scholarly journals Complex post-traumatic stress disorder in asylum seekers and victims of trafficking: treatment considerations

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Jowett ◽  
Angeliki Argyriou ◽  
Odile Scherrer ◽  
Thanos Karatzias ◽  
Cornelius Katona
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Service Evaluation ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Treatment Considerations ◽  
Post Traumatic

Asylum-seekers experience high levels of traumatic events pre-, post- and during migration. Poly-traumatisation is associated with complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD), which has not yet been extensively explored in this population. CPTSD is a prevalent and highly disabling disorder in the present population requiring culturally sensitive diagnostic and treatment approaches. In this service evaluation, we evidence the high prevalence of CPTSD in an asylum-seeking sample and its association with greater distress compared with PTSD. We outline the treatment needs of asylum seekers with CPTSD.

scholarly journals Causes and Risk Factor of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Adult Asylum Seekers and Refugees

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-423
Author(s):  
Abdullah AlRefaie ◽  
Christopher Dowrick
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Causes And Risk Factors ◽  
Asylum Seekers And Refugees

Objectives: To assess the causes and risk factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adult asylum seekers and refugees. To explore whether the causes and risk factors of PTSD between male and female adult refugees/asylum seekers are different. Study design: Systematic review of current literature. Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar up until February 2019. Method: A structured, systematic search was conducted of the relevant databases. Papers were excluded if they failed to meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Afterwards, a qualitative assessment was performed on the selected papers. Results: 12 Studies were included for the final analysis. All papers were either case studies/reports or cross-sectional studies. Traumatic events experienced by refugees/asylum seekers are the most frequently reported pre-migration causes of PTSD development, while acculturative stress is the most common post-migration stressor. There were mixed reports regarding the causes of PTSD between both genders of refugees/asylum seekers. Conclusions: This review’s findings have potential clinical application in terms of helping clinicians to risk stratify refugees/asylum seekers for PTSD development and thus aid in embarking on earlier intervention measures. However, more rigorous research similar to this study is needed for it to be implemented into clinical practice.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder among School-age Adolescent

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Khalid Astitene ◽  
Hassan Aguenaou ◽  
Laila Lahlou ◽  
Amina Barkat
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reaction Index ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Post Traumatic

Aim: After a traumatic event, the person can develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the purpose of the study is to assess the prevalence of PTSD in adolescents in public middle schools of the prefecture of Salé in Morocco and study anxiety and depression which are the comorbid disorders of the PTSD. The survey was carried out from March to June 2017. Methods: 523 students were selected by the cross-sectional method from fifteen schools that were randomly selected, the age of the students vary between 12 and 17 years. For the survey, standardized questionnaires (the socio-demographic data, the Life Events Checklist, the CPTS-RI (Children's Post Traumatic Stress Reaction Index), the STAIY (State Trait Inventory Anxiety Form Y) and the CDI (Children Depression Inventory) were used which were filled in by the students. Results: The prevalence of PTSD was 70.4% in the students who have PTSD. We found that the prevalence in boys was 46.74%, while in girls it was 53.26%. In addition to that, 81% of students found to be anxious and 51.8% of students have depression. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of post traumatic stress disorder among adolescents, there are practical implications for the support and care of these adolescents.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Heart Failure Patients: A Test of the Cardiac Disease-induced PTSD Hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-296
Author(s):  
Phillip J. Tully ◽  
Suzanne M. Cosh
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Substance Abuse Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Axis I

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent in approximately 12% of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and such patients are at risk of further CVD morbidity and mortality. It is unknown whether CVD patients with cardiac and non-cardiac traumatic events leading to PTSD differ in medical comorbidities and psychiatric vulnerabilities. Our objective was to compare heart failure (HF) patients with cardiac and non-cardiac PTSD. Method: A population of HF patients from 3 hospitals underwent a two-step depression and anxiety screening process to identify potential mental health treatment needs. The post-traumatic stress disorder module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I disorders was used to classify trauma(s) exposure, and other disorders. The patients with PTSD were sub-divided by cardiac related traumas (e.g. myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac arrest) and non-cardiac related traumas (e.g. sexual abuse, interpersonal violence). Results: 10 patients met criteria for non-cardiac trauma and 18 patients met criteria for cardiacinduced trauma. There were no significant differences in HF aetiology or severity nor cardiac comorbidities. Time since PTSD, onset was significantly longer for those with non-cardiac PTSD. Among psychiatric comorbidities, alcohol and substance abuse disorders, as well as depression were more prevalent in patients with non-cardiac PTSD. Conclusion: Cardiac related PTSD was associated with less alcohol and substance abuse disorders, and depression by comparison to their non-cardiac induced PTSD counterparts. Ongoing research is required to establish if cardiac-induced PTSD truly reflects a unique subtype of PTSD, and whether there are different treatment needs and therapeutic approaches for this subtype.

Post‐traumatic stress disorder and subthreshold post‐traumatic stress disorder in recent male asylum seekers: An expected but overlooked “European” epidemic

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-50
Author(s):  
Emilio Sacchetti ◽  
Andrea Garozzo ◽  
Christian Mussoni ◽  
Daniele Liotta ◽  
Gaia Novelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Long-distance migration was associated with increased prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in Syrian refugees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Halgreen Eiset ◽  
Michaelangelo P Aoun ◽  
Monica Stougaard ◽  
Annemarie Graa Gottlieb ◽  
Ramzi S Haddad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers

Background: Refugees are forced migrants but there is a large variation in the distance that refugees cover and there is a knowledge gap on how this may affect refugee' health and health care needs. We investigated the association between long-distance migration and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a serious psychiatric disorder associated with deteriorating mental and somatic health. Methods: Included from 2016-2019 were 712 adult Syrian refugees and asylum seekers in Lebanon and Denmark arrived up to 12 months prior. PTSD was assessed using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and the estimate of association was obtained by multiply imputing missing data and adjusting for confounding by propensity score-weighting with covariates age, sex, socioeconomic status, trauma experience and WHO-5-score, reporting the bootstrap 95-percentile confidence interval (95% CI). Additionally, a number of sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: After multiply imputing missing data and propensity score-weighted adjustment for confounding, migration to Denmark instead of Lebanon was associated with an increase in PTSD prevalence of 9 percentage point (95% CI [-1; 19] percentage point). Discussion: We found that long-distance migration was associated with an increase in the prevalence of PTSD suggesting that long-distance migration may be a factor to consider when assessing refugees' and asylum seekers' health. To secure timely and appropriate health care for this vulnerable group we need to remedy the current knowledge gap regarding the health effects of migration. This study is the first step in doing so.

Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Among Asylum Seekers in Italy: A Population-Based Survey in Sicily

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 634-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Rodolico ◽  
Noemi Vaccino ◽  
Maria C. Riso ◽  
Carmen Concerto ◽  
Eugenio Aguglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Population Based Survey
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