scholarly journals Quantitative ultrasound imaging of soft biological tissues: a primer for radiologists and medical physicists

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Cloutier ◽  
François Destrempes ◽  
François Yu ◽  
An Tang
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Ultrasound Image ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Ultrasound Wave ◽  
Ultrasound Waves ◽  
Medical Physicists ◽  
General Topic

AbstractQuantitative ultrasound (QUS) aims at quantifying interactions between ultrasound and biological tissues. QUS techniques extract fundamental physical properties of tissues based on interactions between ultrasound waves and tissue microstructure. These techniques provide quantitative information on sub-resolution properties that are not visible on grayscale (B-mode) imaging. Quantitative data may be represented either as a global measurement or as parametric maps overlaid on B-mode images. Recently, major ultrasound manufacturers have released speed of sound, attenuation, and backscatter packages for tissue characterization and imaging. Established and emerging clinical applications are currently limited and include liver fibrosis staging, liver steatosis grading, and breast cancer characterization. On the other hand, most biological tissues have been studied using experimental QUS methods, and quantitative datasets are available in the literature. This educational review addresses the general topic of biological soft tissue characterization using QUS, with a focus on disseminating technical concepts for clinicians and specialized QUS materials for medical physicists. Advanced but simplified technical descriptions are also provided in separate subsections identified as such. To understand QUS methods, this article reviews types of ultrasound waves, basic concepts of ultrasound wave propagation, ultrasound image formation, point spread function, constructive and destructive wave interferences, radiofrequency data processing, and a summary of different imaging modes. For each major QUS technique, topics include: concept, illustrations, clinical examples, pitfalls, and future directions.

scholarly journals Effect of histological processing and methacrylate sectioning on the area of gill tissue in teleost

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
AL. Cruz ◽  
MN. Fernandes ◽  
SF. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Glycol Methacrylate ◽  
Histological Processing

Deformation of biological tissues may occur during histological processing and results in loss of accuracy when quantitative information about cells, tissues and organs is necessary. In this study, the gill tissue from armored catfish (Pterygoplichthys anisitsi) was quantified in each step of processing using the stereological principles. During processing for glycol methacrylate embedding, gill tissue from shrinks significantly but regains its original dimensions after sectioning.

The Role of Gold Nanoparticles in Sonosensitization of Human Cervical Carcinoma Cell Line under Ultrasound Irradiation: An In Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Shanei ◽  
Hadi Akbari-Zadeh ◽  
Hamid Fakhimikabir ◽  
Neda Attaran
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Ultrasound Irradiation ◽  
Ultrasound Wave ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Ultrasound Waves ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma Cell Line ◽  
Ultrasound Intensity ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract:Purpose: The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the combined effects of ultrasound irradiation as a non-invasive and non-ionizing radiation with gold nanoparticles as ultrasound sensitizers on the HeLa cells.Materials and Methods: First, Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were prepared, and the characterizations of nanoparticles were analyzed using TEM and UV-vis. Different concentrations of nanoparticles (0.2, 1, 5, 25 and 50 μg/ml) were used. Then, cytotoxicity of the GNPs was studied on HeLa cells, and finally concentrations of 0.2, 1 and 5 µg/mL were chosen for supplementary studies. The effects of nanoparticles and ultrasound irradiation with different intensities (0.5, 1 and 1.5 W/cm2) as well as the combination of ultrasound radiation with various concentrations of nanoparticles on 24, 48 and 72 h post-experiment cells’ viability were estimated by MTT and trypan blue assay.Results: Results showed that the sonosensitizing effect of nanoparticles mainly depended on the intensity of ultrasound waves and the concentration of GNPs. By increasing the concentration of GNPs and ultrasound intensity, the nanoparticle's effect of sensitizer was also increased. Moreover, as expected, the highest effect was observed at the highest intensities (1.5 W/cm2) of ultrasound wave and high concentrations (5 μg/ml) of GNPs 72 h after exposure to ultrasound irradiation.Conclusions: It is revealed that GNPs can be used as sonosensitizers of HeLa cells to ultrasound irradiation in order to produce an efficient treatment.

