scholarly journals Use of ecological momentary assessment to detect variability in mood, sleep and stress in bipolar disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Li ◽  
Dahlia Mukherjee ◽  
Venkatesh Basappa Krishnamurthy ◽  
Caitlin Millett ◽  
Kelly A. Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment

Abstract Objective Our aim was to study within-person variability in mood, cognition, energy, and impulsivity measured in an Ecological Momentary Assessment paradigm in bipolar disorder by using modern statistical techniques. Exploratory analyses tested the relationship between bipolar disorder symptoms and hours of sleep, and levels of pain, social and task-based stress. We report an analysis of data from a two-arm, parallel group study (bipolar disorder group N = 10 and healthy control group N = 10, with 70% completion rate of 14-day surveys). Surveys of bipolar disorder symptoms, social stressors and sleep hours were completed on a smartphone at unexpected times in an Ecological Momentary Assessment paradigm twice a day. Multi-level models adjusted for potential subject heterogeneity were adopted to test the difference between the bipolar disorder and health control groups. Results Within-person variability of mood, energy, speed of thoughts, impulsivity, pain and perception of skill of tasks was significantly higher in the bipolar disorder group compared to health controls. Elevated bipolar disorder symptom domains in the evening were associated with reduced sleep time that night. Stressors were associated with worsening of bipolar disorder symptoms. Detection of symptoms when an individual is experiencing difficulty allows personalized, focused interventions.

scholarly journals Are Retrospective Assessments Means of People’s Experiences? Accounting for Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Variability when Comparing Retrospective Assessment Data to Ecological Momentary Assessment Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
IJsbrand Leertouwer ◽  
Noémi Katalin Schuurman ◽  
Jeroen Vermunt
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Assessment Data ◽  
Interindividual Differences ◽  
Retrospective Assessment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Ema Data ◽  
Momentary Assessment ◽  
Intrapersonal Variability

Retrospective Assessment (RA) scores are often found to be higher than the mean of Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) scores about a concurrent period. This difference is generally interpreted as bias towards salient experiences in RA. During RA, participants are often asked to summarize their experiences in unspecific terms, which may indeed facilitate bias. At least in this unspecific form, the summary that participants apply to their remembered experiences can take many different forms. In this study, we reanalyzed an existing dataset (N = 92) using a repeated N = 1 approach. We reported on interindividual differences between EMA data and RA score, and assessed for each participant whether it was likely that their RA score was an approximation of the mean of their experiences as captured by their EMA data. We found considerable interpersonal differences in the difference between EMA scores and RA scores, as well as some extreme cases. Furthermore, for a considerable part of the sample (n = 46 for positive affect, n = 60 for negative affect), we did not reject the null hypothesis that their RA score represented the mean of their experiences as captured by their EMA data. We conclude that in its current unspecific form, RA may facilitate bias, although not for everyone. Future studies may determine whether more specific forms of RA reduce bias, while acknowledging interindividual differences.

scholarly journals Effects of a Smartphone-Based Approach-Avoidance Intervention on Chocolate Craving and Consumption: Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/12298 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e12298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Meule ◽  
Anna Richard ◽  
Radomir Dinic ◽  
Jens Blechert
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Avoidance Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment ◽  
High Calorie

Background Repeatedly pushing high-calorie food stimuli away based on joystick movements has been found to reduce approach biases toward these stimuli. Some studies also found that such avoidance training reduced consumption of high-calorie foods. Objective This study aimed to test effects of a smartphone-based approach-avoidance intervention on chocolate craving and consumption, to make such interventions suitable for daily use. Methods Within a 10-day period, regular chocolate eaters (n=105, 86% female) performed five sessions during which they continuously avoided (ie, swiped upward) chocolate stimuli (experimental group, n=35), performed five sessions during which they approached and avoided chocolate stimuli equally often (placebo control group, n=35), or did not perform any training sessions (inactive control group, n=35). Training effects were measured during laboratory sessions before and after the intervention period and further continuously through daily ecological momentary assessment. Results Self-reported chocolate craving and consumption as well as body fat mass significantly decreased from pre- to postmeasurement across all groups. Ecological momentary assessment reports evidenced no differences in chocolate craving and consumption between intervention days and rest days as a function of the group. Conclusions A smartphone-based approach-avoidance training did not affect eating-related and anthropometric measures over and above measurement-based changes in this study. Future controlled studies need to examine whether other techniques of modifying food approach tendencies show an add-on benefit over conventional, monitoring-based intervention effects. Trial Registration AsPredicted 8203; https://aspredicted.org/pt9df.pdf.

scholarly journals Effects of a Smartphone-Based Approach-Avoidance Intervention on Chocolate Craving and Consumption: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Meule ◽  
Anna Richard ◽  
Radomir Dinic ◽  
Jens Blechert
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Avoidance Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment ◽  
High Calorie

BACKGROUND Repeatedly pushing high-calorie food stimuli away based on joystick movements has been found to reduce approach biases toward these stimuli. Some studies also found that such avoidance training reduced consumption of high-calorie foods. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to test effects of a smartphone-based approach-avoidance intervention on chocolate craving and consumption, to make such interventions suitable for daily use. METHODS Within a 10-day period, regular chocolate eaters (n=105, 86% female) performed five sessions during which they continuously avoided (ie, swiped upward) chocolate stimuli (experimental group, n=35), performed five sessions during which they approached and avoided chocolate stimuli equally often (placebo control group, n=35), or did not perform any training sessions (inactive control group, n=35). Training effects were measured during laboratory sessions before and after the intervention period and further continuously through daily ecological momentary assessment. RESULTS Self-reported chocolate craving and consumption as well as body fat mass significantly decreased from pre- to postmeasurement across all groups. Ecological momentary assessment reports evidenced no differences in chocolate craving and consumption between intervention days and rest days as a function of the group. CONCLUSIONS A smartphone-based approach-avoidance training did not affect eating-related and anthropometric measures over and above measurement-based changes in this study. Future controlled studies need to examine whether other techniques of modifying food approach tendencies show an add-on benefit over conventional, monitoring-based intervention effects. CLINICALTRIAL AsPredicted 8203; https://aspredicted.org/pt9df.pdf.

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