blood ph
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

817
(FIVE YEARS 101)

H-INDEX

46
(FIVE YEARS 4)

Author(s):  
Michael M. Tymko ◽  
Christopher K. Willie ◽  
Connor A. Howe ◽  
Ryan L. Hoiland ◽  
Rachel Stone ◽  
...  

High-altitude exposure results in a hyperventilatory-induced respiratory alkalosis followed by renal compensation (bicarbonaturia) to return arterial blood pH(a) toward sea-level values. However, acid-base balance has not been comprehensively examined in both lowlanders and indigenous populations - where the latter are thought to be fully adapted to high-altitude. The purpose of this investigation was to compare acid-base balance between acclimatizing lowlanders, and Andean and Sherpa highlanders at various altitudes (~3,800, ~4,300, and ~5,000 m). We compiled data collected across five independent high-altitude expeditions and report the following novel findings: 1) at 3,800 m, Andeans (n=7) had elevated pHa compared to Sherpas (n=12; P<0.01), but not to lowlanders (n=16; nine days acclimatized; P=0.09); 2) at 4,300 m, lowlanders (n=16; 21 days acclimatized) had elevated pHa compared to Andeans (n=32) and Sherpas (n=11; both P<0.01), and Andeans had elevated pHa compared to Sherpas (P=0.01); and 3) at 5,000 m, lowlanders (n=16; 14 days acclimatized) had higher pHa compared to both Andeans (n=66) and Sherpas (n=18; P<0.01, and P=0.03, respectively), and Andean and Sherpa highlanders had similar blood pHa (P=0.65). These novel data characterize acid-base balance acclimatization and adaptation to various altitudes in lowlanders and indigenous highlanders.


Author(s):  
Jun-Ya Kaimori ◽  
Yusuke Sakaguchi ◽  
Sachio Kajimoto ◽  
Yuta Asahina ◽  
Tatsufumi Oka ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Chaves Monteiro ◽  
Rinaldo Batista Viana ◽  
Raffaella Bertoni Cavalcanti Teixeira ◽  
Marcel Ferreira Bastos Avanza ◽  
Pedro Ancelmo Nunes Ermita ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT: The effects of acetate as an alkalinizing agent in maintenance enteral electrolyte solutions administered by nasogastric route in a continuous flow have not been previously described in weaned foals. This is the second part of a study that evaluated the effects of two electrolyte solutions of enteral therapy fluid in weaned foals. In this part, will be considered the effects of enteral electrolyte solutions containing different acetate concentrations on acid-base balance, blood glucose, lactate and urine pH of weaned foals. This was a controlled trial in a cross-over design performed in six foals with a mean age of 7.3 ± 1.4 months. After 12 h of water and food deprivation, each animal received the following two treatments by nasogastric route in a continuous flow of 15 ml/kg/h during 12 h: HighAcetate (acetate 52 mmol/l) and LowAcetate (acetate 22.6 mmol/l). The HighAcetate treatment was effective in generating a slight increase in blood pH, blood bicarbonate concentration, base excess and urinary pH.


2022 ◽  
Vol 226 (1) ◽  
pp. S617-S618
Author(s):  
Shirel Matmor Loeub ◽  
Reut Rotem ◽  
Adi Y. Weintraub ◽  
Shimrit Yaniv Salem

Author(s):  
Praveen M. K. ◽  
John Martin K.D. ◽  
Sudheesh S. Nair ◽  
Reji Varghese ◽  
Suresh N. Nair

The study was conducted in six crossbred female cattle aged nine months to five years and weighing between 82-375 kg, to evaluate haematobiochemical and blood gas changes in during multimodal general anaesthesia. The animals were premedicated by intravenous administration of butorphanol (0.05mg/kg body weight) immediately followed by xylazine (0.02 mg/kg body weight). On achieving sedation, the animals were controlled in left lateral recumbency and induction of anaesthesia was carried out by intravenous administration of ketamine and midazolam at the dose rate of 4.0 and 0.2 mg/kg body weight respectively. Endotracheal intubation was performed and maintenance of general anaesthesia was carried out using isoflurane in 100% oxygen. The variation in total erythrocyte count, total leukocyte count, volume of packed red cells, platelet count and haemoglobin were non-significant before and after anaesthesia. A non-significant lymphocytopaenia with neutrophilia and mild variations in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase enzyme levels were also noticed. Blood pH reduced significantly (p<0.05) after induction of anaesthesia and returned to baseline values after recovery whereas PvCO2 (p<0.05) and base excess (p<0.01) values increased significantly after induction of anaesthesia. The blood bicarbonate did not alter significantly following induction of anaesthesia.


Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1243
Author(s):  
Chi-Hua Ko ◽  
Ying-Wei Lan ◽  
Ying-Chou Chen ◽  
Tien-Tsai Cheng ◽  
Shan-Fu Yu ◽  
...  

