scholarly journals A mixed-methods study of physiological reactivity to domain-specific problem solving: methodological perspectives for process-accompanying research in VET

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Kärner
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Specific Problem ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Physiological Reactivity ◽  
Domain Specific

scholarly journals Step by Step: Biology Undergraduates’ Problem-Solving Procedures during Multiple-Choice Assessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. ar71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luanna B. Prevost ◽  
Paula P. Lemons
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Specific Problem ◽  
General Procedure ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Hybrid Procedures ◽  
General Domain ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Written Descriptions ◽  
Categorization Scheme

This study uses the theoretical framework of domain-specific problem solving to explore the procedures students use to solve multiple-choice problems about biology concepts. We designed several multiple-choice problems and administered them on four exams. We trained students to produce written descriptions of how they solved the problem, and this allowed us to systematically investigate their problem-solving procedures. We identified a range of procedures and organized them as domain general, domain specific, or hybrid. We also identified domain-general and domain-specific errors made by students during problem solving. We found that students use domain-general and hybrid procedures more frequently when solving lower-order problems than higher-order problems, while they use domain-specific procedures more frequently when solving higher-order problems. Additionally, the more domain-specific procedures students used, the higher the likelihood that they would answer the problem correctly, up to five procedures. However, if students used just one domain-general procedure, they were as likely to answer the problem correctly as if they had used two to five domain-general procedures. Our findings provide a categorization scheme and framework for additional research on biology problem solving and suggest several important implications for researchers and instructors.

scholarly journals The computer-based assessment of domain-specific problem-solving competence—A three-step scoring procedure

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1719571
Author(s):  
Jürgen Seifried ◽  
Steffen Brandt ◽  
Kristina Kögler ◽  
Andreas Rausch
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Specific Problem ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Computer Based

Developing pre-service O&M specialists’ reflective practices to improve problem-solving opportunities during instruction

2020 ◽  
pp. 026461962094607
Author(s):  
Kim T Zebehazy ◽  
Silvia M Correa-Torres ◽  
Kathryn D Botsford
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Reflective Practices ◽  
Personnel Preparation ◽  
Question Asking ◽  
Preparation Programs ◽  
Orientation And Mobility

The ability of instructors to promote problem-solving abilities is an important pedagogical skill. Providing well-planned problem-solving opportunities is especially vital in orientation and mobility (O&M) lessons. During personnel preparation programs, pre-service O&M specialists would benefit from developing a keen awareness of how well they encourage problem-solving in their instruction. This mixed-methods study reports on a process in which nine pre-service O&M specialists engaged during their blindfold techniques course. Each participant taught two lessons to a peer in their course, engaging in a retroactive think-aloud after each lesson. The process focused participants on the types of questions they asked to promote thinking and engaged them in reflection on how well the lesson met their intended objectives. Results indicated qualitative benefits noted by the participants of engaging in the process and also highlighted a need for further work with pre-service O&M specialists on question asking and allowing problem-solving and thinking opportunities during basic lessons.

Comparing Occupational Adaptation-Based and Traditional Training Programs for Dementia Care Teams: An Embedded Mixed-Methods Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Heather McKay ◽  
Noralyn D Pickens ◽  
Ann Medley ◽  
David Cooper ◽  
Cynthia L Evetts
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Retirement Community ◽  
Collaborative Problem Solving ◽  
Team Development ◽  
Occupational Adaptation ◽  
Cooperative Action

Abstract Background and Objectives With a growing demand for a dementia-capable workforce, attention shifts from disseminating knowledge of care strategies to facilitating teams translating knowledge into practice. Occupational Adaptation (OA) is a theoretical framework used to facilitate people resolving real-world challenges through active problem-solving, using relative mastery as its measure. This pilot study evaluated if and how OA-based training improves dementia care teams’ relative mastery and team development more than a skills-based (SB) program. Research Design and Methods We report results of an embedded mixed-methods study with 28 employees of a continuing care retirement community (2 groups randomly assigned to 9-week programs). Data collection entailed 2 surveys conducted pre-, mid-, and postintervention; observations; journals; and follow-up interviews. We extended beyond quantitative and qualitative analyses with cross-cutting analyses exploring exemplar and exceptional cases. Results The OA group reported significantly greater improvements in relative mastery and team development (p < .05). Qualitative data supported the statistical findings and illuminated processes that led OA to outperform SB. OA participants, those who analyzed real cases and alternated collaborative planning with cooperative action, were more likely to indicate pre–post differences in relative mastery and team development. Discussion and Implications We identified features of the OA program that diverse participants deemed effective; features that suggest how OA could underpin clinically relevant learning for workers. Further research is required to develop evidence of clinical effectiveness; however, our findings have relevance for agencies wishing to promote knowledge translation and collaborative problem-solving in dementia workforce training.

Determining Emotional Tone and Verbal Behavior in Patients With Tinnitus and Hyperacusis: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 660-672
Author(s):  
Suzanne H. Kimball ◽  
Toby Hamilton ◽  
Erin Benear ◽  
Jonathan Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Verbal Behavior ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Emotional Tone ◽  
Explanatory Mixed Methods ◽  
Quantitative Results

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the emotional tone and verbal behavior of social media users who self-identified as having tinnitus and/or hyperacusis that caused self-described negative consequences on daily life or health. Research Design and Method An explanatory mixed-methods design was utilized. Two hundred “initial” and 200 “reply” Facebook posts were collected from members of a tinnitus group and a hyperacusis group. Data were analyzed via the LIWC 2015 software program and compared to typical bloggers. As this was an explanatory mixed-methods study, we used qualitative thematic analyses to explain, interpret, and illustrate the quantitative results. Results Overall, quantitative results indicated lower overall emotional tone for all categories (tinnitus and hyperacusis, initial and reply), which was mostly influenced by higher negative emotion. Higher levels of authenticity or truth were found in the hyperacusis sample but not in the tinnitus sample. Lower levels of clout (social standing) were indicated in all groups, and a lower level of analytical thinking style (concepts and complex categories rather than narratives) was found in the hyperacusis sample. Additional analysis of the language indicated higher levels of sadness and anxiety in all groups and lower levels of anger, particularly for initial replies. These data support prior findings indicating higher levels of anxiety and depression in this patient population based on the actual words in blog posts and not from self-report questionnaires. Qualitative results identified 3 major themes from both the tinnitus and hyperacusis texts: suffering, negative emotional tone, and coping strategies. Conclusions Results from this study suggest support for the predominant clinical view that patients with tinnitus and hyperacusis have higher levels of anxiety and depression than the general population. The extent of the suffering described and patterns of coping strategies suggest clinical practice patterns and the need for research in implementing improved practice plans.

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