A theoretical/numerical study on ultrasound wave coupling from structure to remotely bonded fiber Bragg grating (FBG) ultrasound sensor

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Haiying Huang ◽  
Kranthi Balusu
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Longitudinal Mode ◽  
Propagation Speed ◽  
Ultrasound Wave ◽  
Ultrasound Waves ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Bonding Parameters ◽  
Ultrasound Sensor ◽  
Fbg Sensors

Abstract Recent published experimental works on remotely bonded FBG ultrasound sensors show that they display some unique characteristics that are not observed with directly bonded FBG sensors. These studies suggest that the bonding of the optical fiber strongly influences how the ultrasound waves are coupled from the structure to the FBG sensor. In this paper, the analytical model of the structure-adhesive-optical fiber section, treated as an ultrasound coupler, is derived and analyzed to explain the observed experimental phenomena. The resulting dispersion curve shows that the ultrasound coupler possesses a cut-off frequency, above which a dispersive longitudinal mode exists. The low propagation speed of the dispersive longitudinal mode leads to multiple resonances at and above the cut-off frequency. To characterize the resonant characteristics of the ultrasound coupler, a semi-analytical numerical model is implemented and the scattering parameters (S-parameters) are introduced for broadband time-frequency analysis. The simulation was able to reproduce the experiment observations reported by other researchers. Parametric studies conducted on the bonding parameters demonstrated that the behaviors of the remotely bonded FBG sensors can be explained based on its resonant characteristics.

WE-EF-210-05: Diagnosis and Quantification of Liver Steatosis with Quantitative Ultrasound Backscatter Technique

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (6Part39) ◽  
pp. 3684-3684
Author(s):  
M Andre ◽  
E Heba ◽  
A Han ◽  
S Lin ◽  
T Wolfson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Ultrasound Backscatter

Basics of Ultrasound

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoun Nader ◽  
Greesh John ◽  
Mark C. Kendall
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Ultrasound Image ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Ultrasound Wave ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Image Optimization ◽  
Probe Selection ◽  
Ultrasound Technology ◽  
Needle Trajectory

This chapter discusses the basics of ultrasound wave emission and capture, probe selection, image-optimization techniques, artifact generation, and potential adverse biological effects. The rapid improvement of ultrasound image processing allows a dynamic exam with a reliable real-time assessment of the target tissue, the needle trajectory, and the injectate deposition. This, combined with ease of portability and absence of radiation, means the use of ultrasound guidance in regional anesthesia and interventional pain management is rapidly expanding. Basic understanding of ultrasound knobology principles is mandated by most societies using ultrasound technology and is essential for optimal use.

Tissue Characterization of Atheromatous Plaques: Correlation Between Ultrasound Image and Histological Findings

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 611-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Goes ◽  
W. Janssens ◽  
B. Maillet ◽  
M. Freson ◽  
L. Steyaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Ultrasound Image ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Atheromatous Plaques

Ultrasonic Characterization of Biological Tissues

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Shung
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Acoustic Velocity ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Subjective Analysis ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Ultrasonic Characterization ◽  
Ultrasonic Parameters ◽  
Relationship Of

Ultrasonic imaging has become increasingly important as a diagnostic tool in medicine because it is noninvasive and it can provide valuable information otherwise unattainable. However, at present, clinical interpretation of an ultrasonic image still mostly relies on recognition of boundaries and positional relationship of anatomical structures and a subjective analysis of the distribution or texture of echo amplitudes. Other potentially useful information carried back by the echoes is completely discarded. The aim of ultrasonic tissue characterization research is to develop methods to extract additional information from the returned echoes so that tissue pathology or abnormality can be reliably identifed and severity of the pathology objectively assessed with quantiative criteria. A number of ultrasonic parameters including acoustic velocity, impedance, attentuation and scattering, have been utilized in attempting to achieve this goal. In this paper, recent progress in this research will be discussed and relevant results presented.

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