scholarly journals The Current Status of Uptake of European BSS Directive (2013/59/Euratom) Requirements – Results of a Pilot Survey in European Radiology Departments with a Focus on Clinical Audit

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
David C. Howlett ◽  
Adrian P. Brady ◽  
Nuria Bargalló ◽  
Guy Frija ◽  
...  

AbstractThe recently implemented European Council Basic Safety Standards Directive (BSSD), 2013/59/Euratom lays down core radiation protection standards for European radiology departments, including a mandatory requirement for supporting processes of clinical audit. A repeat survey on behalf of the European Society of Radiology (ESR) was undertaken in February 2021, involving the ESR EuroSafe Imaging Star department network, to re-assess compliance with selected key BSSD requirements following an initial survey in 2018 where variable compliance was demonstrated. 61% (78/128) of eligible departments participated and overall the survey results revealed a mixed picture in terms of implementation of BSSD requirements when compared to the 2018 survey with both improvement and deterioration observed. This pattern was seen also in relation to supporting processes of regulatory audit and re-audit. Higher levels of “skipping” of responses were also observed in 2021. These findings were unexpected in light of the interventions in relation to audit (clinical and regulatory) and radiation protection undertaken by the ESR and other organisations in recent years, but can reasonably be explained by the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, with consequent significant disruption of radiology services. The 2021 survey results do serve to highlight again the need for co-ordinated intervention involving relevant European bodies, organisations and governmental agencies to address the important issues raised by this survey. The European Commission clinical audit and radiation protection initiatives, QuADRANT, led by the ESR, and SAMIRA will act as important drivers for improvement in patient safety, experience and outcomes across Europe.


1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 266-267
Author(s):  
R. L. Duncombe

An examination of some specialized lunar and planetary ephemerides has revealed inconsistencies in the adopted planetary masses, the presence of non-gravitational terms, and some outright numerical errors. They should be considered of temporary usefulness only, subject to subsequent amendment as required for the interpretation of observational data.


Author(s):  
Martin Peckerar ◽  
Anastasios Tousimis

Solid state x-ray sensing systems have been used for many years in conjunction with scanning and transmission electron microscopes. Such systems conveniently provide users with elemental area maps and quantitative chemical analyses of samples. Improvements on these tools are currently sought in the following areas: sensitivity at longer and shorter x-ray wavelengths and minimization of noise-broadening of spectral lines. In this paper, we review basic limitations and recent advances in each of these areas. Throughout the review, we emphasize the systems nature of the problem. That is. limitations exist not only in the sensor elements but also in the preamplifier/amplifier chain and in the interfaces between these components.Solid state x-ray sensors usually function by way of incident photons creating electron-hole pairs in semiconductor material. This radiation-produced mobile charge is swept into external circuitry by electric fields in the semiconductor bulk.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanhong Ma ◽  
Shao-Jie Lou ◽  
Zhaomin Hou

This review article provides a comprehensive overview to recognise the current status of electron-deficient boron-based catalysis in C–H functionalisations.


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