Background and Objectives: In the intensive care unit (ICU), renal failure and respiratory failure are two of the most common organ failures in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). These clinical symptoms usually result from sepsis, trauma, hypermetabolism or shock. If this syndrome is caused by septic shock, the Surviving Sepsis Campaign Bundle suggests that vasopressin be given to maintain mean arterial pressure (MAP) > 65 mmHg if the patient is hypotensive after fluid resuscitation. Nevertheless, it is important to note that some studies found an effect of various mean arterial pressures on organ function; for example, a MAP of less than 75 mmHg was associated with the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, no published study has evaluated the risk factors of mortality in the subgroup of acute kidney injury with respiratory failure, and little is known of the impact of general risk factors that may increase the mortality rate. Materials and Methods: The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors that might directly affect survival in critically ill patients with multiple organ failure in this subgroup. We retrospectively constructed a cohort study of patients who were admitted to the ICUs, including medical, surgical, and neurological, over 24 months (2015.1 to 2016.12) at Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. We only considered patients who met the criteria of acute renal injury according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) and were undergoing mechanical ventilator support due to acute respiratory failure at admission. Results: Data showed that the overall ICU and hospital mortality rate was 63.5%. The most common cause of ICU admission in this cohort study was cardiovascular disease (31.7%) followed by respiratory disease (28.6%). Most patients (73%) suffered sepsis during their ICU admission and the mean length of hospital stay was 24.32 ± 25.73 days. In general, the factors independently associated with in-hospital mortality were lactate > 51.8 mg/dL, MAP ≤ 77.16 mmHg, and pH ≤ 7.22. The risk of in-patient mortality was analyzed using a multivariable Cox regression survival model. Adjusting for other covariates, MAP ≤ 77.16 mmHg was associated with higher probability of in-hospital death [OR = 3.06 (1.374–6.853), p = 0.006]. The other independent outcome predictor of mortality was pH ≤ 7.22 [OR = 2.40 (1.122–5.147), p = 0.024]. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were calculated and the log rank statistic was highly significant. Conclusions: Acute kidney injury combined with respiratory failure is associated with high mortality. High mean arterial pressure and normal blood pH might improve these outcomes. Therefore, the acid–base status and MAP should be considered when attempting to predict outcome. Moreover, the blood pressure targets for acute kidney injury in critical care should not be similar to those recommended for the general population and might prevent mortality.


Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Csaba Korei ◽  
Balazs Szabo ◽  
Adam Varga ◽  
Barbara Barath ◽  
Adam Deak ◽  
...  

In trauma and orthopedic surgery, limb ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) remains a great challenge. The effect of preventive protocols, including surgical conditioning approaches, is still controversial. We aimed to examine the effects of local ischemic pre-conditioning (PreC) and post-conditioning (PostC) on limb I/R. Anesthetized rats were randomized into sham-operated (control), I/R (120-min limb ischemia with tourniquet), PreC, or PostC groups (3 × 10-min tourniquet ischemia, 10-min reperfusion intervals). Blood samples were taken before and just after the ischemia, and on the first postoperative week for testing hematological, micro-rheological (erythrocyte deformability and aggregation), and metabolic parameters. Histological samples were also taken. Erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values decreased, while after a temporary decrease, platelet count increased in I/R groups. Erythrocyte deformability impairment and aggregation enhancement were seen after ischemia, more obviously in the PreC group, and less in PostC. Blood pH decreased in all I/R groups. The elevation of creatinine and lactate concentration was the largest in PostC group. Histology did not reveal important differences. In conclusion, limb I/R caused micro-rheological impairment with hematological and metabolic changes. Ischemic pre- and post-conditioning had additive changes in various manners. Post-conditioning showed better micro-rheological effects. However, by these parameters it cannot be decided which protocol is better.


2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Younghye Ro ◽  
Woojae Choi ◽  
Leegon Hong ◽  
Eunkyung Kim ◽  
Eunhui Choe ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction Maintaining mineral homeostasis as well as the secretion and metabolism of mineralotropic hormones is important for healthy of periparturient dairy cows. To increase the activity of mineralotropic hormones, blood pH can be adjusted. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in blood pH and the mechanism of action of this change in induced hypercalcaemic cows. Material and Methods Six non-lactating Holstein cows were used in a 2 × 2 crossover design. To induce hypercalcaemia, calcium borogluconate was administered subcutaneously to experimental cows and normal saline was administered subcutaneously to control cows. Blood and urine samples were collected serially after administration. Whole blood without any anticoagulant was processed with a portable blood gas analyser. Plasma concentration and urinary excretion of calcium were measured. Results In hypercalcaemic cows, both blood and urine calcium levels were significantly increased at 8 h compared to those at 0 h (P < 0.05), and a spontaneous increase in blood pH was also observed. The calcium concentration in plasma was highest at 2 h after administration (3.02 ± 0.27 mmol/L). The change in pH correlated with that in bicarbonate (r = 0.781, P < 0.001) rather than that in partial pressure of CO2 (r = 0.085, P = 0.424). Conclusion Hypercalcaemia induced a spontaneous change in blood pH through the bicarbonate buffer system and this system may be a maintainer of calcium homeostasis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Iulia Melega ◽  
Lucia Victoria Bel ◽  
Cosmina Andreea Dejescu ◽  
Madalina Florina Dragomir ◽  
Bogdan Sevastre ◽  
...  

In a clinical setting, we tested the hypothesis of whether hypercapnia developed during carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum is associated with changes in blood electrolytes. This prospective study involved ten female cats that underwent elective laparoscopic ovariectomy. Venous blood samples for assessment of electrolytes were collected in the following sequence: T1- before anaesthesia induction, T2 - 10 minutes after anaesthesia induction, T3 - 30 minutes of pneumoperitoneum and T4 - at the end of pneumoperitoneum. Statistical analysis revealed AB disturbances associated with general anaesthesia and pneumoperitoneum, manifested with decreased blood pH, whereas blood PvCO2, PO2 and BE were increased. A constant increase of K+ concentration was recorded in all animals during pneumoperitoneum (P<0.05), whereas iMg registered a significant increase only at T3 (P<0.05). Correlations were recorded between blood pH and Na+, iCa, iMg, as well as between Na+ and Cl¯ at different time points during anaesthesia. No correlations were noted between pH and K+ or PvCO2 and K+. In conclusion, electrolyte imbalance represents a possible complication associated with laparoscopic surgery in healthy cats. However, further studies should investigate the causes involved in K+ concentration elevation.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document