred to an associative focus directed at core components of the task. Type 3 represented an attentional focus directed at irrelevant components of the task. Participants completed three time-to-exhaustion-tests while reporting their perceived exertion and affective states (arousal and hedonic tone). Results revealed that Type 1 and Type 2 attentional strategies, compared with Type 3 strategy, exerted functional effects on performance, whereas a Type 3 strategy was linked to lower performance, and lower levels of arousal and pleasantness. Applied implications are discussed.

Sodium bicarbonate to prevent increases in serum creatinine after cardiac surgery: A pilot double-blind, randomized controlled trial*

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Haase ◽  
Anja Haase-Fielitz ◽  
Rinaldo Bellomo ◽  
Prasad Devarajan ◽  
David Story ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Effects of Caffeine Ingestion on Exercise-induced Change during High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaiah Trice ◽  
Emily M. Haymes
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Serum Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Placebo Trial ◽  
Double Blind Design

In this study a double-blind design was used to determine the effect of caffeine on time to exhaustion and on associated metabolic and circulatory measures. Eight male subjects ingested either caffeine (5 mg/kg body weight) or a placebo 1 hr prior to exercise at 85-90% of maximum workload. Subjects were encouraged to complete three 30-min intermittent cycling periods at 70 rpm with 5 min rest between each. The exercise was terminated when the subject failed to complete three 30-min periods or failed to maintain 70 rpm for at least 15 s consecutively. Serum free fatty acids, glycerol, blood glucose, lactate, perceived exertion, heart rate, andcost were measured. The time to exhaustion was significantly longer during the caffeine trial than during the placebo trial. Serum free fatty acid levels were significantly different between trials. The decline in blood glucose levels was significantly less during the caffeine trial than during the placebo trial. There were no significant differences between trials for the other measures. It was concluded that caffeine increases time to exhaustion when trained subjects cycled intermittently at high levels of intensity.

Caffeine effects on VO2max test outcomes investigated by a placebo perceived-as-caffeine design

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cayque Brietzke ◽  
Ricardo Yukio Asano ◽  
Felipe De Russi de Lima ◽  
Fabiano Aparecido Pinheiro ◽  
Franco-Alvarenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Ergogenic Effects ◽  
Vo2max Test ◽  
Test Outcomes

Background: Ergogenic effects of caffeine (CAF) ingestion have been observed in different cycling exercise modes, and have been associated with alterations in ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). However, there has been little investigation of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2MAX) test outcomes. Aim: This study aimed to verify whether CAF may reduce RPE, thereby improving maximal incremental test (MIT) outcomes such as VO2MAX, time to exhaustion and peak power output (WPEAK). Methods: Nine healthy individuals performed three MITs (25 W/min until exhaustion) in a random, counterbalanced fashion after ingestion of CAF, placebo perceived as caffeine (PLA), and no supplementation (baseline control). VO2 was measured throughout the test, while RPE was rated according to overall and leg effort sensations. The power output corresponding to submaximal (RPE = 14 according to the 6–20 Borg scale) and maximal RPE was recorded for both overall (O-RPE14 and O-RPEMAX) and leg RPE (L-RPE14 and L-RPEMAX). Results: VO2MAX did not change significantly between MITs; however, CAF and PLA increased time to exhaustion (↑ ∼18.7% and ∼17.1%, respectively; p < .05) and WPEAK (↑ ∼13.0% and ∼11.8%, respectively; p < .05) when compared with control. When compared with control, CAF ingestion reduced submaximal and maximal overall and leg RPEs, the effect being greater in maximal (likely beneficial in O-RPEMAX and L-RPEMAX) than submaximal RPE (possibly beneficial in O-RPE14 and L-RPE14). Similar results were found when participants ingested PLA. Conclusions: Compared with control, CAF and PLA improved MIT performance outcomes such as time to exhaustion and WPEAK, without altering VO2MAX values. CAF effects were attributed to placebo.

The Effects of Choline Supplementation on Physical Performance

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Warber ◽  
John F. Patton ◽  
William J. Tharion ◽  
Steven H. Zeisel ◽  
Robert P. Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Load Carriage ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Total Load ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Heavy Loads

It has been reported that plasma choline levels decrease following certain types of strenuous exercise. Preliminary findings also suggest that a drop in plasma choline may limit physical performance, while choline supplementation may delay fatigue during prolonged efforts. A double-blind crossover design was used to determine the relationship between plasma choline and performance during and after 4 hr of strenuous exercise. Volunteers (N = 14) received either a placebo or treatment beverage (8.425 g choline citrate) prior to and midway through a 4-hr load carriage treadmill exercise (3% grade at 5.6 km/h × 20 km) carrying a total load of 34.1 kg. Following the treadmill test, run time-to-exhaustion and squat tests were performed, and perceived exertion, plasma choline, glycerophosphocholine, and phosphatidylcholine were measured. Plasma choline levels increased 128% after the run-to-exhaustion with the choline supplemented beverage but remained unchanged with the placebo beverage. No significant effects were seen with choline supplementation on any outcome performance measure. Consequently, soldiers conditioned to carry heavy loads over long distances do not deplete plasma choline as a result of a prolonged exhaustive exercise under a placebo beverage, nor do they benefit from choline supplementation to delay fatigue under the same conditions.

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